Lesson-15-Oily-Water-Separator.doc

Lesson 15 Oily Water Separator第15课 油水分离器1. Oily water separators are necessary aboard vessels to prevent the discharge of oil overboard mainly when pumping out bilges. They also find service when deballasting or when cleaning oil tanks. The requirement to fit such devices is the result of international legislation. Legislation was needed because free oil and oily emulsions discharged in a waterway can interfere with natural processes such as photosynthesis and re-aeration, and induce the destruction of the algae and plankton so essential to fish life. Inshore discharge of oil can cause damage to bird life and mass pollution of beaches. For this purpose oily water separators have become compulsory on all types of ocean going ships. According to one of the annexure of MARPOL, water that has to be discharged should contain less than 15 ppm of oil.1.油水分离器在船上是很有必要的，可以防止向海里排放油类，特别是在排放舱底水的时候。在排放压载水或清洗油舱的时候也可以使用油水分离器。国际公约要求安装这类装置。在这方面需要有立法，因为游离的油和油类乳化物排放到航道会干扰一些自然过程，例如光合作用和再充气，对藻类和浮游生物造成破坏，而这些是鱼类基本的食物保证。在近海排放油类会破坏鸟类生活，并且给岸边带来严重污染。因为这个原因，油水分离器被强制安装在所有种类的远洋船舶上。根据国际防止船舶造成污染公约附则的规定，排出的水中含油量不得超过15 ppm.2. Now we will learn about the working of one type of oily water separators.2.现在我们将了解一种油水分离器的工作过程。3. Heishin oily water separators (OWS), model HSN-F, are approved under the terms of IMO Resolution MEPC 60(33) for 15 ppm criteria, by various Governments and have been issued with type-approval certificates. HSN-F separators have two independent chambers which are inter-connected, a common bed, a water passage pipe and an oil discharge pipe.3.以HSN-F型为代表的Heishin油水分离器，被国际海事组织批准符合海洋环境保护委员会60(33)决议中15 ppm的标准。HSN-F型油水分离器有两个独立的腔室，它们在内部通过水管和排油管相连，并且有共同的底座。1st Chamber第一腔室4. Rough separation of oil from bilge water in the 1st chamber is dependent upon the specific gravity (relative density) of the oil being separated. The separation is achieved by using multiple parallel plates which are housed in the separating compartment in three layers. Therefore, they are capable of dealing with bilge water mixed with high density fuel oil and particles of oil which are larger than 60 microns in size.4.在第一腔室(粗分离室)对舱底水的油类进行粗分离，这取决于被分离油类的比重。这种分离通过使用多层平行的分离盘实现，这些分离盘容纳在三层的分离腔室中。因此，它们能够处理混有高密度燃油和大于60微米的油类颗粒的舱底水(见图15-I).2nd Chamber第二腔室5. The 2nd chamber contains a coalescer which allows small particles of oil to coagulate and become bigger in size and thereby float to the surface.5.第二腔室包含一个凝聚过滤器。它使得小颗粒的油粒聚合尺寸变大，从而漂浮到水面上。6. Heishins coalescers are made of 18-8 stainless steel and heat/corrosion resistant glass fibre and are capable of separating oil of 15-20 microns particles. If maintained properly, it is not necessary to replace these coalescers as often as compared with other types of OWS which use fine filter elements. Moreover, if contaminated, they can be easily restored by washing with steam or hot water.6 Heishin的凝聚过滤器是由18-8号不锈钢和耐热抗腐蚀玻璃纤维制成，能够分离15-20微米大小的油类颗粒。如果维护良好的话，没有必要像其他使用细过滤元件类型的油水分离器那样去替换这些凝聚过滤器。并且，如果脏污了，它们可以很容易地用蒸汽或热水冲刷干净(见图15-2 )。