湖北省天门市、仙桃市、潜江市2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）.doc

湖北省天门市、仙桃市、潜江市2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：how much is the shirt?a. 19. 15. b. 9. 18. c. 9. 15.答案是 c。1.what will the woman do tomorrow?a. go for a ride with the man. b. work in a coffee shop.c. drink coffee with mr.brown.2. what is the mans opinion about the painting?a. its peaceful. b. its colorful. c. its boring.3 how will the guests get back from the airport tomorrow?a. by bus. b. by car. c. by subway.4. where will the speakers probably go?a. to a shop. b. to a bank. c.to a restaurant.5. what are the speakers mainly talking about?a. what the womans family is like. b. how many brothers the woman has.c. whether the woman is from the u.s.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. what language can the man speak?a. french and japanese. b. german and english. c. french and english.7. what made the man give up chinese halfway?a. the chinese characters. b.the grammar. c. the pronunciation.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. whats the relationship between the speakers?a. waiter and customer. b.husband and wife. c. interviewer and interviewee.9. what does the woman think of hamburgers?a. terrible. b. unhealthy. c. delicious.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. what did the man buy on saturday?a. a watch. b. a shirt. c. a pair of shoes.11. what did the man do on sunday?a he read a book. b. he went swimming. c. he did his homework.12. what is the womans opinion about her trip to the amusement park?a. nothing special. b. boring. c. exciting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. where is probably the man?a. on the train. b. at the station. c. at the airport.14. how much is the single ticket?a. 30 yen. b. 100 yen. c.130 yen.15. how often do the trains come at that time of day?a. every two minutes. b. every four minutes. c. about every six minutes.16. where should the man get off?a. at kamiyacho station. b. at tokyo tower. c. at hibiya.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. what do good readers do?a.read slowly and understand all of what they read.b.read fast and understand all of what they read.c.read fast and understand most of what they read.18. how long do most good readers read at least a week?a.six hours. b. eight hours. c.ten hours.19. how do good readers plan their time?a.they read freely. b. they read for quick understanding.c.they give themselves time limits.20. what is true about the last characteristic of good readers?a.they rest now and then while reading. b.they focus on their reading.c.they read easy materials.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。anew york city museums have filled 2019 with exciting exhibitions. here are highlights as you schedule that leisure time:the statue of liberty museumliberty islandstarting may 16a brand new museum about the statue of liberty is opening on liberty island with three rooms within the space, including a 3d immersive（拟真的） theater that will play an 8-to-10-minute film that tells a brief history of its beginnings and its meanings.cycling in the citymuseum of the city of new yorkjuly through decemberthe museum of the city of new york is opening a new exhibit about the history of cycling and the citys relationship with it, called cycling in the city: a 200-year history, through 50 objects including 14 bicycles, photographs, and cycling clothing. the exhibition will also feature ancient and modern films shown on a large screen, which will enable visitors to experience virtual cycling landscapes via zwift, an online cycling video game.she persists: a century of women artists in new york citygracie mansionstarting july 14with 60 works by more than 40 artists, gracie mansion is celebrating the excellent works of women who called new york home in this new exhibit. the paintings, film, photography, craft and design, are divided into three themes: body as a battleground, picturing people and expanding abstraction.museum of the dog101 park ave.starting oct. 6an entire art museum about dogs has arrived in manhattan with a large, two-floor collection of paintings, sculptures and rare pieces from famous dog artists. there are interactive exhibits, like a find your match and a meet the breeds touch screen, where you can explore different breeds features, traits and histories.1. at which place can people learn the history of cycling?a. liberty islandb. museum of the city of new yorkc. gracie mansiond. 101 park ave.2. which of the following is not open during the summer camp?a. the statue of liberty museumb. cycling in the cityc. she persists: a century of women artists in new york cityd. museum of the dog3. which of the following is a traditional exhibition without using digital technology?a. the statue of liberty museumb. cycling in the cityc. she persists: a century of women artists in new york cityd. museum of the dog【答案】1. b 2. d 3. c【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了纽约市2019年的4个展览。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第三段cycling in the city可知，讲述骑自行车历史的展览在museum of the city of new york。故选b。【2题详解】细节理解题。通过观察四场展出的时间可知，museum of the dog的展出开始时间为10月6日，已经是秋天，所以暑假夏令营的期间不能看到。故选d。【3题详解】细节理解题。观察对比市场展出可知，c项的展出具有传统的painting film photograph craft down, 而a项使用了a 3d immersive（拟真的） theater，b项使用了virtual cycling landscapes via zwift，d项使用了touch screen。故选c。【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。比如本题第2小题，通过观察四场展出的时间可知，museum of the dog的展出开始时间为10月6日，已经到了秋天，所以暑假夏令营的期间不能看到。故选d。