2018·高三·第1期 阅读+七选五+完形+语法填空+短文改错假期练习.doc

2018高三第1期 阅读+七选五+完形+语法填空+短文改错 阅读Passage 1阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。While every parent wants to provide the best education for their children, not every parent has access to a quality school. In a perfect world every family would live in a neighborhood with an excellent public school or be able to afford to send their children to the private schoolthey choose that meets their needs. Unfortunately, we dont live in a perfect world and many parents, based on their zip code alone, must send their children to failing and underperforming schools.In 2004,while serving as a member of the Louisiana State Senate in New Orleans, myconstituentscalled begging me to do something to help their children. Many of the schools were failing academically and parents considered them unsafe. As a community, its critical we admit that not every school can meet the needs of each and every student. A school that is a perfect fit for one student could be a very poor match for another. Each student learns differently, has different needs, and each family has different values for their childrens education.In our communities we have many excellent schools of all types. We also have many programs and options in place that parents of all backgrounds can access. I am proud to have supported schoolchoice law, including the Student Scholarships for Educational Excellence Program in New Orleans in 2008, theprecursorof the Louisiana Scholarship Program.While charter schools and traditional directrun schools are the ones most often discussed, the Louisiana Scholarship Program provides parents an even greater option. Such a program provides an educational choice for parents they might not otherwise be able to make, providing the opportunity for a brighter future for their children.While there are many reasons and factors that go into a parents educational decision, the important thing is that parents are not limited to the choices which they are able to make so as not to limit the level of success their children can meet.1. The author doesnt think she is lucky _.A. because she cant earn a high salary every yearB. because she doesnt live in a world with quality schoolsC. because she cant afford an excellent schoolD. because she doesnt know if her child can do well2. Why did some constituents call the author?A. To improve the public school system.B. To take their kids away from the community.C. To help build a quality school for children.D. To get help for the low income families.3. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. many parents have no choice but feel helplessB. children had better have their suitable schoolsC. parents must take part in school systemsD. relative laws will be passed to protect schools4. What is about the Louisiana Scholarship Program?A. It is related to parents of all backgrounds.B. It is about how to help charter schools.C. It offers parents some help to make their decisions.D. It helps parents find the best schools.Word Bankconstituent n.选举者；选民precursor n.先驱，先锋答案速查14 BABC语篇解读为了孩子的未来，家长在选择孩子的学校时要考虑周全，作者就这个问题展开了讨论。答案解析1. B细节理解题。依据文章第一段的最后一句可知，作者没有生活在一个有高质量学校的完美世界，故选B项。2. A推理判断题。依据文章第二段的Many of the schools were failing academically and parents considered them unsafe.可知，这里的公立学校让家长担心，因此人们给作者打电话的目的是希望改进公立学校的制度。故选A项。3. B推理判断题。依据文章第二段的A school that is a perfect fit for one student could be a very poor match for another.可知，选择适合孩子的学校才是关键。故选B项。误解分析：该题容易错选C项。依据文章内容可知，选择适合孩子的学校，父母应积极参与，这并不是说让父母参与到教学体系中去。4. C细节理解题。依据文章倒数第二段的the Louisiana Scholarship Program provides parents an even greater option可知，路易斯安那州奖学金计划能帮助家长做出更好的选择。故选C项。难句分析原文Such a program provides an educational choice for parents they might not otherwise be able to make，providing the opportunity for a brighter future for their children.译文这样一个计划为父母提供了选择教育的机会，如果不是这个计划他们可能不能有机会为他们的孩子提供更美好的未来。分析这是一个复合句，they might not otherwise be able to make是省略了关系代词的定语从句，先行词为an educational choice；现在分词短语providing在句中作状语。