Pipe Between the 1st and the 2nd Chamber介于第一腔室和第二腔室之间的管道7. The connecting pipe between the 1st and the 2nd chamber allows the passage of bilge water from the 1st chamber to the 2nd chamber. A T-shaped strainer and a non-return valve is fitted to this pipe.7.介于第一腔室和第二腔室之间的连接管使舱底水从第一腔室流到第二腔室。一个T型过滤器和止回阀安装在这根管子上。 T-shape Strainer T型粗滤器8. The T-shape strainer of a self-cleaning type is provided to arrest any sludge and foreign matters which escape separation in the 1st chamber in order to protect the coalescer element. The element inside of the strainer is made of stainless steel with 50 mesh/inch.8.有自洁功能的T型滤器可以收集残渣和杂质用来保护凝聚过滤器的芯件，这些残渣和杂质是从第一腔室中泄漏出来的。粗滤器内部的元件是由50目/英寸的不锈钢制作而成。Oil Discharge Pipe排油管9. Each oil discharge pipe from both the 1st chamber and the 2nd chamber is fitted with valves (a solenoid valve for the 1st chamber and a globe valve for the 2nd chamber). These pipes join together to form a single oil outlet.9.从第一腔室和第二腔室引出的排油管上都装有阀件(第一腔室是电磁阀，第二腔室是球阀)。这些管道汇集在一起形成一个单一的油出口。Automatic Oil Discharge Device自动排油装置10. An automatic oil discharge device is fitted for oil discharge from the 1st chamber.10.安装了一个自动排油装置从第一腔室排油。11. The automatic oil discharge device is composed of an oil level detecting probe and a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is of the direct drive type and is provided with a Y-shape strainer (stainless steel 20 mesh/inch) to protect the valve seat.11. 自动排油装置由一个油位检测探头和电磁阀组成。电磁阀是直接驱动类型并且装有一个Y-型过滤器(不锈钢20目/英寸)以保护阀座。Oil Level Detector油位探针12. The oil level detector (detecting probe) is provided in the 2nd chamber to activate “alarm” when the oil/water interface reaches the detector level. This detector works in the same principle as that of the oil level probe.12.油位探针安装在第二腔室，当油水混合物的分界面达到油位探针高度时会发出警报。这个探针的工作原理跟油位检测探头一样。Heating Equipment加热装置13. Our HSN oily water separators are provided with steam heaters to heat up separated oil when it is high viscosity and relative density oil.13.我们的HSN油水分离器装有蒸汽加热器，当要分离的油钻度和相对密度太高时可以加热。B. Multiple Choice选择题Questions 1-2 are based on paragraph 1. 根据课文第1段回答问题1-201. The oily water separators perform functions except_.1.除了_，油水分离器起作用。答案:CA. when pumping out bilges排舱底水时B. when cleaning oil tanks清洗油舱时C. when ballasting加压载水时D. when deballasting排压载水时2. According to MARPOL convention, water that has to be discharged should contain less than _ppm of oil.2.根据MARPOL公约，排出的水中含油不超过_ppm答案.DA. 100B. 60C. 12D. 10Questions 3-14 are based on paragraphs 2-13. 根据课文第2-13段回答问题3-14.3. Heishin oily water separator, model HSN-F is composed of the following components except_.3.以HSN-F型为代表的Heishin油水分离器，由下列部件组成除了_。答案;AA. fine filter element细过滤元件B. heating equipment加热设备C. automatic oil discharge device自动排油装置D. oil level detector油位探测器4. Rough separation of oil from bilge water in the 1st chamber is achieved by using_.4.舱底水在一级腔室中油的粗分离通过_实现。答案:BA. single parallel plates单层平行分离盘B. multiple parallel plates多层平行分离盘C. multiple series plates多层串联分离盘D. single vertical plates单层垂直分离盘5. The function of coalescer in the 2nd chamber is to_5.第二级腔室中的凝聚过滤器的功能是_。答案AA. allow small particles of oil to coagulate使小油粒凝聚B. allow larger particles of oil to escape使大油粒溢出C. prevent clogged strainer .