阅读理解荟萃.doc

阅读理解荟萃A Half a century after the March of Dimes ( a US charity organization that collects money for children ) put the 20th centurys most feared childhood disease on the road to eradication (根除), Bill Gates declared polio(小儿麻痹症) his important job and challenged world leaders to finish the job. India, Nigeria, Pakistan and Afghanistan now have active transmission(传播) of the disease. Gates says the biggest problem with the success of the Global Polio Eradication program in those countries and elsewhere is lack of money. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation plans to increase its $200 million annual contribution (每年的捐款) by $102 million this year, Gates says. Gates recently met privately with Pakistans President in Washington, D.C., to try to persuade him to provide full support for Pakistans eradication plan. Children in the USA also are at risk, experts say. Parents who dont vaccinate (给人接种疫苗) their children because they are fearful of vaccine side effects create a large number of children who are likely to be harmed by the virus. “If you increase the number of unvaccinated children, you increase the chance that this virus will find new subjects,” says David Oshinsky, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Polio: An American Story. “Weve got to get this vaccine into the mouths of children,” says Bruce Aylward, head of the World Health Organizations eradication program. In 1988, when the World Health Organization launched the Global Polio Eradication program, the disease killed 350,000 children a year worldwide. By last year, the total dropped to fewer than 1,500 worldwide, Aylward says. If Gates provides the final push for polio eradication, he may be remembered as much for helping prevent polio as for founding Microsoft, Oshinsky says. “As long as theres polio anywhere, people everywhere are at risk,” Aylward says. “Were still not out of the woods.” 1. According to the text, the success of the Global Polio Eradication program mainly depends on _.A. the World Health Organizations policyB. the development of a new vaccineC. the local governments supportD. the collection of funds 2. What do we know about polio according to the text? A. People in Nigeria dont take it seriously. B. Its now the most serious childhood disease. C. Great progress has been made in preventing it. D. There are few organizations helping to prevent it.3. According to Oshinsky, _. A. Gates should devote more time to Microsoft B. polio eradication is a very important cause C. vaccine side-effects should not be ignored D. polio has been brought under control4. The underlined part “Were still not out of the woods” means “_” A. We get lost in the woods B. Were not free from trouble C. We have no idea where to go D. Were unable to eradicate polioB Childhood obesity (肥胖) has reached epidemic(泛滥) levels in recent years. According to the Institute of Medicine, obesity in preschool aged children and teens has more than doubled since the 1970s while the obesity rate in children aged 6 to 11 has more than tripled(成三倍). Protecting advertising revenue and financial interests is the top priority for news outlets, and families are being given watered-down recommendations for preventing childhood obesity that offer little benefit as a result. Parents deserve real solutions aimed at reduction in obesity risk. USA weekend published an article on three simple ways to lower your childs risk of obesity. The first tip to let children sleep in on the weekend may attract children, but it does not even begin to address the real issue. The second tip of limiting television is excellent advice as children spend too much time mindlessly watching television shows. However, eating habits are more important than the amount of time spent sleeping or watching television in terms of obesity. The final suggestion to eat together as a family has value in providing a social environment while eating, and it encourages home-cooked meals versus fast food. This is probably the most practicable one of the suggestions given; however, eating as a family does not address what is being served. If a family enjoys a meal of hamburger helper, wonder bread with margarine and jam and some root beer to wash it down, nothing has been solved by eating together as a family. Families should be encouraged to focus on a healthy diet, not simply eating a meal together. Real solutions to obesity are simple, yet they are never mentioned due to financial conflicts of interest. Processed foods should be eliminated, including foods that contain white flour, sugar, high fat food that could not be made in your own kitchen. An increase in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other whole foods should replace processed foods in a childs diet. Parents often complain that their children wont eat healthy food because processed foods are available and frequently offered. Mainstream media and the medical community are not going to solve the growing epidemic of obesity; it has to be solved with the parents choice to change the foods offered to their children.5. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. How to help children to lose weight.B. Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels.C. Childhood obesity has attracted social attention.D. How to prevent children gaining too much weight6. According to the writer, _.A. families have helped a lot in preventing childhood obesityB. fast food is the only one to blame for childhood obesityC. there is no real solution to lowering childhood obesityD. economic reasons have contributed to childhood obesity7. Whi