英语人教版七年级下册同义词辨析.doc

同义词辨析故城运河中学周俊艳教学目标：学习三组同义词的辨析1. spend, take, pay, cost 2.another, other, the other, the others, others, else 3. a litter, litter, a few, few短语：1,spendon spend .(in)doing pay for . it takes sb sometime to do sth.2, one the other. some. others. What else 教学重难点：三组词的理解与运用。学生要在三组词的理解透彻的基础上，在练习中加以巩固。一、spend , take, pay, cost 都意为“花费”，但用法不同。spend 的主语为人 “人+spend+时间/金钱+on sth.”表示“某人在某物上花费时间/金钱”。He spent fifty dollars on these books.“人+spend +时间/金钱+（in）doing sth,”表示“某人花时间/金钱做某事”。I spend two days (in) reading the books.pay的主语为人“人+pay+金钱+for sth.”“表示某人支付多少钱买某物”。She paid twenty yuan for the book.她支付了20元钱买这本书。cost的主语为物或某事“物+cost+人+金钱”表示“某物花了某人多少钱”。The book cost her twenty yuan.这本书花了她20元钱。take 带两个双宾语It takes sb. Some time to do sth.=sb. Spend some time （in ）doing sth.表示“做某事花了某人多长时间”。It took me seven days to finish the task.=I spend seven days finishing the task.Exercise1.Im interested in animals, so I _every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. pay B cost C take D spend 2.They spend too much time_ the report.A. writing B to write C write D on writing3.How much the pen _ you?A pay B cost C take Dspend4.Will you please_ for my dinner ,peter?A spend B take C pay D cost5. It will_ me too much time to read this book.A. take B spend C cost D payI spent two hours solving these problems.(同义句）_ _ _ two hours _ _ these problems.He spends fourteen yuan on the book.(同义句）He _ fourteen yuan _ the book.The book _ him fourteen yuan.二、another、 other 、 others 、 the other 、 the others 、 else 的区分1.another泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个,既可作代词又可作形容词其后可加可数名词单数，后与数词+可数名词复数连用。做代词时如：I have finished this book, please give me another.做形容词：I will be back in another ten days.(ten more days)2.other其他的,另外的,泛指另一个另一些.作定语时,常与可数名词复数连用,如I can see some other boys,但如果前面有any,each,every及形容词性物主代词时,可与可数名词单数连用,如 Its like any other day. 3.others泛指别的,其他人. 剩余的另一些（并非全部）作代词用。相当于other加可数名词复数，常用句型 someothers 如：a lot of people are in the park, some are singing, others are dancing.4.the other可作代词也可作形容词,表（两者中的）另一个,常用于one.the other.的句型中,如She has two children, one is a boy, the other is a girl.5.the others特指某一范围内“剩余的全部的人或物”,只作代词用,相当于the other 加可数名词复数,如 There are 20 students in the classrooms. 15 of them are boys, the others are girls. (the other students are girls).6、else 作形容词时可以修饰不定代词和疑问代词；作副词时，可修饰疑问副词，else要位于这些词后做后置定语。如：something else, what else, someone else, where else.Exercise1.If you prefer the red evening dress, you will have to pay _ 30 dollars, because it is made of silk.A other B the other C more D another2.News Zealand only has two islands. One is North Island, _ is South Island.A other B the other C another 3.There are some students in the classroom, some are doing homework,_ are talking in English.A other B the other C others D the others4.What _ colors does he like?A others B other C else D the other5. Who _ can you see?A other B else C others D the other三、little和a little修饰不可数名词 few和a few修饰可数名词 a few / a little 为肯定含义,还有一点 few / little 为否定含义,几乎没有.He has a few friends.他有几个朋友.He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友.We still have a little time.我们还有点时间.There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了.注意两者比较级和最高级的用法及区别：little的比较级和最高级分别为less和least，few的比较级和最高级分别为fewer和fewest。Exercise1. Mary has made a lot of kites, but _ can fly in the sky.A . little B. a little C. few D. a few2.There is _ milk in the fridge, so we ll go to the supermarket an