人教新目标Go For It!（2012）初中英语八年级下册Unit 2 ISection A导学案.doc

人教版精品英语资料（精校版）Section A 4a-4c【学习目标】1. 知识技能目标掌握并灵活运用本课的重点词汇raise homeless alone重点短语cheer up, put up, come up with, help out, give out, put off, care for语法重点：非谓语动词 （动词不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语）的用法2. 情感态度目标关注他人、社会，利用自己的特长为他人、社会做贡献，投身于社会公益活动，为不幸的人伸出援助之手。【重点难点】非谓语动词 （动词不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语）的用法【自主学习】the money signsmaking planfive primary schoolsick childrensome ideas 一 短语搭配put offcall upcome up withcheer upput up give out二 英汉互译1. 至少 _ 2. travel alone _3. 为而担心/着急 _4. raise money _5. 挣许多钱 _6. 考虑 _7. 例如 _8. 无家可归的人 _9. stop doing sth. _10. move to another place _【合作探究】一 词语辨析alone lonely 1)lonely adj. (lonelier, loneliest )unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to 孤独的；寂寞的a lonely child孤寂的孩子Sam was very lonely when he first moved to New York.萨姆刚搬到纽约时非常寂寞。She lives alone and often feels lonely.她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。2)alone, by yourself, 和较非正式、常用于英语口语的 on ones own、by oneself 均指独自，但无孤独之意：I like being alone in the house.我喜欢独自一人待在家里。Im going to London by myself next week.我准备下星期一个人去伦敦。There are many_ people who just want to talk. 有很多只想找人倾诉的孤独的人。They care for the _, the lost, the unloved. 他们照顾孤独的人、失落的人和缺少爱的人。I was _ but I didnt feel_我独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。I dont like going out_ after dark. 我不愿意天黑后独自外出。I like to work _. 我喜欢独自一人工作。二 语法探究 动词不定式l动词不定式的基本形式是“_+_”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式在句子中不能作谓语，没有_和_的变化。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的_和_。例如：to put off my plan, to teach kids; to work in an animal hospital, to speak at the meeting.l动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、_、_、_、_、表语和定语。句法作用例 句a. 作宾语I hope to work outside.I want to travel alone.b. 作状语I feel very lucky to have the dog. They give up several hours to help othersc. 作宾语补足语We each ask ten students to come.Mary helps kids learn to read. a.不定式作宾语动词不定式可以用在一些及物动词之后作宾语。【观察】We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-Up Day.我们需要为城市公园清洁日相出一个计划。I hope to work outside.我希望能在外面工作She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.她决定参加一个课外活动小组的志愿者的选拔【小结】巧记接动词不定式作宾语的动词三个希望（hope，wish，expect）两需要（w ant，need），设法（try）同意（agree ）作准备（prepare）。开始（start，begin）计划（plan）莫忘记（forget），记着（remember）决 定（decide）能学会（learn）。nShe _ _ borrow my bike yesterday.昨天她想借我的自行车。nThey began _ _ the English song Lonely.他们开始唱英语歌寂寞b.动词不定式作状语不定式作状语时，常表示目的、结果、原因、条件等，通常放在它所修饰的动词之后。【观察】She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然在那里每周工作一次来帮助孩子们学会阅读。They came up with some ideas to cheer up sick children. 他们想出一些办法使生病的孩子高兴起来。We are working hard to make a better life.我们努力工作目的是使我们的生活更美好。He stopped _ _ a rest.他停下来休息。We eat_ _，but not live _ _.我们吃饭是为了生存,但生存不是为了吃饭。c.动词不定式作宾语补足语【观察】We could each ask 10students to come.我们每人可以叫10个学生来。Mario believe it can help him to get his future dream job.马里奥相信这能帮助他找到将来梦寐以求的工作。【小结】不定式作宾语补足语时，宾语与不定式构成复合宾语，宾语是不定式的逻辑主语。常用此结构的有advise/ ask /want/tell/ allow/ encourage/ invite/ would like/ expect/ need/ wish sb. to do sth.I like you_ _ everything tidy.我喜欢你们使每件东西都保持整洁。Mother asked him _ _ _TV.妈妈叫他把电视机关掉。【观察】I see the animals get better.Let me tell you my story.让我来告诉你我的故事吧。She made the boy go to bed early.她让那个男孩早睡觉。【小结】感官动词如feel, see, hear, watch, notice, listen to, look at 等以及使役动词make, have, let 等在跟不定式作宾语补足语时省略不定式符号to。记牢宾补不带to，一感、二听要仔细。三让 四看记心间，半个帮助最相宜。（一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to ；三让：let，make，have；四看：see， watch，look at，notice；半个帮助：help，可带to也可不带）【观察】Tell him not to be late.I tried not to wake them up.My parents asked me not to stay up. I told her not to go to school. She decided not to buy the green one.【小结】动词不定式的否定形式由“_+_”构成。3)动词+疑问词+ to He wants to learn about how to care for animals.他想学习怎样照顾动物。In their free time, they think about what to do for fun.在他们的闲暇时间，他们考虑做什么来娱乐。Nobody told us _ _ _ next.没有人告诉我们接下去做什么。He showed me _ _ _the new mobile phone. 他向我演示怎样使用这个新手机。The question is _ _ _.问题是什么时候开始。【延伸】1. 不定式作主语【观察】Its not easy for me to make friends.对我来说，不容易交到朋友。= To make friends is not easy for meIts always interesting to watch people show their talents.观看别人展示才艺总是有意思的。=To watch people show their talents is always interestingTo make a plan first is a good idea.先制订计划是个好办法。=_ _ a good idea to make a plan first.句型It is+adj.+for+sb.+_.表示对某人来说做某事怎么样。运用：连词成句help their parents, to, for, important, It, children, with housework is._. 2. 不定式作定语【观察】Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way to spend our free time.自愿花时间帮助这些人是一种度过我们闲暇时间的好方式。He now has 16 bikes to fix up and give away to children who dont have bikes. 他现在有16辆自行车要修理，修好后可以赠送给没有自行车的孩子们。【小结】不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。She did not have much money _ _.她没有很多的钱可以花。I have a lot of work _ _.我有很多工作要干。There is no more room _ _ in.再也没有地方可住了。三 语法探究 动词短语【观察】They cheered up Jimmy. They cheered Jimmy up. They cheered him up.He handed out notices.He handed notices out. He handed them out.She gave away all her old books. She gave all her old books away. She gave them away.He woke up his daughter. He woke up his daughter. He woke her up.I gave most of my books away when I left college. I gave away most of my books when I left college.I gave them away when I left college.【小结】cheer up(使变得高兴), hand out(分发；散发),give away(赠送), wake up(唤醒)等动词+副词构成的短语，名词作宾语可放在中间或后面，代词作宾语只能放在_。a.动词+副词 put off, put up, put away, turn on/ off/ up/ down. mix up, look up, clean up, pick up, make up虚构；编造(故事、谎言等), eat up吃光, use up 用完b.动词+介词 listen to, care for, look for, think about,c.动词+副词+介词 look forward to, come up with, catch up withd.动词+名词+介词 pay attention toe.be动词+形容词+介词 be different from, be interested in, be angry with, be worried about, be similar to, be good at【检测反馈】I. 单项选择1.Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed2.Mary is very generous. Yes, she gave away all her money she owned_ people in need. A. to help B. helped C. helping3.He made us_ by making faces. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughed4.The boys volunteer three hours_ up the park near their school. A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned