英语人教版九年级全册object clauses.ppt.ppt

TheObjectClause 宾语从句 Theobjectclause宾语从句定义 复合句中 放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句 e g Couldyoupleasetellmewhatweneedtobuy 试比较 Weknowhim WeknowhelikesEnglish 主s 主s 谓v 谓v 宾o 宾o 宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语 简单句 复合句 什么是宾语从句 DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut 宇航员 Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun Pleasetellmewhereshehasgone Idon tknowifhewillcometonight Let sfindoutwhat sontonight FindouttheObjectClauses Studyingaims 1 understandthemeaningoftheobjectclause 2 graspitanduseitcorrectly Learnbyyourselves PleasereadthepointsonP143 5minutes 1meaning 2Whichponitsshouldwepayattentionto 宾语从句三要素 一 引导词二 语序三 时态 一 引导词 宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型 看从句 从句是陈述句 口语中常省略 从句是一般疑问句 从句是特殊疑问句 Weknowthatweshouldlearnfromeachother Pleasetellmeif whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica thatif whether 是否 wh how 即特殊疑问词 Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare 注 that在句中无词汇意义 在从句中不能充当成分 在口语当中往往省略 e g 1 Ihear that hewillbebackinanhour 2 Hesaid that hemissedusverymuch 1 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 1 在主 谓 it 形式宾语 宾补 that从句 真正宾语 的句型中不省略 eg Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay 2 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中 第二个that不省略 that在宾语从句中的省略与保留 eg Hetoldme that hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime c 当that作介词except in等宾语时e g Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing Iwanttoknowif whethersheisright Theydidn tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot if whether引导宾语从句表示 是否 if whether可互换 但whether ornot为固定搭配 2 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 If whether 是否 的区别 一般情况下 if和whether可以互换 但以下4种情况只能用whether 在不定式前 Whethertogothereornothasn tbeendecided 在介词前 Itdependson 依靠 whetheritisgoingtorain 与ornot连用 Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot 做主语从句 Whetherheisrightisn timportant 主语 e g 1 Doyouknowwhosebookitis 2 Pleasetellmewhenwe llhaveameeting 3 Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate 4 Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion 3 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 从句是特殊疑问句 当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致 可简化成 特殊疑问词 todo CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice Canyoutellmehowtogettothenearestpostoffice 填写合适的引导词 1 Canyoutellme youwereborn Betty A whoB whatC whenD that2 Idon tknow theyhavepassedtheexam A whatB ifC whenD where3 Ihardlyunderstand hehastoldme A thatB whatC whichD who4 Heaskedme toldmetheaccident AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose5 Heaskedhisfriend togothereornot A ifBwhetherC whatD that C C B B B DannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish Doyouknowwherehecamefrom PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句 宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序 即是 主语在前 谓语在后 的顺序 宾语从句的语序 二 语序 Doesheworkhard Iwonder Iwonderifheworkshard 或Iwonderwhetherheworkshard Whendidheleave Idon tknow Idon tknowwhenheleft 陈述句语序即 连词 主语 谓语动词 陈述句变为宾语从句 语序不变 即仍用陈述语序 如 Heisanhonestboy Theteachersaid Theteachersaid that hewasanhonestboy 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句 语序变为陈述语序 如 What sthematter 怎么了 等 在作宾语从句时 语序不变 如 Couldyoutellmewhat sthematter 可以告诉我怎么了吗 下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确 IthinkthathewillcometoChinanextyear Iwanttoknowifhewasathomeyesterday Canyoutellmewheredoesyourmotherwork Doyouknowwhocananswerthequestion Pleasetelluswhereisthehospital yourmotherworks thehospitalis 三 时态 如果主句是现在的时态 从句的时态可根据实际情况而定 如 Ihaveheard that he come backnextweek 如果主句是过去的某种时态 那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态 看主句 注意 如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理 自然现象等时 不管主句是什么时态 从句都要用一般现在时 如 Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound Wewonderwhenhe start learningEnglish Hetoldmehe can swim could started willcome Theteacheraskedhimwhathe do atsevenyesterday wasdoing MyfriendaskedmewhenI leave forBeijing wouldleave 或wasleaving Hetoldmethathe be toShanghaitwice hadbeen Couldyoutellmehowhe go toschooleveryday goes Couldyoutellme 宾语从句 表达的是委婉的语气 是一般现在时 e g Theteachersaidthesunrisesintheeast 2 Shesaidlighttravelsfasterthansound 3 Hesaidtheearthisround 4 Shesaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun 5 Hesaidthreequartersoftheearthiscoveredwiththewater 4 时态练习 1Thegirlsaskedifthey somefoodanddrinkwiththem A tookB takeC takesD willtakeMarysaidthatshe toGuangzhou A hasnevergoneB hadnevergoneC hasneverbeenD hadneverbeen3Couldyoutellmewhetherthey dictation 听写today A hadB has C willhaveD are4SheaskedLindaif goandgetsome A couldsheB shecouldC shecanD shemay5Lindasaidthemoon roundtheearth A traveledB hastraveledC travelsD hadtraveled A D C B C 宾语从句三要素 引导词 that 陈述句 if whether 一般疑问句 特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句 时态 主句为一般现在时 主句为一般过去时 一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时 语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序 从句客观真理时态不变 从句可为任何时态 其它问题 didshe Idon tthinkheisserious ishe Ibelievehecanfinishitontime can the 否定的转移 当主句的谓语动词是think believe guess suppose等词时 其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上 如 Idon tthinkheisright 我认为他不对 附加疑问句 反意疑问句 1 一般根据主句的谓语动词判断 如 Shedidn tsaythathewouldcomehere 2 当主句主语为I 我 主句动词为suppose believe think等 则根据从句判断 但肯 否定形式根据主句判断 标点符号的确定 带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句 主句是陈述句 HeaskedmewhereIwentjustnow 问句 Doyouknowwhenhe llbeback 综合练习 各地中考题 1 Inthebookshop areaderaskedtheshopkeeper WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook A thatB howC whatD if2 Idon tknow Mr Greenwillcometoseeus HewillhelpuswithourEnglish A whyB whenC howD where3 Weneverknow theoldmanis Theysayheisateacher A whatB whoC whichD where4 Doyouknow I mgoingtoseehim Sorry Idon tknow A wheredoesMr LiliveB wheredidMr LiliveC whereMr LilivesD whereMr Lilived5 Idon tfeelverywell Mumaskedme thismorning A whatthematterisB whatiswrongC whatthematterwasD whatwasthematter6 WhereisJack Heisawaytospendhisholiday He sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan butI mnotsure A thatB whichC whereD there A A D D C C 谁动了我的奶酪 1 我不知道飞机为什么晚点了 Ididn tknow theplane 2 他问我会议什么时候开始 Heaskedme themeeting 3 没人知道他是什么时候出生的 Nooneknows he 4 老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun thanthemoon 5 我不能肯定他来还是不来 I mnotsure he ornot why waslate when wouldbegin when wasborn isbigger whether willcome Fillintheblanks 宾语从句三注意 一 引导词if whether区别特殊疑问句的简化 疑问词 todo二 语序whatisthematter 怎么了 语序不变三 时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象 仍用一般现在时Couldyoutellme 否定转移在think believe suppose imagine等动词所跟的宾语中 如果从句谓语是否定的 一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去 而将从句谓语改为肯定形式 如 Idon tthinkhehastimetoplaywithgirl 我认为他没时间和女孩玩 Summary 学习宾从三注意 时态语序和连词 时态主从要呼应 主句若为现在时 从句