cropcircle麦田圈 最全的麦田圈介绍 英文.ppt

AMysteryinTheFields WhatdothoseShapesandCirclesMean PicturesherebyLucyPringle http www lucypringle co uk 2 Introduction Inthispresentation bylookingattheavailableevidence wewillattempttogainabetterunderstandingofthe CropCircle phenomenon WelookatTheHistoryofCropCirclesEvidenceforMan WomanMadeCropCirclesEvidenceforCropCirclesbeingmadebyweatherorotherAtmosphericPhenomenaEvidenceforCropCirclesmadebyExtraTerrestrialsorotherformsofHigherConsciousnessPossiblemeaningsoftheCropCirclesCropCircleMessages AHistoryofCropCircles 4 AHistoryofCropCircles 1 OneoftheearliestdescriptionsofcropcirclesissomedrawingsoftwoU K cropformationsdescribedin1686byProf RobertPlot Plotexaminedmultiplesuchformationsandstatesthatthesoils underallofthemweremuchlooseranddryerthanordinary andthepartsinterspersedwithawhitehoar muchlikethatinmouldybread ofamustyrancidsmell buttothetast e insipid Thisisfrom ANaturalHistoryofStaffordshire 1686 SomereferencesIreadcastdoubtonthevalidityofthisstory however 5 AHistoryofCropCircles 2 Thiscropcircle fromthesameera 17thCentury alsofromtheANaturalHistoryofStaffordshireoccurredinSt Gile sfieldsatUniversityCollege Thecloudandtrumpet likediagram upperleft illustratesPlot shypothesisthatcropcircles mustneedsbetheeffectsofLightning explodedfromtheClouds inthiscase theclouds breakingfirstinaquadrangular andafterinawidercircularforme 6 AHistoryofCropCircles 3 Alaterstorycomesfrom1678 Thepamphlettellsofafarmerwho refusingtopaythepricedemandedbyalabourertomowhisfield sworethathewouldratherthattheDevilmoweditinstead Accordingtothepamphlet thatnighthisfieldappearedtobeinflame Thenextmorning thefieldwasfoundtobeperfectlymowed supernaturallyperfect infact http en wikipedia org wiki Mowing Devil 7 AHistoryofCropCircles 4 InJuly 1880theprestigioussciencejournalNature Vol 22 pp 290 291 publishedaletterfromBritishspectroscopistJ RandCaproninwhichhedescribedhisdiscoveryandsubsequentexaminationofmultiplecircularareasofflattenedwheatonafarminsouthernEngland Hedescribesareasofcrop forming circularspots with afewstandingstalksasacentre someprostratestalkswiththeirheadsarrangedprettyevenlyinadirectionformingacircleroundthecentre andoutsidetheseacircularwallofstalkswhich have notsuffered Capronsuggestedthattheseflattenedcirclesweretheresultof somecyclonicwindaction andenclosedasketchofthe mostperfect ofthesecircleswhich unfortunately Naturedidnotpublish 8 1970 s 1990 s 1 FolkloreandanecdotalevidencesuggeststhatCropcirclehistoryisalongone theearliestphotographedstartin1966 TheseappearedinAustraliaPhotographsfromcirclesinSwitzerlanddatebackto1975and1976 FirstphotographsofcropcirclesinEnglandweretakeninHampshirein1978 MorephotographicevidencedemonstratesworldwideactivitywithafocusinsouthernEngland 5thAugust 1989atWinterboureStoke nearStonehenge Englandwiththesignaturealmostradial Copyright ColinAndrews1989 31stJuly 1985atLongstock HampshireinEngland OneoffivefoundtogetherbyBustyTaylor eachwithsimilarsignature Copyright MichaelGreen1985 http easyweb easynet co uk pppf6 Research CropCircle 2003 CROPCIRCLES2003 Colin2003 html 9 1970 s 1990 s 2 Suddenly Iheardanoise Itseemedasifsomethingpusheddownthewheat Thatnighttheairwascompletelystill Ilookedaround Themoonhadjustappeared shiningbrightly InfrontofmyeyesIcouldseeagreatimprinttakingshape Thewheatwasforceddowninaclockwisedirection BryceBondandArthurShuttlewood firstmoderncropcircleswitnesses Warminster nightofAugust12 1972Thecropcircleswerenotreallyanotedphenomenonuntilperhapsthemid1980 s TheyhavebeenknowntoappearinTobacco Wheat OilseedRape Snow ConiferTreesandotherareas Sofar