A-land-of-diversity.doc

各位老师你们好，今天我要向大家介绍的是model 8, unit 1: A land of diversity. 本单元介绍：多元文化的美国以及加尼福尼亚州的多元文化特征。本单元的教学目标是：1）语言目标：掌握词汇表中的常用单词和短语；掌握同位语从句的具体用法。2）技能目标：掌握方向与位置的表达法，学会阅读和使用地图。3）情感目标：了解美国加州的概况：地理位置，美国西部山脉，五大湖，最长河流及主要城市，历史文化，感受多元文化和特点，培养跨文化交际意识。本单元我将分6课时来完成。第一课时，侧重阅读理解；第二课时，处理语言知识点；第三课时，侧重听，说，读写的综合技能的培养；第四课时，侧重语言知识教学；第五课时，侧重听，读，写的学生作文点评；第六课时，学生展示project和名词性从句的单元练习及讲评。下面我将简单地介绍教学设计和具体操作：第一课时我要完成warming up, pre-reading, reading, comprehending.第一课时的教学语言目标：1）单词：distinction, strait, means, majority, ministry, hardship, federal, percentage, boom, racial, aircraft. 2）词组：live on, by means of, make a life, keep up.3）句型：Its likely that; Its believed that; Thats why. 本单元的技能目标：看美国地图并以看图填充的形式，了解美国的地理位置，及加州在美所处的位置。情感目标：了解美国概况及加州的历史及多元文化特征，美国西部山脉，五大湖，最长河流及主要城市等。这节课，上之前让学生预习，通过上网查到美国的具体资料，在warming up 阶段，通过这些问题导入： What will come to your mind when you near the USA? What do you know about the USA? Whats the official name of American? Whats the official language of American Who is the president of the USA? Whats the population of the USA? Whats is the capital city? What date is the national holiday? Can you name any of the major cities in the USA? Can you name some famous people?通过这些问题让学生一一回答，若回答不畅，老师提醒。接着讨论美国主要常识language: English; population 296000000; capital city: Washington DC; major cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago; official name: the United States of America; Independence Day: 4, July，先熟悉基本情况；接着提问 Can you say 等问题，由于简单，让成绩低的学生回答。比如：National Flag: known as “the stars and strips”. 50 stars -Each star represents one state. 13 strips-the original 13 states. Red-courage; white-freedom; June 14-Flag Day老师要学生作美国地图，老师做PPT时打出美国地图，让学生找具体位置，设置问题： What do you know about the geography of the United States? What ocean lies on the east coast of the US?(The Atlantic ocean) What ocean lies on the west coast of the US?(The Pacific ocean) What country is to the north of the USA?(Canada) What country is to the south of the USA?(Mexico) Where is the California located? Whats the name of the mountain range in the west? What are the names of five Great Lake? Whats the name of the longest river in the USA? Can you name some of the important cities in the USA? Where is the California?让学生初步了解，同时引用了句型：Before we learn something about California, please look at the pictures in the reading passage and illustrates something about it. What do the pictures mean to you? (These pictures tell us about different things in different times. The first picture is about life of Native American Indians; the second picture shows a California gold miner around 1849; in the third picture is a traditional Chinese building in San Franciscos Chinatown.)然后引入课文：Now lets come to the text, its about California. This reading passage is organized into sections according to the place of origin of the settlers and the time of their arrival. Each section has a heading to help you organized your ideas. Please read the text quickly to find out when each wave of people arrived and why they come to California.提问： When did the first people arrive in California? When did the Europeans arrive and what happened to the Native Americans? What happened in 1821? Why did the United States declare war on Mexico in 1846? Why did people from other parts of the world rush to California in 1848? What happened to California in 1850?让学生阅读，并回答。难处老师展示： Why is California such a multicultural community? Because European, African, and Asian people have been moving into the state for the last 200 years. This mix of peoples with their own customs, culture and food has given California its multicultural flavor. What problems do you think might arise? Problems that might arise include intercultural rivalry or competition, discrimination, or misunderstanding. 老师总结： The state of California is a multicultural community because European, African, and Asian people have been moving into the state for the last 200 years. This mix of peoples with their own customs, culture and food has given California its multicultural flavor. Problems that might arise include intercultural rivalry or competition, discrimination, or misunderstanding. It is to the credit of Californians that such problems do not arise very often.引导学生重复一遍，布置成summary的形式，下节课提问，复习。第二课时：主要处理Reading部分课文中的语言知识点，完成Learning about language的教学内容。这节课主要做两件事：1）重点讲解California课文中出现的新的语言知识点和一些固定搭配的词组。2）完成Learning about language中的练习。教学目标：1）语言目标：掌握文中的生词和短语，复习巩固名词性从句的主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句。2）情感目标：了解California形成的历史，了解多元文化现象和多元文化特点。上之前检查学生对前一课的作业，听写单词：California, distinction, strait, means, majority, ministry, hardship, federal, percentage, boom, racial, aircraft, live on, by means of, make a life, keep up. 然后快速请学生回答summary, 回顾知识点。接着以PPT的形式处理高难度语言知识点，让学生翻译长，难句，理解，并分析语言结构。比如：1） Its also has the distinction of being most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world.（加州与众不同之处在于它是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。）这个句子中老师可以说：1）Whats the meaning of the word “distinction” in this sentence? It means difference; something different from another句中having attracted people from all over the world是现在分词的完成形式，在句中做状语。之所以用完成时，是因为它的行为发生在主语谓语动词之前。2）a. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. b. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.这两句中，宾语从句谓语介词后面。what引导的宾语从句是学生的薄弱环节，所以老师应在教是反复强调。这两个由what引导的从句分别做介词in和of的宾语：know sth. as和call sth. sth.。3） This is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.That/ This is why 是个固定句型，意为“这（那）就是为什么。的原因”。这个例子可以让学生做练习来加深影响，比如：She was ill yesterday that was why she didnt come to class.可以让学生翻译这个句子。