湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学2019-2020学年高二英语8月月考试题（含解析）.doc

湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学2019-2020学年高二英语8月月考试题（含解析）第卷第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. what will the speakers do today?a. tour around the city. b. buy a train ticket. c. visit a park.2. what did the woman do last weekend?a. she went on a trip. b. she cleaned her kitchen. c. she moved to a new apartment.3. where did the man work part-time?a. in a department store. b. in a post office. c. in a bank.4. what is the man doing?a. having a class. b. reading a book. c. taking an exam.5. where does the conversation take place?a. in a store. b. in a concert. c. in a library.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. why was loretta on the news?a. she wrote a song for the tv . b. she won a music contest. c. she sang a song for charity.7. what does loretta think of singing?a. it gives her great pleasure. b. it will make her famous . c. it takes too much of her time.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. what relation is mr. butler to the woman?a. her boss. b. her customer. c. her workmate.9. what does the man suggest the woman do?a. do her best to help others. b. deal with complaints properly.c. put mr. butlers phone calls through to him.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. what are the mans hobbies?a. fishing and stamp collecting. b. reading and watching tv.c. watching tv and collecting stamps.11. what does the man say about the woman?a. she is popular. b. she is bad-tempered. c. she lacks patience.12. where does the conversation probably take place?a. in a library. b. by a lake. c. at a cinema.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. what is the most important transportation in karls village now?a. the plane. b. the bus. c. the boat.14. what type of work do many people in karls village do now?a. they fish in a boat. b. they make tools by hand. c. they do business on the internet.15. what does karl think of the old lifestyle?a. easy. b. exciting. c. dangerous.16. what is karl most interested in?a. modern clothes. b. computer games. c. hunting tales.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. what is the weather probably like today?a. rainy. b. dry. c. hot.18. where did matt begin his journey?a. in england. b. in california. c. in hawaii.19. how many hours was matts longest flight?a. sixteen and a half hours. b. sixteen hours. c. fourteen hours.20. what will matt do next?a. interview someone. b. share his experiences. c. plan on another journey.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a 、b 、c 和 d ）中，选出最佳选项。aif confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his september 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. hed need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.while many people in china will remember confucius on his special day, few people in the united states will give him a passing thought. its nothing personal. most americans dont even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.but this doesnt mean that americans dont care about confucius. in many ways he has become a bridge foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of china.in the past two decades the chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in western universities. more recently, the chinese government has set up confucius institutes in more than 80 countries. these schools teach both chinese language and culture. the main courses of chinese culture usually included chinese art, history and philosophy（哲学）. some social scientists suggest that westerners should take advantages of the ancient chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of westerners philosophy. students in the united states, at the same time, are racing to learn chinese. so they will be ready for life in a world where china is an equal power with the united states. businessmen who hope to make money in china are reading books about confucius to understand their chinese customers.so the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well.today china attracts the west more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce confucius and chinese culture to the west. as for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the west, even if his birthday is.1. the opening paragraph is mainly intended to _a. provide some key facts about confuciusb. show great respect for the ancient thinkerc. attract the readers interest in the subjectd. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations2. what is the best title for the passage?a. forgotten wisdom in americab. huge fans of the chinese languagec. chinese culture for westernersd. old thinker with a big future3. the passage is likely to appear in _.a. a newspaperb. a history paperc. a philosophy textbookd. a p biography【答案】1. c 2. d 3. a【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓，对于孔子思想也越来越感兴趣这一社会现象。孔子思想已深入西方，成为西方人深入了解中国的桥梁。