theyhavebeenreportedin29differentcountries CirclesnearSilburyHill 1987 ApproxJuly PhotobyAndrewJohnson Goodworth 1985 10 1990 Pictograms OnthenightofJuly10 1990 theinhabitantsofthevillageofAltonBarnesheardapeculiarbuzzingsoundwhichcausedalldogsinthevillagetobarkincessantlythroughoutthenight AsthedawnlightbathedtheValeofPewsey noneofthefarmers carswouldstart Andastheyapproachedtheirfieldsnoonecouldbelievetheireyes a603ftpictogramlaymajesticallyinthewheat Wewillcomebacktothesetypesofsymbols butletslookatsomeotherthingsfirst CharacteristicsofSomeCropCircles 12 FairyRings Afairyringorfairycircle alsoknownasapixiering isanaturallyoccurringringorarcofmushrooms Theringsmaygrowovertenmetersindiameterandbecomestableovertimeasthefungusgrowsandseeksfoodunderground Evenifnomushroomsarepresent theundergroundpresenceofthefungusmaysometimesbedetectedbyobservingthewitheringofgrassdirectlyabove InEnglishfolklore fairyringsweresaidtobecausedbyfairiesorpixiesdancinginacircle wearingdownthegrassbeneaththeirfeetInScandinavianfolklore thesecircleswereattributedtotheelvesandwerecalled lvdanser i e elfdances 13 Non GeometricCropFormations1 Non GeometricCropFormations anomalousplantchangesdocumentedin geometric cropformations thoseinwhicharecognizabledesignisapparent arealsofoundinmanycasesofnon geometricallyflattenedcrop Called lodging bymanyfarmers andthoughtbythemtobetheresultofintenseweathersystemsimpinginguponplantsalreadyweakenedbyover fertilization iftoomuchnitrogenisappliedtothegrowingcroptheseed headsgrowlargerandweighmore thusmakingtheplant stalkmoresusceptibletowindandrain Testingofquiteafewofthesenon geometricallyflattenedimpressions particularlywhentheyarefoundinvicinitieswheregeometricformationsoccurregularly hasinanumberofcasesrevealedthesameplantabnormalitiesfoundin geometric events andtoagreaterdegreeinmostinstances 14 Non GeometricCropFormations2 Inthemore geometric cropformationsmoreexpulsioncavities holesblownoutattheplantstemnodes arealsousuallyfound Germinationabnormalitiesarealsofrequentlymorepronounced Theevidenceseemstoindicateamoreintenseheating microwave energyandflatteningforcedischargedinthesechaotically downedcropareas Laboratorytestsonplantstakenfromnon geometricallydownedareaslikethese inmanydifferentcountries oftenrevealthesamechangesfoundinplantsfromcropcirclesofmoregeometric design AltonBarnesintheU K Geometricandnon geometrically downedcropinthesamefield Patchesofrandomly downedcropareoftenseeninconjunctionwith oroverlying recognizabledesignsinthefields 15 CropCircles Growing Eltopia Washington USA whichoccurredduringthenightofJune18 19 1998 photoJune21 1998 Sameplacephotographed3weekslater Inanumberofcaseseverysummergeometricformationswithclean crispedgeshavebeendiscoveredinfieldswhichsubsequently oftenwithinoneortwodays showevidenceofhavingbeenre visitedbythecircle makingenergysystem Whenthismulti circleformationinWashingtonstate left wasfirstphotographedonJune21 1998allofthecircleshadcrisp distinctedges andtherewereonlyafewpatchesofrandomly downedcropintherestofthefield Whenre photographedonJuly8thpatchesofrandomly downedcropcoveredthefield damagingtheedgesofmanyoftheoriginalcircles Thissortofre visitationoftheenergysysteminvolvedincreatingcircleshasbeenseeninallcountriesstudiedsofar Itisquiteinterestingtonotethat insomecases therevisitationcanalsoproduceadditionalgeometricfeatures whichseemtocomplimenttheoriginaldesign ratherthanresultinginrandomly downedadditions 16 EMFGroundWave Usinga Microdet meter readingsweretaken whichshowedanElectromagnetic field layerbetweenabout6 and12 abovegroundlevel top bottomofhill Electrostaticreadingsinthecirclewereoffthescale 17 FieldAroundHeadofWheatStork Thisdiagramshowshowawheatheadcouldbuildupachargeofstaticelectricity It snotdifficulttoimaginethatwhenblowingcontinuallyinthebreeze asizeablevoltagecouldbuildup thinkofstrokingacat takingapulloveroffetc 18 InteractionwithSolarWind Atapointjustbeforedawn theEarth senergiesareattheirmaximumlevel ThehighestchargesarebeingformedalongtheEarth sterminatorpointwhereparticleinteraction magneticinteraction chemicaleffectsandelectrostaticeffectsarealltakingplace Alltheseforcescombiningtogiveamassive kick ofhighenergythroughtheatmosphere 19 InteractionwithSolarWind2 Actionofelectromagneticlinesofforceresultsinparticleinteraction causingionisationintheupperatmosphere Theelectrostatic electromagneticeffectofthephenomenoncanresultinphotonsbeinggivenoff thismayappearintheformofglowingballsoflightorevenacolumnoflight 20 InteractionwithSolarWind3 Whenreachingtheearth theenergyfieldislikelytoproducegroundcurrentsintheCropCircleareaandonewouldexpecttofindanomaliesinanysoilsamplestakenfromthesite Theeffectof DC groundcurrentswouldbelikelytoinducemagneticandchemicalchanges althoughtheremaybesomevariation dependinguponthetypeofsoilinthearea 21 StemCreasesat55cmaboveground CarltononTrent 9thJuly1991 MansfieldNotts10thJuly1991 22 StemCreases 2 Afterstudying CropCircles since1985andcollectingandanalysingplantstemsfromincidentsupto150milesapart onecommondenominatoremerged Thiswasthediscoveryofsinglestandingstems withtopsectionsbentoverataheightof55cm 22 inanotherwiseflattenedcircleofWheatorBarley 23 BurnMarksetc BarleyMansfield Notts 6thJuly1991 Wheat SuttononTrent Notts 6thJuly1991 Wheat HusbandsBosworth Notts 7thJuly1990 Wheat Southwell Notts 7thJuly1990 TheseeffectscouldbetheresultofMicrowaveRadiation whichwouldansweranumberofadditionalquestions 24 PlantEffects Twistingandspirallingofthesomatictissuesatthebaseoftheseed head Microwaveenergywouldseemtoaddressthefollowingquestions 1 Whatforce normallyinvisible iscapableofsuchactionwithinsuchashortdurationoftime possibly20seconds 2 Whatcanaccountforthe PlasmaBalls photographedbyJapaneseandBritishscientistsoverthewheatfieldsinEngland whereCropCircleshavelaterbeendiscovered 3 HowcanCropCirclesoccureitherduringthedayornightandwithoutdetectionbylocalradarornightvisioncameras Withorwithoutanywind forinstanceinamistatnighte g Wiltshire27thJune1991 4 Whatcouldaccountfora mist oftenseenshortlyaftertheformationofaCropCircle 5 Whatcouldberesponsibleforthe chirping and tweeting soundsrecordedinCropCirclesandthoughttobecausedbyH Fradiation ThefactthatthereexistsameansofidentifyinganauthenticCropCircleevent i e bentstems isastepforwardindiscoveringthenatureoftheforcethatisresponsible alsoseeslideabout swirl signature Top August 2000 Controlplantsfromoutside 99formationarea Bottom August 2000 Sampleplantsfromdownedareainside1999 Dolphin whichareadarkergreen tallerthancontrols 25 SoilEffects CanadianCircle BLTResearchhaveastudyonthesoilinacropcircleformationwhichwasfoundinSept1999EDMONTON ALBERTA CANADAThefactthatthefieldwasinfestedwithCanadianthistle whichmadeitalmostimpossibletowalkinthefieldwithouthighprotectiveboots tendedtofurtherruleoutthepossibilitythatthisformationhadbeenmechanicallyproduced Thefullstudyisavailableonline linkedonthepagebelow 26 SoilEffects CanadianCircle 2 Clayminerals illite smectites extractedfromsurfacesoilstakenatthesamesamplinglocationsastheplants weresubmittedtoX raydiffractionanalysis TheresultsweresubmittedtoDrRobertC Reynolds Jr awellrespectedscientist InReynold swords thepossibilityofcrystalgrowthseemsremote