项目管理毕业论文任务书.doc

毕业设计（论文）任务书助学单位：大连东软信息学院继续教育学院 专业：项目管理 姓名：曹钲东毕业设计（论文）题目：IT项目风险管理及案例研究设计（论文）的基本内容： 第1章 绪 论第2章 IT项目风险管理第三章IT项目风险管理的基本流程第4章 IT项目风险应对第五章 案例分析指导教师签字：助学单位负责人： 年 月 日 大连东软信息学院高等教育自学考试 毕业设计（论文）开题报告姓 名： 曹钲东 专 业： 项目管理 准考证号： 140112200241 助学单位： 大连东软信息学院继续教育学院 指导教师： 大连东软信息学院Dalian Neusoft Institute of Information大连东软信息学院高等教育自学考试本科毕业设计（论文） 毕业设计（论文）开题报告论文题目IT项目风险管理及案例研究选题的背景、目的和意义选题背景 ： 在西方发达国家,项目管理从20世纪50年代开始兴起并逐步发展成为一个内容广泛、方法科学和体系完整的应用领域。无论是在国内还是国外,项目管理的学科、技术和应用的普及与发展已经进入了一个飞速发展的时代。 项目管理具有九大知识领域,而其中的风险节理是项目管理中不可或缺的组成部分。项目风险管理是指各行为主体通过对某一项目运作过程中将要遇到的风险事件进行识别、衡量、分析,在此墓础上制订出适宜的防范控制措施,用合理的手段综合处理风险,以最大限度地实现项口实施的既定目标的科学管理过程。伴随着信息技术(Information Technology,简称IT)的快速发展和信息时代的到来,IT项目管理己经到了一个全新的应用高度。自从1998年以来，我国同期信息产业的增长速度均快于GDP增长速度，在信息化建设方面，我国十五期间的计划投资已达到4万亿元人民币，截止到目前为止我国信息产业规模约为国民生产总值的八分之一，已经达到1万亿元的规模，信息产业的一个庞大的市场已经逐步形成。信息产业已然成为国民经济支柱的重要产业。企业对IT应用正由被动接受转变为主动需求，其中在珠三角、长三角等经济发达地区的企业对信息技术的需求表现尤为明显。选题目的：在 IT 项目开发过程中，一个成功的风险管理可以防止和减少项目中潜在问题的影响并能带来可观的效益，是化解和处理风险的有效方法。在整个 IT 项目生命周期内，探讨在应对风险和防范风险之间达到一种稳定平衡关系；即当风险还未来临时，通过风险管理帮助企业采用科学的分析和方法，以减少风险发生的概率或进行风险转移，尽量减少风险造成的损失；当风险发生时，风险管理可以通过科学的管理机制和管理方法做出快速反应，从而降低了风险对项目所形成的影响。选题意义：所有投资活动都会有风险，但比起传统的项目管理来说，IT 项目的风险更高。大部分人认为传统项目风险采取相应的管理方法可以有效的降低，比如建筑工程类项目，同时他们相应的认为 IT 项目也可以采取相应的办法来降低风险，但由于 IT 项目本身的特殊性，使得传统的项目风险控制方法显得捉襟见肘，必须对原有的方法改进才能适应目前的 IT 项目管理。同时我们也可以看出，IT 项目风险所带来的浪费是非常惊人的，那怕只降低 1%所带来的效益也是非常可观的。应用原理和理论依据 伴随着信息技术的快速发展和信息时代的到来，IT项目管理已经到了一个全新的应用高度。IT项目属于软件密集项目，项目的目的在于开发出高效的信息管理系统，从而降低现实世界的不确定性。但是，项目自身的发展却充满了许多的不确定性，单纯信息技术的发展不但没有减弱，反而还助长了这一现象，特别是随着应用的广泛深入及项目规模增大，这种现象愈加突出。因此IT项目中的风险管理就愈重要。毕业设计（论文）开题报告方案论证分析 本文通过对风险管理中存在的问题进于了理论分析和实证研究，成功地将风险管理的方法融入到IT项目管理中，按照风险管理、风险管理的基本流程、风险应对以的逻辑顺序操作IT项目。选题特色和预期成果选题特色：1. 总结了IT项目风险管理具有的项目风险管理及软件开发的双面特征,旨在挖掘IT项目风险管理的独特规律。2. 采用事故树方法,使风险识别变得简单易行,有利于发现项目中存在的关键问题。3.通过对某公司的事例实证，具体讲解了IT项目风险管理的应用步骤，以本身的实战经验，挖掘IT项目风险管理的内在规律。预期成果： IT项目风险管理的意义在于,为了使IT项目能够按照预定的成本、进度和质量顺利地完成,对成本、人员、进度和质量等进行风险分析和管理。增强IT项目管理人员的项目风险意识,真正的区分项目实施和项目管理的工作任务。并旨在解决国内的IT项目风险管理方面的诸多弊病:缺乏项目管理意识、没有精确的项目成本基础、缺乏专业服务组织、项目计划性差、项目风险意识淡薄、业务参与意识薄弱。毕业设计（论文）开题报告 工作进度计划 2013年1月20号-2013年2月1日 搜集整理文献资料 2013年2月2号-2013年2月10日 完成论文提纲 2013年2月11日-2013年2月21日 提交论文中期书写检查表 2013年2月22日-2013年3月1日 定稿 2013年3月2日-2013年3月5日 打印装订论文主要参考文献1 李辉，张爽.IT项目管理者行为风险的四种情形及其应对研究J， 现代制造工程，2008（3）：1216.2 王琳.IT项目风险管理分析J，现代商贸工业，2009（22）.3 李瑛.IT项目管理中的风险认识J，科技资讯，2009（31）：142.4 陈鑫铭，文宁.IT项目管理中的风险研究J，中国集体经济，2008（16）.5 欧阳明.IT项目中的风险管理研究J，工会博览，2009（5）：50.6 胥琳，黄洪.软件项目的风险评价模型，计算机工程与应用，2004，(13)：227229.7 陈忠.软件项目的风险管理J，经济与社会发展，2004,2(12).8 曹光松.软件项目的风险管理J，计算机时代，2005(6).9 方德英，李敏强.IT 项目风险管理理论体系构建J，合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)，2003，26(S1)：907911.10 张珞玲，李师贤.软件项目风险管理方法比较和研究J，计算机工程，2003，29(3)：9194.11 黄梯云.管理信息系统(第二版)，北京：高等教育出版社， 1999.12 左美云, 邝孔武.信息系统的开发与管理教程，北京：清华大学出版社, 2001/7.13 周伦钢，吴建军.IT 软件开发项目管理探讨，郑州大学学报(工学版)，2003,24(4)大连东软信息学院高等教育自学考试毕业设计（论文）外文资料及译文姓 名 ： 曹钲东 准考证号 ： 140112200241 专 业 ： 项目管理 助学单位 ： 大连东软信息学院继续教育学院 大连东软信息学院 Dalian Neusoft Institute of InformationResearch of ITSM Project Risk ManagementIn recent years it has become increasingly recognized that information is the most important strategic resource that any organization has to manage.Key to the collection,analysis,Production and distribution of information within an organization is the quality of the Information Technology(IT)systems and IT services Provided to the business.It is essential that we recognize that IT systems are crucial ,strategic,organization assets and therefore organizations must invest appropriate levels of resource into the support, delivery and management of these critical IT services and the IT systems that underpin them.Many advanced enterprises like Banks or Telecom company had built IT Service Management (ITSM) System.As the rapid development of the information technology，more and more multi-purpose and complex IT projects have come out. For one thing，these projects need longer time to develop，more advanced technique，more investment，and highly complexity，so project risk management is difficult.For another，IT application is a complex project involving many aspects including enterprise of business，technology，project management，etc. As for the project control method and system development method，they have firm conformation，however，because of the complexity of the real world，environmental change and particularity of IT projects，risk and change are ubiquitous