高中英语Agreement主谓一致的课件和习题必修4.ppt

agreement 主谓一致 就近一致原则 2点 语法一致原则 6点 个体一致原则 8点 意义一致原则 8点 就近一致 就近一致 语法一致 1 主语 with togetherwith alongwith aswellas including ratherthan besides except but inadditionto otherthan like notect 结构中 谓语与主语一致 2 不定式 动名词或从句作主语时 谓语动词用单数eg 1 servingthepeopleismygreathappiness 2 whenwedeliverthegoodshasn tbeendecided 3 whenandwherewewillgohasn tbeendecided 但当what引导的句子做主语 若后面是 be 名词 的结构时 谓语随名词变化 eg 1 whatyoudidwasright 2 whatyouneedarethesedictionaries 3 定语从句中 oneof 复数名词 定语从句 从句的谓语动词复数 若在oneof前有the theonly thevery修饰时 从句的谓语动词则用单数 eg 1 sheisoneofthesewomenwho theviolinwell 2 sheistheoneofthesewomenwho theviolinwell play plays 4 定语从句中主语是关系代词who that which时 从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致 eg i who yourteacher willteachyoueverythingiknow 5 在强调句中 如被强调的是句子的主语时 则that who后面的谓语动词应与被强调的主语一致eg 1 itismikewhoalways metostudymathsafterclass 2 itwasiratherthantheythat punishedbytheboss am helps was 6 halfof therestof partof plentyof 分数 of 等作主语 谓语动词随of后的名词而变化 个体一致1 由and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人 同一物或同一概念 谓语动词用单数 这时and后面的名词前没有冠词 eg 1 thewriterandteacherisheruncle 2 apoetandartistiscomingtodeliveraspeech 3 myclassmateandfriend goingtopayavisittome 4 aforkandknifeisonthetable 5 warandpeaceisoftenpeople stopic is aknifeandfork一副刀叉 breadandbutter加黄油的面包 coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡 whiskyandsoda汽水saltandwater盐水aneedleandthread针线 ahorseandcart四轮马车 awatchandchain表链 acoatandtie warandpeace战争与和平 truthandhonesty medicalhelpandcureaimandend目的 2 and连接的两个或多个主语前如有each every no manya 许多 等修饰时 谓语用单数 eg 1 everytreeand every floweristobecutdown 2 nosoundandnovoiceisheard 3 manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake 4 inourcountryeachboyand each girlhasrighttoreceiveeducation 3 表示时间 金钱 距离 重量等复数名词表示单位数量作主语时 被看作整体时谓语用单数 eg sixtyyearsisalongtime tendollarsisenoughforhim threethousandmilesisalongdistance fiftykilogramsisnottoolongtobecarried 如强调具体数目 则用复数 onehundredcentsmakeadollar morethanfiftyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried 4 manya 单数名词 morethanone 单数名词 oneandahalf 单数名词 作主语 谓语动词用单数eg 1 manyaforeignerhasbeentothegreatwall 2 morethanonestudenthasturnedupatthemeeting 3 oneandahalfbananawaseatenbytheboy 5 由some any every no构成的不定代词 谓语动词用单数 6 eachof eitherof oneof 谓语动词用单数 noneof neitherof 可单可复 根据说话人的意思决定 但代表不可数名词时 用单数eg 1 noneofusare isperfect 2 neitherofthemknow knowstheanswer 3 noneofthisworriesme noneofthismoneyismine neither作形容词时与单数名词连用 谓语动词用单数 neitherstatementwastrue 7 主语是书名 剧名 报纸名 国名等复数形式的名词 仍为个体 谓语用单数theunitedstatesisadevelopedcountry 8 带引号的词语作主语 谓语单数 i istheninthletteroftheenglishalphabet 意义一致 1 集合名词family class team group crowd audience company army enemy government population 作主语 若强调整体 谓语动词用单数若强调个体 谓语动词则用复数eg 书p5 2 集合名词cattle clothes people thepolice表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数 people民族 可数名词 peoples 3 主语是单复数同形的名词deer sheep fish鱼 series系列 species物种 means手段 works工厂 aircraft飞行器 ect 时 视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数 eg 1 anewmeanshasbeenused 2 manymeanshavenotcomeintoeffect 4 以 s结尾的一些词theolympicgames manners remains earnings belongings goods surroundings winnings leavings ect 表示复数意义 谓语动词用复数 5 physics politics mathematics等一些以 ics 结尾的词 指学科时属单数 谓语动词用单数 eg 1 physicsisnotdifficulttolearn 2 mathematicsisasubjectstudiedinnearlyeveryschool 注 若指某学科能力 成绩 应用等或非学科含义时被看作复数 谓语常用复数 mymathematicsareweek whatareyourpolitics政治信仰 见解 6 成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses shoes trousers pants gloves socks slippers scissors等作主语时 谓语通常用复数 但如果前有a thepairof a thesuitof等词语修饰时 谓语动词与pair suit等一致 用单数 eg 1 mytrousersareverynice 2 apairofshoesisunderthebed 7 主语是疑问代词who what which 不定代词all more most any none等以及名词half part therest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义 其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定 eg 1 whichismorevaluable healthorwealth 2 whichareprettier theseorthose 3 wehadsomepaper buttherestwasputback the adj 表示一类抽象概念时 谓语也单数thenewissuretoreplacetheold thecomplicateisdifficulttounderstand 8 the 形容词 做主语时 表示一类人或物时 谓语动词为复数 表示具体一个个体时 谓语动词为单数 eg 1 theyoungarebetteratlearningnewthings 2 theyoungismyuncle 历年高考题 90题21alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered2 89题27notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother a isb arec amd be3 87题15allbutone herejustnow a isb wasc hasbeend were 答案 multiplechoice 1 onthewall twolargeportraits a hangsb hangc hangedd hanging c85 2 newsofvictories pouringinasourarmyadvances thecompanycommandersaid a keepb keepsc keptd havekept c85 3 there alotofmilkinthebottle a areb isc wered has c86 4 zhang sfamily ratherbig withtwelvepeopleinall a isb arec beingd was c85 5 nobodybutjane thesecret a knowb knowsc haveknownd isknown c86 multiplechoice 6 allbutone herejustnow a isb wasc hasbeend were c87no 45 7 alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered c90no 20 8 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother a isb arec amd be c