Thedegreeofpressureknowntobeinvolvedincausingcrystalgrowthinsedimentarydepositswouldhave haditbeenpresent completelyobliteratedtheplants Andthe600 800 Ctemperatures overaperiodseveralhours knowntobenecessarytopromotesuchcrystalgrowthinthelaboratorywouldhave inthecropcirclefield incineratedanyplantmaterialpresent Additionally theverybriefburstsofpossiblyintensemicrowaveradiationthoughttobethecauseofnode elongationandthecreationofexpulsioncavities throughheatingandexpansionofinternalstemmoisture couldnotaccountforcrystalgrowth 27 GeologicalAspects SomeresearchershavenotedthattheGeologyofanareacanbeveryimportantintheCropCirclePhenomenon perhapsbecauseoftheamountofwaterintheaquiferetc MostoftheareawherecropcirclesarefoundintheUKismainlyaChalklandscape FreddySilvadiscussesthis and sacredsites here ManMadeCircles 29 DougBowerandDaveChorley BowerandChorleystatedtoreportersthatasmallgroupofpeoplecanstompdownasizeableareaofcropinasinglenight Stomp doesnotmeanusingthefeet simpletoolstomakecropcircleshavebeendescribed However BowerandChorleyoftenretractedtheirclaimsofwhichcirclestheyhoaxed andwhenconfrontedandaskedtoprovidedetailsrelatingtothegeometricrelationshipsofcertaincropcirclestheywouldmerelyreply ohwedidn tdothatone Thissparkedsuspicionthattheyweremerelytryingtoconfusetheissueandtomakecropcirclesbeseenasa fringe or esoteric fieldofresearch DougBower DaveChorley Right 30 DougBowerandDaveChorley May1989nearCheesefootHead Winchester England MadebyDougBowersandDaveChorley Notethenumerousrotationsofthespiralfingerprint consistentwithbeingmadewitha1 2meter wide stomper board Copyright BustyTaylor1989 31 CircleMakersGroup Contrarytowhatsomepeoplethink thereisanorganised disclosedgroupofpeoplewhopurposelygooutandmakeCropCircles oftenforCorporateSponsorsThreeofthemareJohnLundberg RodDickinsonandWilRussell Theyusethefollowingequipment 1 Stalk stomper twopiece6ftmodel 2 Stalk stomper onepiece4ftmodel 3 Ballofpre stretchednylonstring 4 2ftlongmarkingpole 5 100ftplasticsurveyingtape Notshownhere 6 OSPathfindermap fieldboundariesandpathways Optionalequipmentincludes 7 Infraredimageintensifier8 Dowsingrods pendulumDrSimeonHein aCropCircleresearcher spentsometimewiththem JohnLundberg RodDickinson WilRussell http www circlemakers org 32 CircleMakersGroup Theydrawouttheirdesigns oncetheyhavebeencommissioned forexample bymobilephoneoperatorO2forthis display onBlackpoolbeachfortheAugust2003bankholiday Thedesignforbasicnumbersseemscomplicatedtome Thedesignshownisjustforthefigure8 http www circlemakers org 33 CircleMakersSpiralDesign AtthebeginningofAugust2004circlemakersJohnLundberg RodDickinsonandWilRussellwereaskedbyNationalGeographicTVtocreateademonstrationformationindaylightoppositeSilburyHillinWiltshireforadocumentaryonthecropcirclephenomenon Wedecidedtocreatea200ftformationincorporatingasquarespiral Untilnowsquarespiralshavenotappearedoutinthefields probablybecauseunlikeacircularspiral asquarespiralisacomplexgeometricformanddifficulttocreateaccurately Ittook3ofusaverysedate5hourstocreate withlotsofbreaksinconstructionforfilming Asfaraswewereawareatthetime nopreviouscropcircledesignhadincorporatedasquarespiral orwatersnakeasitissometimescalled Butinoneofthosecosmiccoincidencesthathappenfrequentlyinasubjectlikethis we venowseenreportsofasquarespiralformationatWoodingdeaninEastSussex picturedright whichappearedafewdaysbeforewecreatedoursoncamera althoughunlikeourformationitsconstructionseemssomewhathaphazard Woodingdean 34 MoreCircleMakers Designs Overtheyearsourcerealcreationshaveappearedinseveraladverts InMay2005Nikegaveusacallandaskedifwe dliketotouracrossItalymakingcropcirclesaspartofanadvertisingcampaignfortheirnewNikeFreetrainers