Passage 2阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Supportive text messages can double the chance of someone successfully quitting smoking, according to UK researchers.The study, published in The Lancet, called for texts to be included in services to help people kick the habit.Other scientists said a text service could be offered globally.According to government statistics two-thirds of UK smokers say they want to stop.This study looked at 5,800 of them. Supportive texts were sent to 2,915 of the smokers for six months. The rest received only messages thanking them for taking part.They were sent five texts a day for the first five weeks and then three a week for the next 26 weeks.Participants could also text back for specific advice when they had strong desire or had begun to smoke again.Saliva tests for cotinine, which is made when nicotine is broken down by the body, were taken to determine if people had really given up.After six months, 10.7% of those receiving texts had quitdouble theproportionamong those doing it on their own.Dr Caroline Free, who led the txt2stop trial at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said: “Text messages are a very convenient way for smokers to receive support to quit.”“People described txt2stop as being like having a friend encouraging them or an angel on their shoulder.”“Ithelped people resist the temptation to smoke.”The World Health Organization says nearly six million die each year because of smoking, mostly in low-and middle-income countries.“The lessons learned from the txt2stop trial could. not only provide a new approach to stop in high-income and middle-income countries, but could also provide a useful starting point for implementingbehaviouralchange in resource-poor settings.”It has also been suggested similar text messages could be used to help people modify other behaviour.1. What can be the best title of the passage？A. Text Messages Help Smokers QuitB. How to Quit Smoking EffectivelyC. Smoking Is Very Harmful to HealthD. The Function of Text Messages2. How did the researchers judge if a participant had really given up？A. By sending text messages to the participant.B. By making saliva tests for cotinine.C. By observing the participant for five weeks.D. By making a questionnaire.3. The underlined “It” in the passage refers to _.A. a friendB. txt2stopC. an angelD. quitting smoking4.In which part of a website may the passage appear？A. Entertainment.B. Advertisement.C. Education.D. Health.Word Bankproportion n.比例behavioural adj.行为的答案速查14 ABBD语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国研究者的新的发现。也就是，通过发送鼓励性的短信息来帮助烟民们戒烟，并且效果很好。答案解析1. A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，根据英国的研究者们所言，支持性的短信息能加倍成功戒烟的机会。且接下来的文章中介绍了具体的研究过程及研究效果。故可知，A项正确。而B和D项范围太广，故排除；C项是正确的，但是并非文章的主题，故也排除。2. B细节理解题。根据第八段“Saliva tests for cotinine,.”可知，B项正确。而其他三项文中并未提及。3. B词义猜测题。根据上文的“People described txt2stop as being like.”可知，这里的“It”指的就是txt2stop。4. D推理判断题。因为文章是有关支持性的短信息帮助戒烟的，故可知，它很可能出现在网站上有关“健康”的部分。故选D项。而A意为“娱乐”；B意为“广告”；C意为“教育”。Passage 3根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。As we all know, good habits can make you a happier person. To get maximum happiness, start these habits now.Make time for stillness. Its known that noise is everywhere. 1 Silence is a preciouscommoditynowadays and more people are renting rooms by the hour to “get peace and quiet”.Send a weekly thank-you message. From Oprah to scientific researchers, it seems like everyones getting on the gratitude train. 2 Put your gratitude in writing. Maybe a text message or an email is all you can commit to. But the occasional handwritten thank-you note carries much weight. Whatever the medium, take a moment once per week to tell someone that you appreciate them. And dont be afraid to occasionally direct the note to yourself. 3 Reflect and write about the bad things once a month. We need to experienceadversityto grow, and without growth well have little long-term happiness. 4 A good way to make sense of adversity is bycraftinganarrativeand writing about it. Every month we experience challenges great and small. Set aside 30 minutes each month to retell the story of these difficulties in writing, giving yourself a blank page to explore how you feel about the hardships. 