小学英语简单句基本语法与练习.doc

根据句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。1)简单句的五种基本句型1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) S + V 如：The children are playing happily.2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 S+V+O 如：The Greens enjoy living in China.3. 主语+谓语+表语 S+V+P该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等The apple pie tastes really delicious.4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+InO+DO这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如： My aunt bought me acomputer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 S+V+O+OC We must keep our school clean.练习：用五个英语的基本句型各造3个英语句子1.S + V_2. S+V+O_3.S+V+P _4.S+V+InO+DO _5.S+V+O+OC_2）一般疑问句一般疑问句对全句提出疑问，用yes或no回答。其结构为：be动词(is, am, was, were)或情态动词(can, will, shall)或助动词(do, does,did)+主语+其他？通常译为.吗？如：Are you a student? Can you sing an English song? Did they watch TV last night?练习：I. 将下列句子改为一般疑问句。1-4句作肯定回答，5-8句作否定回答。1. My sister is older than Mary._2. They like collecting leaves._3. Mr Green was here yesterday._4. We took lots of pictures last week._5. Jim does well in English._6. She can sing and dance._7. There are some sheep on the hill._II根据所给答语，选择相应的问句。( )1.Yes, I do. A. Is it time to have a lesson?( )2. No, you cant. B. Do you often go to the supermarket ?( )3. No, she isnt. C. Are their friends from different countries?( )4. Yes, they are. D. Is Nancy a Japanese girl?( )5. No, its time to have a rest. E. Can I play the piano now?( )6. No, he didnt. F. Did Sam run faster than Tom three years ago?III. 根据实际情况回答问题。1. Are you a student?_2. Is your mum a nurse?_3. Do you like English?_4. Are there any Japanese students in your school?_5. Would you like some apples?_知识要点3）特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导，针对句子中的某一个具体部分提问，要求作具体回答。特殊疑问句的结构一般是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序？我们所用的对划线部分提问的题目就是将陈述句转变为特殊疑问句。练习：对下列句中画线部分内容提问。1. Her uncle is John._.2. Her uncles name is John._.3. They go to school at about 7:00 every morning._.4. My father is a driver._.5. They are going to fly kites in the park._.6. Its abou