in IT project. For these reasons，this paper explores the risk management for IT project research direction，and discusses how to systematically proceed effective IT project risk management.These years，by technologys introducing,learning and studying，we are not behind in technology but our enterprise is laek of these scientific Project management guidance，and the risk awareness is weak，this greatly hindered the development of our business.Therefore，the Project risk management research and application to become an urgent need to solve current problems.However，put ITSM into Practice ,it is are volution of IT management,Involve the exterior and interior environment of the IT Service ,and affect the IT Service work of each level.So,this makes IT Service organization meet many problems. In the current environment of eagerness and uneasiness,an organization can hardly make the right decision and choice in reasonable manner to implement ITSM. This often affect to a large degree the success restrict the popularization of ITSM.How to implement ITSM successfully has been a problem for organization that takes ITSM.This makes there search to risk management in ITSM,application seem to be increasingly important. From microscopic perspective ITSM system is one of the enterprises a number of working system, supporting the work of the enterprise system, to get to IT service target, ITSM system dependent on modern information technology, IT services organization in the modern information technology environment, based on modern information technology infrastructure, formulating and implementing strategy, based on modern information technology in the dynamic of ITSM system, the dynamic model of the ITSM system mainly embodied in the general law of reform and innovation, the fusion and integration problems, the risk of ITSM is not exist in a factor, but a work system internal mechanism and the working environment in the working process of a kind of uncertainty, for the working system of a certain elements, the risk is to improve the degree of maturity or said, the risk between elements embodied in the ITSM system and other work and enterprise system consistency, collaborative and matching the maturity said work ability index of the system model of a single component, whether can in other resources effective support system, the efficient and effective to forecast the cost and time to finish work assigned by the system. Elements of the mature individuals do not automatically ITSM system composition and running. But the individual elements is not mature, which may lead to inconsistent system, collaborative, or dont match. System overall maturity are elements in mature, on the basis of the coordination between system elements, consistent, and the matching conditions. First is the consistency in the ITSM system, solve the system of cooperation(different roles to share common goals) problem; System is organic structure rationality, by matching between elements; Collaboration(mutual supervision between different roles and promoting) and competition(a role for, mean the loss of another role) have their own different connotation, but inevitably contain among them the interdependence between activities of management, namely the collaborative system. Size and size match between system elements and in the same direction is necessary, the system under the condition of the system and not initiative to accomplish, cant guarantee system smooth running. Mutual dependency management system needs to be coordinated to achieve system work under the smallest resistance.The synergistic effect of ITSM system refers to the mutual cooperation of ITSM system internal elements, effective support each other. Only meet each other contact between the system elements flow channel, to function properly and achieve their goals. Synergy is the interdependence between activities management, if there is no depend on each other, you cant have together. Organization theory has emphasized the importance of dependency for a long time. Any work systematically there are dependencies between system elements, and need a mechanism to make the system run together. And any work system and other subsystems work systems, as a factor a superior system, and other subsystems constitute