天津市河西区2019届高三英语下学期第一次模拟考试试题（含解析）.doc

天津市河西区2019届高三英语下学期第一次模拟考试试题（含解析）一、单项选择题1.would you mind moving over a little? i have to pass here. _ id like to help.a.not in the slightest.b.dont mention it.c.never mind.d.at your service.【答案】 a 【考点】情景交际及习惯表达 【解析】【分析】句意：你介意稍微移动一下吗？我要从这里过去。一点也不介意，我很愿意帮忙。a. not in the slightest“根本不”；b. dont mention it“不客气”；c. never mind“没关系”；d. at your service“愿意为您服务”。由id like to help可知，作者一点也不介意。故选a。 【点评】考查交际用语，区分not in the slightest； dont mention it；never mind和at your service的含义和使用环境。2.our company is seeking for a manager, especially _ with creativity and imagination. a.the oneb.eachc.oned.that【答案】 c 【考点】代词 【解析】【分析】句意：我们公司正在招聘经理，尤其是具有创造性和想象力的一个经理。the one特指一个；each 每一个；one泛指一个；that那个。所以选c。 【点评】考查代词辨析，区分the one；each；one和that的应用。3.its supposed to be the end of the paperback and the _ of digital media, but some bookstores are surviving the internet age with surprising success. a.deadlineb.dawnc.duskd.departure【答案】 b 【考点】名词辨析 【解析】【分析】句意：这本应该是平装本的终结和数字媒体的黎明，但是一些书店在互联网时代却以惊人的成功幸存了下来。a. deadline“最后期限”；b. dawn“黎明”；c. dusk“黄昏”；d. departure“离开”。the end与dawn相对。故选b。 【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分deadline；dawn；dusk和departure的含义。4.good morning. may i help you? no, thank you. im just looking around._a.its up to you.b.how are you feeling today?c.thanks for coming to see me.d.take your time then.【答案】 d 【考点】情景交际及习惯表达 【解析】【分析】句意：早上好，我能为您效劳吗?不，谢谢。我只是随便看看。您慢慢看。a. its up to you“由你决定”；b. how are you feeling today?“ 你今天感觉怎么样？”c. thanks for coming to see me“谢谢你来看我”；d. take your time then“慢慢来”。take your time then符合语境。故选d。 【点评】考查交际用语，区分its up to you；how are you feeling today?；thanks for coming to see me和take your time then的含义和使用环境。5.once youve _ the items you ordered, put this record in your file. a.checked inb.checked offc.checked outd.checked with【答案】 b 【考点】动词短语的辨析 【解析】【分析】句意：你清点完订购的每一件东西后，将这份记录存档。a. checked in“办理登记手续”；b. checked off“清点”；c. checked out“办理退房手续”；d. checked with“与相符合”。故选b。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分check in；check off；check out和 check with的含义。6.this was returned because the person _ this letter was addressed had died three years ago. a.to whomb.to whichc.whichd.whom【答案】 a 【考点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：这封信被退回来是因为收信人三年前去世了。分析句子可知，the person为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作介词的宾语，而定语从句中涉及be address to sb“给写信”。所以介词为to。故选a。 【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句。7.the scientist does not study nature _ it is useful to do so. he studies it because he takes pleasure in it. a.untilb.becausec.thoughd.unless【答案】 b 【考点】原因状语从句 【解析】【分析】句意：这个科学家研究自然不是因为这样做有用。他研究自然是因为他从中会得到快乐。a. until“直到”；b. because“因为”；c. though“尽管”；d. unless“除非”。由下一句提示可知，本句为because引导的原因状语从句。故选b。 【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及because引导的原因状语从句。8.days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _say where he was. a.mustntb.shouldntc.wouldntd.mightnt【答案】 c 【考点】情态动词的辨析 【解析】【分析】句意：数天后，我弟弟打电话说他很好，但不肯告诉我他在哪里。mustnt“禁止”；shouldnt“不应该”；wouldnt“不情愿”；mightnt“不可能”。故选c。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分mustnt；shouldnt；wouldnt和mightnt的含义和应用。9.the real reason why prices _, and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. a.wereb.will bec.have beend.had been【答案】 a 【考点】一般过去时 【解析】【分析】句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中and still are的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。故选a。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。10.hearing the news, she rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance. a.left; lain openb.left; lay openedc.leaving; lie openedd.leaving; lying open【答案】 d 【考点】分词，非谓语动词 【解析】【分析】句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故选d。 【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作伴随状语和宾语补足语。11.this house is almost _ to the one where i lived as a child. a.identicalb.manualc.chillyd.enthusiastic【答案】 a 【考点】固定短语，形容词的词义辨析 【解析】【分析】句意：这所房子几乎和我小时候住的那所房子一模一样。a. identical“完全相同的”；b. manual“手工的”；c. chilly“寒冷的”；d. enthusiastic“热情的”。