bjacob and wilhelm grimm were two young men from germany who loved a good story. as university students, they became interested in folktalestraditional stories that people memorized and told again and again. they began to collect traditional folktales from storytellers all over germany. many were similar to stories told in france, italy, japan, and other countries. between 1812 and 1814, the brothers published two books in german.these included stories like hansel and gretel and little red riding hood.despite the fact that jacob and wilhelm grimm are often associated with snow white and rapunzel the brothers didnt actually write any of those stories. in fact, the stories existed long before the two men were born in germany in the mid 1780s. the fairy tales, in fact, were part of a rich oral traditionpassed down from generation to generation, often by women seeking to pass the time during household chores. in 1812, jacob and wilhelm published the stories as part of a collection titled nursery and household tales, or what is now known as grimms fairy tales.the grimm brothers tales were about traditional life and beliefs. for example, forests are common in germany, and this image often appears in the grimms stories. in the past, many people believed forests were dangerous places. in the grimms stories, a forest is the home of evil witches, talking animals, and other magical beings.although most people today think of these stories as fairy tales for children, the brothers first wrote them for adults. many of their early tales were dark and a little scary. later, the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories. they softened many of the tales and added drawings. this made them more appropriate(合适的) for children. like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral: work hard, be good, and listen to your parents.actually, university-trained philologists (语言学者) and librarians, jacob and wilhelm grimm published more than fairy tales. they wrote books about mythology, and published scholarly works on linguistics and medieval studies.4. what is the main purpose of the reading?a. to compare the grimms stories to modern childrens stores.b. to explain why storytelling is important in germany.c. to examine two of the grimms fairy tales.d. to give information about the grimm brothers and their stories.5. which of these statements is true about the grimm brothers?a. they invented the fairy tales in their books.b. they wrote their books in different languages.c. they became interested in folktales as students.d. they traveled to many countries to collect stories.6. which of the following best explains “moral” underlined in paragraph 4 ?a. interestb. textc. storyd. message7. what do we know about the grimms stories?a. the later stories had morals, like the early ones.b. the early stories were written for children.c. the early stories had a lot of drawings.d. the later stories reflected german life, but the early ones didnt.【答案】4. d 5. c 6. d 7. a【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。【4题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段jacob and wilhelm grimm were two young men from germany who loved a good story. as university students,they became interested in folktalestraditional stories that people memorized and told again and again. they began to collect traditional folktales from storytellers all over germany.(雅各布格林和威廉格林是两个来自德国的年轻人，他们喜欢听好听的故事。作为大学生，他们开始对民间故事感兴趣人们反复记忆和讲述的传统故事。他们开始从德国各地的说书人那里收集传统民间故事。)以及下文可知，文章主要介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。故选d。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段第一句话as university students,they became interested in folktales-traditional stories可知，当他们还是学生的时候，就对民间故事非常感兴趣。故选c。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文可知，格林童话和早期民间故事一样，教人们努力，善良，听爸妈的话这样的道德寓意，所以只有d项表示传达了这个意思。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第4段like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral: work hard, be good, and listen to your parents.可知，格林童话的故事和早期一样，都有寓意。故选a。ccan you imagine digging in your yard one day and finding a life-sized soldier made completely of clay? thats what happened several decades ago when farmers in xian, china, were digging wells.archaeologists（考古学家） have since found about 6,000 more of these soldiers, along with horses, weapons, tools, and other artifacts. the huge army was meant to protect the tomb of the first ruler of china. the first emperor of china, qin shihuang, accomplished a huge amount during his rule. between 221 and 210 b.c., he started the construction of the great wall. he built a large network of roads. he introduced a new writing system, currency（货币）, and a set of measurements. the emperor also ordered the construction of a huge army of life-sized terracotta soldiers. these, he hoped, would protect his tomb after his death.the soldiers in xians terracotta museum are today light brown, but they werent always. they began as an army of red, blue, yellow, green, white, and purple. sadly, most of the colors did not last to the present day. after being exposed to air during excavation(挖掘), the coating under the paint began to fall off. the paint disappeared in less time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history.now new techniques are starting to reveal the armys true colors. archaeologists have recently discovered an area with more than a hundred soldiers. many of these still have their painted features, including black hair, pink faces, and black or brown eyes. chinese and german researchers have developed a special liquid to help preserve the soldiers colors. after they find a soldier or other artifacts(手工艺品), archaeologists spray it with the liquid. they then cover it in plastic. archaeologists are also finding colors in the dirt around the soldiers. its important not to disturb the dirt, so the colors wont be lost. “we are treating the earth as an artifact,”says archeologist rong bo, the