dependencies and synergy. Afterwards, the risk management process, emphasized how the risk after risk loss caused by reduced. Risk monitoring according to the project state information and status indicators of risk value judgment, whether to trigger the trigger condition, if the trigger condition, the trigger is activated, entering the risk response, risk according to risk response to dealing with. And after the disposal of the risk state of the tracking monitoring, determine whether the risk index fell to a safe state. If fall back to a safe state, one end of the risk management; If no further risk response, risk index dipped to a safe state, if the risk out of control, is to abandon the original implementation plan.By known beforehand, and the combination of the three approaches of risk management cycle had covered the whole process of software development risk management effect. Through the above analysis, the model based on the framework of risk management basic steps, in the whole process of project information and risk information database as support, in order to reduce the uncertainty due to lack of information; Combined with the feedback loop process, through the feedback loop mechanism to reduce the uncertainty of software project, and conforms to the knowledge of things for people; Active to software project implementation, system, dynamic, and the whole process of (i.e., matter and afterwards) risk management thought. Activity refers to the risk response process execution risk action plan, in order to reducing risk to acceptable level Complete company service. Activities include, and react to trigger an event notification, execution risk action plan, control plan, progress report, deviation correction plan. React to trigger an event notification: trigger for appropriate candidates, provide notice. Authorized individuals must react to trigger an event. This does not mean to him to give up other important work. More appropriate to understand is triggers should provide reasonable reaction time, to avoid a crisis situation. Proper response including review of the current reality, and update the action time frame. Based on the proper response, ready to set up another trigger or assigned risk action plan. Perform risk action plan: to risk should be carried out in accordance with the written risk action plan. If the plan has not been written for the document, then there may be a communication problem. To get detailed instructions, it is recommended to use requirements, design, implementation and test of engineering model. The duration of these stages may be very short. Main idea is to understand what you want to do; Before developing physical models, the mind to create a model, and then check the result. Responsible for risk action plan goals and specific one-to-one correspondence, the action will reduce uncertainty, strengthen the control So, in the software industry, according to the new trends and opportunities, thinking mode and the method to the development teamOften need to forget the past, analyze the new opportunities for new problems. Then in the plan to add the new goals. So, I think in the face of the future uncertain, how to deal with the unknown risk or risk from competition, enterprises should consider the risk identification model of the learning organization. This learning model to increase information found that the two basic points and the target innovation, to make another breakthrough innovation cycle. In innovation and apply it on the specific development process, a new round of continuous innovation will start again. So in the face of the future a found a innovation breakthrough improvement is planning a work cycle. But in front of the ideological improvement has stabilized, the use of the plan a work a check a improvement cycle. This article from the perspective of project management, risk management related concepts are introduced, based on the analysis of the present situation of software project risk management, in a software project risk management were introduced briefly the purpose and significance. BarryBoehm system of risk management theory is studied, the SEIs CRM system, the Riskit risk management model and spiral model risk management system, and compares the respective characteristics