be identical to /with固定短语，“与相同”，故选a。 【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分 identical；manual； chilly和 enthusiastic以及固定短语be identical to /with。12.the new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market _ its superior quality. a.in terms ofb.on account ofc.on behalf ofd.on top of【答案】 b 【考点】介词和介词短语 【解析】【分析】句意：这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬，并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。a. in terms of“就而言”；b. on account of“由于”；c. on behalf of“代表”；d. on top of“在顶端”。商品能够迅速占领市场，是由于超级好的质量，所以前后是因果关系。故选b。 【点评】考查介词短语，区分 in terms of；on account of；on behalf of和on top of的含义。13._some teenagers dont realize is_difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.a.that；howb.which；what ac.what；whatd.what；how【答案】 d 【解析】【分析】考查名词性从句。第一空，what引导主语从句，并在主语从句中作realize的宾语，注意that引导主语从句时，不充当句子成分；第二空，how引导表语从句，修饰形容词difficult，表语从句是感叹句。14.is it he or you _ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually? a.who isb.that isc.who ared.whom are【答案】 c 【考点】主谓一致，强调句 【解析】【分析】句意：是你还是他负责这个工作都应该准时完成这个工作？这是强调句的一般疑问句，因为是强调的是人，连接词用that和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致，由此可以排除a和b；whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除d。故选c。 【点评】考查强调句和主谓一致，掌握强调句型的结构。15.what happened to the young trees we planted last week? the trees _ well, but i didnt water them.a.might growb.neednt have grownc.would have grownd.would grow【答案】 c 【考点】虚拟语气 【解析】【分析】句意：我们上周种的小树怎么了？这些树本来会长得很好，但我没有给它们浇水。would have done表示对过去已发生的事情的推测，表示“可能”，故选c。 【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去已发生的事情的推测。二、完形填空16.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 songs bring us through our life. each time i listen to my favorite song reach, im deeply 1 by its lyrics: if i could reach higher, just one moment touch the sky. when we hear this 2 song sung by gloria estefan, we can 3 imagine how she managed to return to the stage after her serious back injury. in 1990, this cuban singer was 4 down in a terrible traffic accident, and the doctor 5 that she might never walk again. but gloria did not 6 and kept on working hard toward her 7 . just one year after the disaster 8 , she stood up again and 9 this encouraging song at the atlanta olympics. whenever i think of gloria, a 10 crowds in my mind. when i entered university, naturally shy, ordinary looking, and with 11 scores in my lessons, just like an ugly duckling. i seemed to be the 12 outstanding one in my class. continuous failures drove me into 13 . am i to take a back seat to everyone else? 14 to give in to such a fate i spared no effort to work on my lessons and joined in many 15 , such as english speech contests and dramas. i just wanted to catch every little chance to 16 myself. my continuous efforts finally paid off. i received some 17 . more importantly, i 18 courage and confidence to face any difficulty in my life. 19 is just like farming. you 20 what you sow. once you have a dream, dont hesitate. keep moving!1. a. convincedb. disturbedc. impressedd. discouraged2. a. entertainingb. inspiringc. boringd. puzzling3. a. easilyb. simplyc. finallyd. hardly4. a. knockedb. cutc. pulledd. turned5. a. arguedb. declaredc. doubtedd. added6. a. give awayb. give backc. give outd. give up7. a. goalb. journeyc. achievementd. recovery8. a. happenedb. endedc. lastedd. returned9. a. wroteb. recordedc. presentedd. covered10. a. fancyb. viewc. memoryd. question11. a. standardb. poorc. highd. excellent12. a. mostb. morec. leastd. very13. a. hopelessnessb. weaknessc. troubled. anger14. a. freeb. eagerc. disappointedd. unwilling15. a. partiesb. gamesc. activitiesd. meetings16. a. satisfyb. improvec. enjoyd. forgive17. a. awardsb. thanksc. giftsd. comments18. a. confirmedb. gainedc. combinedd. requested19. a. luckb. beliefc. lifed. competition20. a. harvestb. reservec. expandd. discover【答案】 （1）c；（2）b；（3）d；（4）a；（5）b；（6）d；（7）d；（8）a；（9）c；（10）c；（11）b；（12）c；（13）a；（14）d；（15）c；（16）b；（17）a；（18）b；（19）c；（20）a； 【考点】记叙文，人物故事类 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者每当听到古巴歌手gloria estefan演唱的到达，都被歌词深深打动，作者几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的，并且唱出了这么励志的歌曲。