5 The only thing that makes us happier than healing our own adversity is attending to the suffering of others. Anyone who has volunteered will tell you that giving can benefit you a lot. Selflessness gives our life meaning and directions. Find a way to volunteer, and make it part of your habits.A. Now its your turn.B. Volunteer when you can.C. So you can write right now.D. But how do you grow from adversity?E. So shut off your phone.F. Finding quiet should be a daily priority and habitual practice.G. Being kind to ourselves is often the first step in showing kindness to others.Word Bankcommodity n.有用物品adversity n.逆境；不幸craft v.精心制作narrative n.叙述答案速查15 FAGDB篇章图解好习惯可以让你成为更快乐的人，那么哪些好习惯有助于你成为一个更快乐的人呢？本文作者对此进行了介绍。答案解析1. F因噪音无处不在，找到平静应该成为自己每天优先的习惯行为。故F项符合逻辑要求。2. A从主持人到科研工作者，似乎人人都登上了感激的列车，故A项（现在轮到你了）符合语境。3. G根据本段中心句和“每周花点时间去告诉某人你欣赏他。不要害怕偶尔给自己发一封感谢短信”可知，G项符合逻辑要求。4. D根据上下文可知，D项（但是你如何从逆境中成长呢）符合语境。5. B根据下文可知，B项（当你能做志愿者时就做志愿者）为本段的中心句。难句分析原文Anyone who has volunteered will tell you that giving can benefit you a lot.译文做过志愿者的任何人都会告诉你，给予能使你受益良多。分析who 引导一个定语从句，that引导一个宾语从句。答案还原As we all know, good habits can make you a happier person. To get maximum happiness, start these habits now.Make time for stillness. Its known that noise is everywhere.1 Finding quiet should be a daily priority and habitual practice.Silence is a precious commodity nowadays and more people are renting rooms by the hour to “get peace and quiet”.Send a weekly thank-you message. From Oprah to scientific researchers, it seems like everyones getting on the gratitude train.2 Now its your turn. Put your gratitude in writing.Maybe a text message or an email is all you can commit to. But the occasional handwritten thank-you note carries much weight. Whatever the medium, take a moment once per week to tell someone that you appreciate them. And dont be afraid to occasionally direct the note to yourself.3 Being kind to ourselves is often the first step in showing kindness to others.Reflect and write about the bad things once a month. We need to experience adversity to grow, and without growth well have little long-term happiness.4 But how do you grow from adversity?A good way to make sense of adversity is by crafting a narrative and writing about it. Every month we experience challenges great and small. Set aside 30 minutes each month to retell the story of these difficulties in writing, giving yourself a blank page to explore how you feel about the hardships.5 Volunteer when you can.The only thing that makes us happier than healing our own adversity is attending to the suffering of others. Anyone who has volunteered will tell you that giving can benefit you a lot. Selflessness gives our life meaning and directions. Find a way to volunteer, and make it part of your habits. Passage 4阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As an older sister, 17-year-old high school student, Parish is used to helping out.A family 1 prevented both Mom Curry and her husband from being able to 2 her 3-year-old son, James. So they asked Parish for 3 . They had never had Parish get him from school 4 that day. But it was an emergency. Later, Curry saw a picture online and 5 that Parish had taken him back to school. Little James quickly fell 6 in his big sisters arms at the high school.Parish didnt want to miss any work. 7 , the school didnt mind James being in class with his big sister. Her teacher 8 welcomed her little brother in. The teacher was verysupportiveand didnt mind him being in class at all. He was so 9 from his school that he slept most of the class. If he had become a 10 Parish would have taken him out 11 she didnt disturb the other students. She 12 an amazing school that clearly sees the 13 in family and education.She not only helped her family out but returned to her14 at school. Curry thought she could 15 to rest any worries she had had that the 14-year-age gap between Parish and James would 16 them from being close.