museums leading chemist. the next challenge, says rong, is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again. once that happens, artists can bring emperor qins army back to life in full, vivid color.8. the terracotta soldiers were constructed to _.a. show the outside world about chinas greatnessb. be enjoyed by everyday peoplec. frighten chinas enemiesd. protect emperor qins tomb9. what is the main idea of the third paragraph?a. the soldiers lost their colors very quickly.b. the soldiers paint fell off because of the high temperature.c. visitors to the museum are not actually seeing the real soldiers.d. being exposed to water is bad for the soldiers.10. what have archaeologists recently discovered?a. a place with over a hundred soldiers.b. a written description of the soldiers true colors.c. a special liquid in the tomb to preserve the soldiers colors.d. a new tomb for emperor qin.11. which statement would rong bo probably agree with?a. the soldiers should stay in their current, brown color.b. artists should be able to paint the soldiers in any color they want.c. archaeologists can only guess at the soldiers original colors.d. we should try to restore the armys vivid colors.【答案】8. d 9. a 10. a 11. d【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了秦皇秦始皇兵马俑和其真正的颜色。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第2段第2句the huge army was meant to protect the tomb of the first ruler of china. the first emperor of china, qin shihuang.可知，兵马俑就是为了保护秦始皇。故选d。【9题详解】主旨大意题。通读第3段可知，该段主要讲述了兵马俑颜色的问题。由after being exposed to air during excavation(挖掘), the coating under the paint began to fall off. the paint disappeared in less time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history.可知，兵马俑颜色在挖掘期间颜色就迅速消失了。故选a。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第4段第2句话archaeologists have recently discovered an area with more than a hundred soldiers.可知，考古学家最近发现了一个拥有100多个兵马俑的地方。故选a。【11题详解】细节理解题。由第4段倒数第2句the next challenge, says rong, is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again.once that happens,artists can bring emperor qins army back to life in full, vivid color.可知，下个挑战是找到方法使兵马俑重新涂上颜色。故选d。【点睛】概括段落大意，可以抓“段眼”，也就是一段文字的中心句，或能涵盖大意的一句话。如果该段没有中心句，但往往有占中心地位的人、事、物、情、理，整个段落都是紧紧围绕这些来写的，抓住他们，概括段落内容就比较容易了。比如第三段，都是围绕兵马俑颜色消失的问题讲述的，故选。dherman melvile, the writer of the famous whale story moby dick, once wrote that humpback whales were “the most lighthearted of all the whales.” known to be intelligent animals and can be seen working together to hunt schools of small fish, humpbacks are a favorite of whale watchers everywhere. and, if you listen closely, you might even hear one singing.marine （海洋） biologist jim darling has studied the songs of humpback whales for more than 25 years. while recording whale songs on a boat near hawaii, he invited author douglas chadwick to experience diving with a humpback. in the water, chadwick heard the whales songs in a way he never heard them before. “suddenly, i no longer heard the whales voice in my ears,” he said. “i felt it inside my head and bones.”when swimming with the whale, chadwick could see that the whale was aware of him, but not alarmed by his presence. up in the boat, darling recorded the whales song, which can be long and complex, sometimes lasting for 30 minutes or more. actually, they are perhaps the longest songs sung by any animal.darling says that only male humpbacks sing, but for unknown reasons, it was previously thought that they sang to attract females, but scientists showed this was incorrect when they played recordings of whale songs in the ocean and the female whales did not respond. another idea is that male humpbacks compete with each other using songs, just as other male animals on land do using their horns or sharp teeth.researchers have also found that humpback whale songs are different in different parts of the world, perhaps like whale national songs. they may also be like hit tunes on the radio, changing over timefrom one year to the next, or even over a single breeding season when they produce young.another member of the research team, photographer flip nicklin, recalls a special moment he had while interacting with a humpback. while he was snorkeling(潜水) some distance from the huge animal, it approached him until it was just a few metres away. it then gently carried nicklin towards its eye with a flipper(鳍肢), as if examine him. obviously, the urge to understand a different species goes both ways.12. what is this passage mainly about?a. how to record the humpbacks in the ocean.b. how humpbacks communicate with people.c. humpback songs and what they might mean.d. the career of a man who is interested in humpbacks.13. when the scientists played songs in the ocean, _.a. the songs attracted fishb. no female whales camec. male whales became angryd. male and female whales came together14. what is not true about humpback whales?a. their songs are short and simple.b. only male humpback whales sing.c. humpback whales are very friendly.d. they are popular with whale watchers.15. what do chadwick and nicklin have in common?a. they were afraid of whales.b. they swam with the whales.c. their jobs are to take photos of the whales.d. they are marine biologists studying whales.【答案】12. c 13. b 14. a 15. b【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了座头鲸的歌声以及其歌声的意义。【12题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，讲述了座头鲸的歌声及其歌声的意义。故选c。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章的第3段but scientists showed this was incorrect when they played recordings of whale songs in the ocean and the female whales did not respond.可知，当科学家们在海洋中播放鲸鱼叫声的录音时，发现这种说法是错误的，因为雌性鲸鱼没有反应。故选b。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第2段中darling recorded the w