作者由此想到了自己上大学的时候，因天生害羞，相貌平平，学习成绩很差，一度陷入绝望，但作者不愿意屈服于这样的命运，通过不断的学习和参加各种活动提高自己，最终使作者获得自信和勇气来面对生活中的任何困难。作者告诫读者，一旦你有了梦想，不要犹豫，要去实现它。 （1）考查形容词。句意：每次我听我最喜欢的歌曲到达，我都被它的歌词深深地打动：“如果我能到达更高的地方，只要触摸天空的那一刻。”a. convinced“确信的”；b. disturbed“精神紊乱的”；c. impressed“印象深刻的”；d. discouraged“气馁的”。根据上文my favorite song reach可知，这首歌是作者最喜欢的歌曲，因此对歌曲的歌词和曲调特别印象深刻。故选c。 （2）考查形容词。句意：当我们听到gloria estefan演唱的这首鼓舞人心的歌曲时，我们几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的。a. entertaining“有趣的”；b. inspiring“令人鼓舞的”；c. boring“令人厌烦的”；d. puzzling“令人迷惑的”。根据下文this encouraging song可知，encouraging与inspiring为同义词。所以这首歌鼓舞人心。故选b。 （3）考查副词。句意：当我们听到gloria estefan演唱的这首鼓舞人心的歌曲时，我们几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的。a. easily“容易地”；b. simply“简单地”；c. finally“最后地”；d. hardly“几乎不”。gloria estefan在事故中严重受伤，但却能重返舞台，所以作者几乎是不能想象她是怎么做到的。故选d。 （4）考查动词。句意：1990年，这位古巴歌手在一场可怕的交通事故中被车撞倒，医生声称她可能再也不能走路了。a. knocked“撞”；b. cut“切”；c. pulled“拉”；d. turned“转向”。根据in a terrible traffic accident可知，gloria estefan发生了交通事故，knock down固定短语，“撞倒”符合句意。故选a。 （5）考查动词。句意：1990年，这位古巴歌手在一场可怕的交通事故中被撞倒，医生声称她可能再也不能走路了。a. argued“争论”；b. declared“宣称”；c. doubted“怀疑”；d. added“增加”。根据上文her serious back injury可知，这位歌手伤的很重，所以医生根据她的受伤情况，才声称她可能再也不能走路了。故选b。 （6）考查动词短语。句意：但是gloria estefan没有放弃，继续努力恢复健康。a. give away“泄露”；b. give back“归还”；c. give out“耗尽”；d. give up“放弃”。根据kept on可知，gloria estefan没有放弃，继续努力恢复健康。故选d。 （7）考查名词。句意：但是gloria estefan没有放弃，继续努力恢复健康。a. goal“目标”；b. journey“旅行”；c. achievement“成就”；d. recovery“恢复”。根据下文she stood up again可知，gloria estefan一直在为恢复努力，所以才最终又站了起来。故选d。 （8）考查动词。句意：灾难发生一年后，她再次站起来，在亚特兰大奥运会上演唱了她的励志歌曲。a. happened“发生”；b. ended“结束”；c. lasted“持续”；d. returned“返回”。根据上文可知，gloria estefan发生了一场交通事故，本句指事故发生的一年后。故选a。 （9）考查动词。句意：灾难发生一年后，她再次站起来，在亚特兰大奥运会上演唱了他的励志歌曲。a. wrote“写”；b. recorded“记录”；c. presented“呈现”；d. covered“覆盖”。根据the atlanta olympics.可知，在这样的重要场合，她给所有的观众带来了/演唱了她的励志歌曲。故选c。 （10）考查名词。句意：当我进入大学的时候，天生害羞，相貌平平，学习成绩很差，就像一只丑小鸭。a. fancy“喜爱”；b. view“观点”；c. memory“记忆”；d. question“问题”。根据下文可知，作者想起了上大学时的自己，所以这是作者在回忆过去。故选c。 （11）考查形容词。句意：当我进入大学的时候，天生害羞，相貌平平，学习成绩很差，就像一只丑小鸭。a. standard“标准的”；b. poor“贫穷的，差的”；c. high“高的”；d. excellent“优秀的”。根据naturally shy, ordinary looking可知，and并列连接的形容词都为贬义词。故选b。 （12）考查形容词。句意：似乎是班里最不突出的一个。a. most“最多的”；b. more“较多的”；c. least“最少的”；d. very“恰好的”。根据上文呢作者对自己的描述可知，作者认为自己似乎是班里最不突出的一个。故选c。 （13）考查名词。句意：不断的失败使我陷入绝望。不断的失败会对人产生消极的影响。a. hopelessness“绝望”；b. weakness“弱点”；c. trouble“麻烦”；d. anger“愤怒”。hopelessness“绝望”符合句意。故选a。 （14）考查形容词。句意：我不愿意屈服于这样的命运，我不遗余力地学习，参加了许多活动，如英语演讲比赛和戏剧。a. free“自由的”；b. eager“渴望的”；c. disappointed“失望的”；d. unwilling“不愿意的”。作者不遗余力地学习，参加了许多活动。这些都是因为作者不愿意屈服于这样的命运。故选d。 （15）考查名词。句意：我不愿意屈服于这样的命运，我不遗余力地学习，参加了许多活动，如英语演讲比赛和戏剧。a. parties“聚会”；b. games“游戏”；c. activities“活动”；d. meetings“会议”。根据english speech contests and dramas.可知，作者参加了许多活动。故选c。 （16）考查动词。句意：我只是想抓住每一个提高自己的机会。a. satisfy“使满意”；b. improve“提高”；c. enjoy“喜欢”；d. forgive“原谅”。作者之所以要参加这些活动，就是希望通过这些活动可以提高自己，使自己更自信，更有勇气。故选b。 （17）考查名词。句意：我的不断努力终于有了回报，我获得了一些奖品。a. awards“奖品”；b. thanks“感谢”；c. gifts“礼物”；d. comments“评论”。根据paid off可知，作者的努力得到了回报，并获得了一些奖励。故选a。 （18）考查动词。句意：更重要的是，我获得了勇气和信心去面对生活中的任何困难。a. confirmed“确定”；b. gained“获得”；c. combined“使结合”；d. requested“要求”。勇气和信心不是天生就有的，它需要通过做某些事情来获得。故选b。 （19）考查名词。句意：生活就像耕种一样。这是短文的升华部分，把生活比作耕种。a. luck“幸运”；b. belief“信念”；c. life“生活”；d. competition“竞赛”。故选c。 （20）考查动词。句意：种瓜得瓜种豆得豆。a. harvest“收获”；b. reserve“保留”；c. expand“膨胀”；d. discover“发现”。根据what you sow可知，种什么就收获什么。故选a。 【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。三、阅读理解17.