比较that/this is because句型。如：She was absent from school; yesterday; thats because she was ill. That/This is why 是表示结果，而that/this is because 句型是表示原因的。另外还有一个句型The reason why/that is中that引导的表语从句表示原因。如：The reason why she was absent from school yesterday was that she was ill.4） The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. 距离最近因而来的最早的是南美洲人和美国人。句中to arrive是动词不定式作the nearest 和the first的定语。要求学生注意，序数词和最高级后面跟两种定语形式：一是由that引导的定语从句，且从句中动词多用完成时态；二是动词不定式。如：This is the most beautiful place that I have ever visited. He is always the first to arrive the office and the last to leave.5） it was the building of rail net work from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers of California on the 1860s.。但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。该句的核心句式是it was+ 被强调成分the building of +that其陈述句是：The building of the railway from the west to east coast brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. from to从。到。 Larger numbers of 大量的In the 1860s 在19世纪60 年代5） People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s,when they moved north from Mexico.非洲人从19世纪就在加尼福尼亚主下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。Have been living 是现在完成进行时态，表示一直持续不断的状态或重复发生的行为。 I have been teaching English for almost twenty years. 我教英语近二十年了。 Such strange things have been happening recently. 这种奇怪的事情最近一直发生。 I have been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。（仍在） I have been writing an article. 我已经写好了一篇文章。（已完成）讲完重点和难点之后，让学生划出书中其他句型：1） Its believed that 句型2） , having attracted people 现在分词完成时作状语3） it is likely that 句型4） in addition 词组5） die from the diseases brought the European 词组过去分词作定语6） live on 词组的用法7） by means of 词组的用法8） make a life词组的用法9） keep up 固定词组的用法10） be/become home to 词组 第三课时完成 Listening and speaking, reading comprehending. 本课的语言及技能目标：学生必须巩固所学词汇和短语，能听懂语音材料，进步了解加拿大的多元文化。能够熟练地叙述并回答相关问题。上课之前，老师引入：Now we are going to listen to a telephone conversation between George and his friend. George is on holiday in the United States, and he is touring around California. What do you guess he will tell his friend about?学生回答：.about a beautiful place in California; about some interesting things he came across when he traveled around; about the food he ate and people he met with; about Joshua Tree National Park. 老师接着提问; 1. Where did Georges tour start and in which direction has he been traveling? (he started in the northern of California, and he has been traveling south). 2. What surprised George about California? (the facts that not everyone is rich, not everyone lived on the coast, and the desert in California is not like the rest of the climate in California surprised him. 3. Why did George have the wrong idea about California before he went there? (he had watched many American movies). 4. Why ere there so many different kinds of music, foodandart in California? (many people from different places moves to California, they kept them up and so produced many large variety of food, music, customs, art, and cultural activities). 接下来让学生观察课本图片：Picture 1 an island (Angel Island); Picture 2 Fishermans Wharf; Picture 3 Chinatown; Picture 4 a road sign (blue and white road signs); Picture 5 Golden Gate Bridge; a cable car.接着老师介绍：This text is written in the form of a diary, this diary describes the first three days of George visit to San Francisco. so the language is inform and the writer uses the contractions and often leaves out some words so that it reads somewhat like note. A diary is not normally a public documents, and therefore it ia written to record events and feelings of the writer himself. so some diary writers writes in note form knowing they are the only ones who will read it.以此向学生介绍一些写日记的技巧。第四课时1.语言目标： 学生必须掌握课文新词汇的用法完成填空练习：翻译六个句子。能区分名词性次从句中主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句的不同。2.情感目标：学生欣赏Jazz乐,并感受其特殊文化，并涉及问题：1. What kind of music is it? 2. Have you heard of this kind of music before? Where? 3. Where did it originally come from? When did it begin? 4. What race and nationality first developed this kind of music? 5. Do you like this kind of music? Why or why not? 老师进行总结：Jazz is a kind of music which originated among black musician in southern US during the early part of the 20th century and is an important part of Americans musical and cultural heritage. It is also related to a large part of American history. Jazz is a blended several musical forms including the rhythms of Western African music. The three pictures tell us about a jazz funeral. In picture1, a coffin is carried by a horse-driven cart, and many people marching behind it. In picture 2, there is a brass band with some people blowing trumpets. In picture 3,many people are dancing in the street and some of them are holding umbrellas. This reading text is a brief biography of Louis Armstrong,considered by many to be the greatest jazz musician of all time .He was born into poverty in New Orleans and through his musicianship and personality became rich and famous. He starred in many Hollywood movies and became a goodwill ambassador for the US on his many trips overseas. He also spoke out in the fight of black Americans for civil rights. Thus, Louiss life can be viewed in conjunction with many of the major events and movements of American history in the first half of the 20th century. 第五课时完成的听了练习，巩固本单元出现的词汇和句型，学生掌握描写一个地方或城市的基本步骤; location, geographical features, climate, history, population, production, culture. 接下来让学生听短文: “Its in the far south of the United States, on the Mississippi River, about 160 kilometers from the Gulf of Mexico, (location)it can get quite hot and humid. But the evenings are us