makingmassivefootprintsinMilan RomeandFoggiainthesouth Eachofthe250fttallfootprintswasmorecomplexthanthelast WestartedinMilanwithafootprintcreatedinwheat ThenweflewtoRomeandcreatedafootprintinabarelyfieldwiththeNikeFreetrainerstreadlaidovertheformationusing1000ftofwhitebarriertapetocreatethegrid FinallyweflewdowntoFoggiainthesouthofthecountrytocreateafootprintinwheatwithagridofbarriertapelaidoverthetopoftheflattenedcropandthecampaignslogan PowertoYourFeet NikeFreelogoandNikeswooshleftstandinginthewheat http www circlemakers org 35 MoreCircleMakersPublicity ThistimearounditwasTheLevellers picturedabove who viatheproductioncompanyJunk72 askedustocreatetheiranarchysymbolasacropcircletobeusedasthecentrepieceintheirlatestvideo Theformation picturedabove whichspannedapprox200ftwascreatedonabalmysummersdaybycirclemakersJohnLundberg RodDickinsonandWilRussellatPoynings WestSussexinmidAugust2002andtookaboutfourhourstoconstruct InitiallyJunk72askedustomapoutthegeometryoftheformationandthenstop OncethiswasdonewedownedtoolsandwerejoinedbythefivebandmembersMark Jeremy Charlie SimonandJonwhounderourinstructionflattenedalargeproportionoftheformationwhilstbeingfilmed http www circlemakers org 36 CircleMakersGroup WeirdHappenings Towardstheendofthe1992season ourcirclemakingteamdecidedtotestourrefinedtechniquesbyattemptingtoproducewhatwas atthetime probablythemostcomplicateddesignever Itwaswhilstcreatingthatformationthatthefollowingeventoccurred Astheskygrewdarkerweslowlywalkedalongthenarrowfootpaththatranalongsideourintendedcanvasforthenight Iknewwehadtostartearlyifwehadanychanceofcompletingtheformationbeforedaybreak Afteraboutanhour wethreecirclemakersconvergedonthesamepointandbeganquietlydiscussingourprogress Suddenlymyattentionwasdrawntoalightthathadappearedfromnowhere Itwasafewhundredyardsawayanddirectlyinfrontofus AssoonasI dregistereditspresenceIalertedmycolleagues Amazed westoodtheregazingatthisfootball sizedorangelightasithungmotionless aboutfortyfeetabovethesurroundingcountryside Afteranestimatedfivesecondsthelightbegantoslowlydescend Withinanotherfivesecondsithaddescendedabouttenfeetandhadfadedintoinvisibility Withlittletimetospare weexcitedlyreturnedtoourwork alwayshopefulofarepeatperformance Subsequentdaylightchecksrevealednoevidenceofthelight sexistence Thatyearalsosawalargeincreaseinthenumberofluminositiesreportedaroundcirclesites Didwewitnessanaturallyoccurringphenomenon orwerewereallybeingscannedbythegenuinecirclemakers http www circlemakers org 37 CircleMakersGroup WeirdHappenings Part waythroughtheconstructionoftheformation therewasapowerfulburstoflight weallstopped lookedaround andafterabitofheadscratchingcontinuedtheformation Thiswasfollowedsoonafterwardsbyanidenticalburstoflight Ilaterdescribedtheexperienceasanalogoustohavingaflashgunletoffinmyface withthelightmomentarilyblinding Unfortunately Ned srecordingequipmentwasswitchedoffatthetimeoftheflashes ashewashelpinguscrafttheformation Oncemoreduringthesameweek Iwasoutcirclemakingwithafriendinthesamelocale Afterfourhoursinthefield astheformationwasnearingcompletion Iwassuddenlyovercomebyastrongsenseofforeboding shortlyfollowedbyasimilarburstoflight Notwantingtochanceameetingwiththesourceoftheflashes weleft Idecidedtomakethatmylastformationof1994 Earlierthisyear wetookanotherjournalistoutwithus Duringourconversationswedescribedtheflashesoflighttohim butAndyinitiallyseemedunconvinced ThisiswhathelaterwroteinhisarticleforTheFacemagazine Aboutthirtyminutesbefore Johnhadturnedtomeaswewereafewfeetawayontheouterring Didyoupickoutthatflash heasked excitedl