阅读短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 still seeking a destination for your weekend break? there are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college. kings art centre a day at the centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. this weekend tees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists. you could attend a class teaching you how to learn from the masters or get more creative with paintfree of charge. the centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee. the botanic garden the garden has over 8, 000 plant species; it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for cambridge university. the multi-branchedtorch aloe here is impressive. the african plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss. get to the display house to seedionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the venus flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals. the garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. look for grass snakes in the lake. a snake called hissing sid is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun. byrons pool many stories surround lord byrons time as a student of cambridge university, arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of mess and drunkenness. however, it seems as though byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. im not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his roans. he spent a great deal of time walking in the village. it is also said that on occasion byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as byrons pool. a couple of miles past grantchester in the south cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. the cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. if you dont trust me, then perhaps youll take it from virginia woolfover a century after byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.（1）as mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for _. a.attending the masters classb.working with local artistsc.learning life drawingd.seeing an exhibition（2）torch aloe and venus flytrap are _. a.common insectsb.impressive plantsc.rarely-seen snakesd.wildlife-enthusiasts（3）we can infer from the passage that byron seemed _. a.to fear pet bearsb.to like walkingc.to be a heavy drinkerd.to finish university in 1805（4）in the passage byrons pool is described as a lake _. a.surrounded by fieldsb.owned by lord byronc.located in grantchesterd.discovered by virginia woolf（5）what is the passage mainly about? a.some places for weekend breakb.a way to become creative in art.c.the colourful life in the countryside.d.unknown stories of cambridge university.【答案】 （1）c（2）b（3）b（4）a（5）a 【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，时文广告类 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍的是几处周末度假去处，包括这些地方的好处，吸引人的地方。 （1）考查细节理解。根据kings art centre部分中的“the centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.”，可知学习写生需要一些费用。选c。 （2）考查细节理解。根据the botanic garden中的“the multi-branched torch aloe here is impressive.”可知torch aloe是venus flytrap给人印象深刻的植物。选b。 （3）考查推理判断。根据byrons pool部分中的“he spent a great deal of time walking in the village”可知byron喜欢散步。选b。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the field”可知byrons pool是被田包围的湖。选a。 （5）考查主旨大意。由文章开头的引子及全文内容可知本篇介绍的是几处周末度假去处。选a。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。18.阅读短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at lolo pass. the ground is white. the day is june 10. it has been snowing for the past four days in the bitterroot mountains. wayne fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the lolo trail95 miles from lolo montana to weippe in idaho, across the roughest country in the west. lewis and clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the lolo. today fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. he has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail. when lewis climbed on top of lemhi pass, 140 miles south of missoula, on august 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him; high mountain chains still to the west of us with their tops partially covered with snow. nobody in what was then the us knew the rocky mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the appalachians back east. today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explore