and limitations. Through the analysis of software project risk management research present situation, put forward problems existing in the research of risk management, and as a starting point for research. This paper research content and main results: 1, based on the classic software project risk management theory and in-depth analysis of current research situation and the total Knot, found that a software project risk management is usually studied as an independent system. Although this kind of research idea is beneficial to the specific methods of risk management methods of research, but its out of the software project itself, the deviation from the service in the entire software project risk management. Therefore, this article aimed at the problem from the perspective of system, risk management, namely put risk management in the entire software project under the background of large systems is studied. 2, put forward a new model based on software project risk management. In order to ensure the software project risk Application of management theory, established the corresponding risk management mechanism for practical application. From the perspective of system, on the relationship between the risk management and software project management are studied. Main features are: emphasis on the risk management process are based on the project information in the system, resources support; By advance, matter and afterwards, the combination of the cycle of risk management, proactive, dynamic, practical application oriented, covering the whole process of risk management. 3, create a good soft environment of risk management is another important component of the success of the project. Purpose is to Through the optimization of the external environment, and promote the internal core functions. In this paper, according to the actual situation in two aspects of organization structure, human factors, for example illustrates the support for the risk management function. The shortage of the research: 1, this paper not on specific software project risk management methods and means for research, but the risk of movement and software project development process model of the relationship between research, emphasizes the application of existing software project risk management techniques. 2, this article research is mainly to the project risk management theory is applied to the our country small and medium-sized software companies Software project management in practice. Only for domestic small and medium-sized software enterprises software project risk management should be a masters degree in tianjin university in the actual paper IT project risk management and case analysis Need further research aspects of: Because of time and personal ability is limited, failed to make further in-depth study for some problem, next work will revolve around the following aspects in this paper. Due to software project risk management research of this paper are presented from the Angle of the system and application oriented, and not the specific methods and techniques of software project risk management study, further research should focus on how to make the risk management and risk management methods and technology better. Overall, the risk management and the management mode is inseparable. To manage risk, not purely depend on the risk management process. The success of the project management is risk management in different stages of the guarantee. The next step is to project planning and design of the main factors of risk management security system research, make the organization at all levels to promote the implementation of risk management. IT服务管理项目风险管理研究 近年来,越来越多的组织认识到信息资源是组织的重要战略资源，必须妥善加以管理，而IT系统及IT服务的品质是信息收集、分析、生产和传播的关键。组织必须投入适当的资源用以提高IT服务的质量，在国内的一些信息化建设较好的行业，如电信、金融等行业已经开始建设工TSM系统。但是，ITSM系统在现实应用中会给组织的IT管理带来巨大的变化，在组织的内部和外部环境的作用下，影响组织的各个层次，会遇到各种各样的问题。尤其是在当前信息化宣传的鼓动下，组织很难做出正确的决策和采用理性的方法成功实施工TSM，从而导致工TSM实施的失败。 随着信息技术的快速发展，功能强大、结构复杂的IT项目不断出现。这些IT项目开发周期长，技术难度大，投入费用多，具有高度复杂性，项目风险管理难度大。另一方面，IT应用是一个复杂的项目，它涉及企业的业务、技术、项目管理等方方面面，其间所使用的项目控制方法和系统开发方法，表面上看具有很强的确定性，但由于现实世界的复杂性、环境的变化和IT项目的特殊性，导致风险和变更在IT项目中无处不在。基于这些原因，本文选择IT项目管理中的风险管理为研究方向，探讨如何系统地进行有效的IT项目风险管理。 从微观的角度而言ITSM系统是企业若干工作系统之一，支持企业级的工作系统，以到达IT服务目标，ITSM系统对现代信息技术具有依赖性，IT服务组织在的现代信息技术环境下，建立基于现代信息技术的基础设施，制定和实施基于现代