(a)little,(a)few的区别.doc

little/a little/few/a few一、(a) few与 (a) little的区别1. 从所修饰的名词来看：(a) few后接可数名词，且要用复数形式；(a) little后接不可数名词。We had little time to do it. 我们没什么时间做此事。Theres only a little soup left. 只剩下一点儿汤了。He has few friends. 他朋友很少。Ill only be away a few minutes. 我只离开几分钟。2. 从所表示的意思来看： (a) little还可表示大小。Please accept this little gift请接受这件小小的礼物。There are several little towns along the river. 沿河有几个小镇。注意体会下面两句，前面的little表示形状或个子“小”，后面的little表示数量“少”：The little boy is very busy. He has little time to play. 这个小男孩很忙，他很少有时间玩。Its a little animal. It eats only a little food. 那是一个小动物，它只吃一点点食物。(与small的区别：区别一：两者都可以表示量少，small 通常只放在某些具有数量意义的名词前(如 sum, number, amount, quantity, income 等)，而 little 则直接放在不可数名词前表示量。a little money 一点点钱 / a small amount of money 一小笔钱区别二：两者都可表示面积和体积的“小”，但 small 只是作客观地描述，而 little 则通常带有一定的感情色彩(如高兴、满意、同情等)。I wouldnt like to live in such a small house. 我不想住在那样小的房子里面。Id like to have a little house of my own. 我想拥有属于自己的小房子。注：这样用的 little 通常用作定语，很少用作表语，同时也很少用于比较级或受 very, rather, too 等副词的修饰，而 small 则完全无此限制。区别三：两者都可以表示不重要或无关紧要，small 通常含有“零碎”或“琐碎”等意思，而 little 则主要从重要性方面考虑。如：Dont worry about such small little things. 不要为那样的小事烦恼。She is always busy with small things. 她总忙于琐事。)3.有 a 与没有 a 的区别不带 a 的little和few 含有否定意义，表示数量很少或几乎没有，强调“少”；带有a 的little和few含有肯定意义，表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有，强调“有”。比较：Few people like such things. 没什么人喜欢那样的东西。A few people like such things. 有少数人喜欢那样的东西。He knows little English. 他几乎不懂英语。He knows a little English. 他懂一点点英语。注意，当few前不带 a，但带有the, some these, those等修饰语时，也表示肯定意义。如：Some few have already left. 有几个已经离开了。The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬天都很冷。The first few chapters are about his early days前几章谈他的少年时期。二、从各自的词性来看：在词性方面，两者的共同点是，均可用作形容词；其不同点是，(a) little 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语。He is a little tired. 他有点累了。They are a little bit better now. 现在他们稍好一点了。You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。She was only a little over fifty years old她才五十多一点。三、思维拓展注意两者比较级和最高级的用法及区别：little的比较级和最高级分别为less和least，few的比较级和最高级分别为fewer和fewest。Boys think less about dress than girls do. 男孩子不像女孩子那样爱打扮。He has the least money of all of us. 他是我们大家中钱最少的。Fewer radios were sold this year than last. 今年卖掉的收音机比去年少。He tried to finish the work with least money and fewest people. 他设法要用最少的钱和最少的人去完成这项工作。习题练习：区别一:a little和little修饰或代替不可数名词，与much相对，表示“多”；a few和few修饰或代替可数名词与many相对，表示“少”。a little和a few含肯定语气， little和few含否定语气。一般说来，在only, just, still, quite, can, not等词后用a little或a few；在very, so, some, the, no等词后用little或few1. Are the new rules working? Yes. _ books are stolen. (全国卷)A. Few B. More C. Little D. None【分析】A。句意为：新的规章制度奏效吗？奏效，几乎没什么书被盗了。None后要加of才对。2. Would you like some wine? Yes, just _. (全国卷)A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit 【分析】C。由yes和just可知，语气肯定，用a little (wine)。very little前不可再用just修饰。 区别二:little的比较级和最高级分别是less, least；few的比较级和最高级是fewer, fewest。If we had followed the plan, we could have done the job better with _ money and _ people. (全国卷)A. less; less B. fewer; fewer C. less; fewer D. fewer; less【分析】答案选C。money是不可数名词，排除B和D；people是可数名词，排除A。 区别三:比较a little和a bit：a little和a bit都可用来修饰形容词或副词；a little可直接修饰名词，但a bit后要加of后才可接名词，如a little water=a bit of water；not a little =very / much，而not a bit = not at all。a little bit和a bit的区别：a little bit和a bit是同义的。 a little bit与a little两个都能作为程度副词词组来用。修饰形容词，副词，动词和比较级结构。这时两者是可以互换的。意思是:“稍微，一点”He is a little bit / a b