“When I saw the 17 ,it made my heart want to explode. The tenderness in it is just the sweetest,” she said. “The fact that he is sleeping so comfortably on her in the middle of a classroom full of 18 tells me how much he 19 her. As a mom, it makes me so thankful that they have this kind of 20 , and I pray it will always stay this way.”1. A.emergencyB.reunionC.feastD.celebration2. A.take onB.hunt forC.pick upD.meet with3. A.quarrelB.helpC.possessionD.commitment4. A.less thanB.more thanC.rather thanD.other than5. A.realizedB.expectedC.guessedD.imagined6. A.asleepB.hungryC.busyD.troublesome7. A.InterestinglyB.FortunatelyC.ObviouslyD.Hopefully8. A.surprisinglyB.eventuallyC.gentlyD.gladly9. A.doubtedB.ashamedC.tiredD.worried10. A.difficultyB.problemC.choiceD.goal11. A.as ifB.even if C.so thatD.now that12. A.runsB.finishes C.buildsD.attends13. A.valueB.partC.viewD.standard14. A.abilityB.responsibility C.courageD.excuse15. A.agreeB.leaveC.needD.put16. A.protectB.keepC.forbidD.ban17. A.schoolB.background C.pictureD.video18. A.teachersB.children C.teenagersD.adults19. A.trustsB.forces C.respectsD.governs20. A.gapB.agreement C.friendshipD.relationshipWord Banksupportive adj.支持的答案速查15 ACBDA610 ABDCB1115 CDABD1620 BCCAD语篇解读因为紧急状况，妈妈只好请求自己17岁，正在读高中的女儿去幼儿园接3岁的儿子，后来从网站的照片上发现姐姐将弟弟照顾得很好，妈妈原有的顾虑都打消了。答案解析1. A根据下文But it was an emergency.可知，之所以要女儿去接，是因为家里出了“紧急状况(emergency)”。故选A。2. C pick up接人，符合语境。take on呈现；雇用；hunt for寻找；meet with会晤。故选C。3. B父母请求她的帮助。故选B。4. D根据“But it was an emergency.”可知“除以外(other than)”符合语境。故选D。5. A从下文的描述可知，根据网上的照片可以肯定，Parish接到了自己的弟弟。故选A。6. A根据第三段slept most of the class可知，James在姐姐怀抱里睡着了。故选A。7. B“幸运的是(fortunately)”，学校不介意。故选B。8. D根据上一句可知，学校不介意，而且老师还“高兴地(gladly)”欢迎弟弟的到来。故选D。误解分析：本题易误选A，文章没有线索表明，老师不会欢迎孩子的到来，所以老师的欢迎并不能说是出乎意料的。9. C对于3岁的小孩子来说，很快就睡着了而且一直在睡，可能确实是“疲劳(tired)”了。故选C。10. B如果弟弟吵闹的话，姐姐就只好不上课了，把他带出去。故选B。11. C这样做的目的就是不打扰其他同学上课。故选C。12. Dattend a school上学。故选D。13. A根据该段的内容可知，这所学校很显然是非常看重家庭和教育的“价值(value)”的。故选A。14. BParish不仅在紧急状况下帮助了家庭，也尽到了在学校作为一个学生的“责任(responsibility)”。故选B。15. Dput to rest any worries放下包袱。故选D。16. B妈妈一直担心，14岁的年龄差会让姐弟俩不那么亲密，现在这种担心就没有了。误解分析：本题易误选C或D，forbid/ban.from doing意为“禁止做某事”，这个年龄差不能“禁止”，只能是“阻止”姐弟俩的亲密关系。故选B。17. C妈妈看到的是网上的图片，故选C。18. C弟弟是在课堂上睡着的，姐姐是17岁的高中生。故选C。19. A在满是青少年学生的教室里，在姐姐的怀中睡着，说明弟弟非常“信任(trust)”姐姐。故选A。20. D作为一名母亲，看到姐弟俩能有这样的“关系(relationship)”，感到欣慰。故选D。误解分析：本题易受上文中的gap影响而误选A。妈妈感激的不应该是他们之间的隔阂，而应该是这种关系。答案还原As an older sister, 17-year-old high school student, Parish is used to helping out.A family1 emergencyprevented both Mom Curry and her husband from being able to2 pick upher 3-year-old son, James. So they asked Parish for3 help. They had never had Parish get him from school4 other thanthat day. But it was an emergency. Later, Curry saw a picture online and5 realizedthat Parish had taken him back to school. Little James quickly fell6 asleepin his big sisters arms at the high school.Parish didnt want to miss any work.7 Fortunately, the school didnt mind James being in class with his big sister. Her teacher8 gladlywelcomed her little brother in. The teacher was very supportive and didnt mind him being in class at all. He was so9 tiredfrom his school that he slept most of the class. If he had become a10 problemParish would have taken him out11 sothat she didnt disturb the other students. She12 attendsan amazing school that clearly sees the13 valuein family and education.She not only helped her family out but returned to her14 responsibilityat school. Curry thought she could15 putto rest any worries she had had that the 14-year-age gap between Parish and James would16 keepthem from being close.“When I saw the17 picture, it made my heart want to explode. The tenderness in it is just the sweetest,” she said. “The fact that he is sleeping so comfortably on her in the middle of a classroom full of18 teenagerstells me how much he19 trustsher. As a mom, it makes me so thankful that they have this kind of20 relationship, and I pray it will always stay this way.”Passage 5When I was a boy I didnt have a smartphone or home computer, and our 13-foot television could only get one channel 1 (clear). Yet, I was never bored. When spring arrived I would pull out my trusty bike and ride. I would pedal for hours, feel the wind 2 my face and laugh with joy as I rode down the hills. When summer came I would find myself 3 (swim)every day at the local pool or the river down the hill from my home. 4 it was fall and the leaves fell we would rake them into huge golden and red piles 5 (jump)in. The first snows of winter didnt stop the fun either. My brothers and I would have snowball fights and hike into 6 woods to cut down our Chris