防止粗滤器堵塞D. prevent the damage of fine filter防止细滤器损坏6. If the coalescer in the 2nd chamber is contaminated, what should you do? 如果二级腔室中的凝聚过滤器脏污了，你该怎么做?答案;CA. To replace it with the stand-by. 更换备用件B. To wash it by special cleaner. 用特殊洗涤剂清洗它C To restore it by washing with steam or hot water. 用蒸汽或热水冲刷D. To wash it by paraffin. 用石蜡清洗。7. The separation function in the 1st chamber is dealing with bilge water mixed with_一级腔室的分离作用是处理_舱底水。答案AA. high density fuel oil and particles of oil which are larger than 60 microns in size高密度燃油和大于60微米的油类颗粒B. high density fuel oil and particles of oil which are smaller than 60 microns in size 高密度燃油和小于60 微米的油类颗粒C. oil of 15 -20 microns particles only.介于15 -20微米的油粒D. low density fuel oil equals with water与水相同的低密度燃油8. The coalescers in the 2nd chamber are made of_二级腔室中的凝聚过滤器由_制成。答案DA. 18-8 stainless steel only18-8号不锈钢B. 18-8 stainless steel and heat resistant glass fibre18-8号不锈钢和耐热玻璃纤维C. 18-8 stain steel and corrosion resistant glass fibre18-8号不锈钢和抗腐蚀玻璃纤维D. 18-8 stainless steel and heat/corrosion resistant glass fibre18-8号不锈钢和耐热抗腐蚀玻璃纤维9. Some components are fitted between 1st and 2nd chamber, they are the following except_.介于一级和二级腔室之间有一些部件，除了_以下都是。答案.BA. the connecting pipe连接管B. coalescer凝聚过滤器C. the self-clearing T-shape strainer T型自清滤器D the non-return valve. 止回阀10 Which of the following statements is not true concerning the oil discharge pipe?下列关于排油管的叙述哪一项是不正确的?答案.DA. A solenoid valve is fitted in the 1st chamber to discharge oil from the 1st chamber. 第一腔室装有电磁阀来向外排油B. A globe valve is fitted in the 2nd chamber to discharge oil from the 2nd chamber.第二腔室装有球阀来向外排油C. The two oil discharge pipes from the two chambers join together to form a single oil outlet. 第一腔室和第二腔室引出的排油管汇集在一起形成一个单一的油出口。D. The two oil discharge pipes from the two chambers form two separate oil outlets. 第一腔室和第二腔室引出的排油管、形成独立的油出口。11. What will happen if the oil/water interface reaches the oil level probe? 如果油水界面达到油位探测器将会发生什么?答素:BA. The cut-out of the device will be checked immediately. 设备停止，立即检查。B. Activate alarm. 产生报警C. Activate automatic oil discharge process. 启动自动排油过程D. Nothing. 什么都不会发生12. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?根据文章，下列哪项叙述是正确的?答素:CA. The element inside of the T-shape strainer is made of stainless steel with 20 mesh/inch. T型粗滤器内部的元件是由20目/英寸的不锈钢制作而成B. The element inside of the Y-shape strainer is made of stainless steel with 50 mesh/inch. Y型粗滤器内部的元件是由50目/英寸的不锈钢制作而成C. The element inside of the T-shape strainer is made of stainless steel with 50 mesh/inch T型粗滤器内部的元件是由50目/英寸的不锈钢制作而成.D. The element inside of the A-shape strainer is made of stainless steel with 20 mesh/inchA型粗滤器内部的元件是由20目/英寸的不锈钢制作而成。.Task 2 Vocabulary and Structure任务2词汇与结构A. Technical Terms.专业术语Translate the following into Chinese. 将下列词组译成汉语。1. oily water separator油水分离器2. oily emulsion油乳化3. photosynthesis光合作用4. re-aeration再充气5. mass pollution严重污染6. high density fuel oil高密度燃油7. glass fibre玻璃纤维8. fine filter element细滤器元件9. connecting pipe连接管10. T-shaped strainer T型粗滤器11. no