美国学生对汉语产生了浓厚兴趣，这就需要更多的老师传播孔子思想和中国文化。【1题详解】推理判断题。在文章第一段中，作者假设如果孔子活到现在的话，过生日一定需要很多蜡烛。从第二段开始说孔子在西方很流行等内容，由此可推断作者写第一段的目的是为了吸引读者，故正确答案为c。【2题详解】主旨大意题。由倒数第二段 “so the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well.（因此，这位老思想家的思想仍然鲜活。）” 和最后一段 “as for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the west, even if his birthday is.（至于这位老思想家，他不会很快被西方人民遗忘，即使他的生日是。）” 可知文章想要阐述的观点是古老的思想家孔子并未被忘记，并且将来在西方还会很流行，由此可知d项“有前途的老思想家”符合文意。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲的是中国的思想家孔子及其所代表的东方文化仍然被西方所推崇，而并没有讲孔子这个人具体如何，也没有谈及历史或者哲学内容，由此可推断这篇文章更可能出现在报纸上，故正确答案为a。bwhen we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. but what are these really, and how do they operate?leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. if this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. if you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. they will also experience fear.fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. if they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. fear has no place in leadership.the way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. we can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). todays work place is all about relationships. anyone works harder in a positive environment in which theyre recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. leaders understand the way things work. they know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.the true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence-knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.4. the underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _ in this passage.a. throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objectiveb. to injure or harm ones own interestsc. to move or pass suddenly or swiftlyd. to grow forth from the ground5. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. people tend to associate leadership with fear.b. working conditions affect peoples physical health.c. good relationship is the key to business success.d. smart people are more functional in the work place.6. to positively influence employees, a leader should first of all _.a. hide his own emotion of fearb. provide better suggestionsc. give his employees a pay raised. develop his own personality7. good leadership is mainly seen in a leaders ability to_.a. provide a variety of project for employeesb. help raise employees living standardsc. deal wisely with employees emotionsd. give employees specific instructions（指导）【答案】4. b 5. c 6. d 7. c【解析】【分析】本文是一篇关于权利的夹叙夹议的议论文，讲述了什么是真正的权利。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文if they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you（如果他们把你和这种恐惧的情绪联系在一起，他们在你身边就会变得不那么有用）以及下文but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively.（还可能会让一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。）可知当员工把领导与恐惧情绪联系在一起时，员工不仅会变得效率低下，从而损害或损害领导自己的利益，还会让一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。可推测划线部分短语意思为“损害自己的利益”，故选b。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是最后一句developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you，which is the key to the leadership skills可知好的关系是生意成功的关键，所以c选项是正确的。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句the way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character，and our understanding and use of emotion以及最后一段developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do可知为了积极的影响员工，领导者必须发展自己的个性，所以d选项是正确的。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句the true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence-knowing your own emotions，and how to handle them，and those of others可知好的领导者主要是看他是否能理智的处理员工的情感，故选c。【点睛】词义猜测题高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或thats to say，such as等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。如第一小题，根据上文if they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you（如果他们把你和这种恐惧的情绪联系在一起，他们在你身边就会变得不那么有用）以及下文but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively.（还可能会让一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。）可知当员工把领导与恐惧情绪联系在一起时，员工不仅会变得效率低下，从而损害或损害领导自己的利益，还会让一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。可推测划线部分短语意思为“损害自己的利益”，故选b。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。cduring the rosy years of elementary school, i enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. i was the queen of the playground. then came my tweens and teens,and mean girls and cool kids. they rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom i soon found myself.popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. mitch prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. the likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, dr. prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”.in one study, dr. prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and. the highest in status based on student surveys . “we found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. but so had those who were high in status. it clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”dr. prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date- sharing, kindness, openness - carry over to later years and. make you better able to relate and connect with others.in analyzing his and other research, dr. prinstein came to another conclusion: not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for t those outcomes, too. “being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,” he said.8. what sort of girl was the author in early years of elementary schoo1?a. generous.b. lone1yc. unkind.d. cool.9. what is the second paragraph mainly about?a. the importance of interpersonal ski11s.b. the characteristics （特征）of adolescentsc. the classification(分类) of the populard. the causes of dishonorable behavior.10. what did dr. prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?a. they appeared to be aggressive.b. they performed well academicallyc. they enjoyed the highest status.d. they tended to be more acceptable11. what is the best title for the text?a. the higher the status, the betterb. be nice-you wont finish lastc. be the best-you can make itd. more selfcontrol, less aggressive【答案】8. a 9. c 10. d 11. b【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要讲了哪些人受欢迎，哪些人不受欢迎，以及他们的一些优势和劣势。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段during the rosy years of elementary school, i enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes， which allowed me to keep my high social status.在小学的美好岁月里，我喜欢分享我的洋娃娃和笑话，这让我保持了很高的社会地位。 可知作者是慷慨大方的。故选a。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology mitch prinstein， a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories： the likable and the status seekers（大众化是社会心理学中一门探索性很好的学科。临床心理学教授米奇普林斯坦将大众化分为两类：讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）可知这段讲的是大众化的分类。故选c。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段we found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates（我们发现，随着时间的推移，最不受欢迎的青少年对他们的同学变得更具攻击性。）根据第四段 but so had those who were high in status it clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment， high status has just the opposite effect on us（但是，那些在统计上处于高位的青少年也是如此它清楚地表明，虽然喜爱度可以导致健康的调整，但高地位对我们的影响正好相反。）根据最后一段being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage， he said（被喜欢创造了学习和新的生活体验的机会，帮助某人获得优势，他说。）可知被喜欢的人获得的机会更多，也就是更易被人接受，所以d正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段dr prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing， kindness， openness - carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.（prinstein博士还发现，邻居们希望你在游戏中分享、友善、开放这些品质一直延续到后来的几年，使你能够更好地与他人相处和联系）以及最后一段 in analyzing his and other research，dr prinstein came to another conclusion： not only is likability related to positive life outcomes， but it is also responsible for those outcomes， too being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage， he said（在分析他的研究和其他研究时，普林斯坦博士得出了另一个结论：受欢迎不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且对这些结果也负有责任被喜欢创造了学习和新的生活体验的机会，帮助某人获得优势，他说。）可知本文主要是讲了要学会分享，要友善，要好好和别人相处，故b项要友好，你不会是最后一个完成的符合文意。故选b。【点睛】主旨大意主要的解题策略有：（1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。例如文章的第3小题，此题属于主旨大意中的（1）类标题类，根据倒数第二段dr prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing， kindness， openness - carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.（prinstein博士还发现，邻居们希望你在游戏中分享、友善、开放这些品质一直延续到后来的几年，使你能够更好地与他人相处和联系）以及最后一段 in analyzing his and other research，dr prinstein came to another conclusion： not only is likability related to positive life outcomes， but it is also responsible for those outcomes， too being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage， he said（在分析他的研究和其他研究时，普林斯坦博士得出了另一个结论：受欢迎不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且对这些结果也负有责任被喜欢创造了学习和新的生活体验的机会，帮助某人获得优势，他说。）可知本文主要是讲了要学会分享，要友善，要好好和别人相处，故b项要友好，你不会是最后一个完成的符合文意。故选b。dthe market for ride sharing is starting to look like a pie-eating competition where the prize is more pie.lyft went public on march 29,and the stock (股票) almost immediately went into a quick drop as money-providers noticed that the company hadnt made any money yet and didnt h pave any clear plans to do so.on april 11, uber went public in the stock market too. the company said it commands more than 50 percent of the ride-hailing(叫车服务) market in america and europe-and had an operating loss of $3 billion last year, about three times as much as lyft lost.think about that: those two companies lost nearly $4 billion in a single year transporting people.whats happening in the ride-sharing market is special in a number of ways.first, it offers what is called “network effects”: the more riders you have, the easier it is to attract and send drivers, and the more drivers you have, the more riders you will attract. markets that display network effects prefer to benefit a few players, and possibly only one.second, ride sharing has no changing costs. its simple to get both apps on your phones, and many riders and drivers do just that, which means fierce competition over every single ride.there are only two ways that