介绍孔子英文演讲.ppt

confucius Confucius bornKongQiu styledZhongNi wasborninthevillageofZouinthecountryofLuin551B C apoordescendantofadeposednoblefamily descendant son grandson great grandsonetc deposed sb beforcedtogiveuphispoliticalposition AsConfuciuswasugly hisfatherlefthiminthiscavewhenhewasborn Confucius Life Asachild heheldmake believetemplerituals asayoungadult hequicklyearneda forfairness politenessandloveoflearning andhewasreputedtobequitetall Hetraveledextensivelyandstudiedattheimperialcapital Zhou whereheissaidtohavemetandspokewithLaoZi thefounderofDaoism make believe pretendritualn ceremonyimperialadj royalextensively wideA reputation common B renown thestrongesttone UponhisreturntoLu hegainedrenownasateacher butwhenhewas35 DukeZhaoofLuledhiscountrytowar frequentlycomingtohimforadvice WhenothernoblesbeganplottingagainstConfucius position DukeZhaorefusedtointervene andConfuciusreturnedtoLu Butconditionstherewerenobetterthanbefore andConfuciusretiredfrompubliclifetoconcentrateonteachingandstudying Plotvi discusssecretlyIntervene stopthisact Atage50 hewasapproachedbytheBaronofQitohelpdefendagainstarebellion buthedeclined HewaslaterpromotedbynewDukeofLuseveraltimes eventuallybecomingChiefMinisterofLu Rebellion violentactionbysomepeoplewhotrytochangeacountry spoliticalsystem promote sb begivenabetterjobandhigherposition Guessthemeaningofdecline ConfuciusspentthenextfiveyearswanderingChinawithhisdisciples findingthathispresenceatroyalcourtswasrarelytoleratedforlongbeforenobleswouldbeginplottingtodrivehimoutorhavehimkilled Disciple student believer Afterfurtherwanderings heeventuallyreturnedtoLuatage67 Althoughhewaswelcomedthereandchosetoremain hewasnotofferedpublicofficeagain nordidheseekit Insteadhespenttherestofhisyearsteachingand finally writing Hediedat72 Confucius Thoughts Humaneness Etiquette Wisdom filialpiety Loyalty Trust Justice FromTheAnalects 论语 wefindConfucius centralbeliefisthatofthevirtueofren Renisrenderedashumaneness ThesimplestexplanationConfuciusgavetohisdisciplesforthistermwas Toloveothers Virtue goodqualityorwayofbehaving Confucius Sayings Theywhoknowthetrutharenotequaltothosewholoveit andtheywholoveitarenotequaltothosewhodelightinit 知之者不如好之者 好之者不如乐之者 Hewasofanactivenatureandyetfondoflearning andhewasnotashamedtoaskandlearnofhisinferiors 敏而好学 不耻下问 Nottomendthefaultonehasmadeistoerrindeed 过而不改 是谓过矣 Thewisefindpleasureinwater thevirtuousfindpleasureinhills Thewiseareactive thevirtuousaretranquil Thewisearejoyful th