轮机英语2016一月.doc

1.In the cooling system, a general build-up of deposits resulting a loss of thermal efficiency and leads in turn to _A.broken problemsB.overcooling problemsC interrupted problemsD.overheating problems2. A semiconductor is a material with a _.A. conductivity higher than a normal conductorB. conductivity higher than a normal insulatorC. high conductivity at low temperaturesD. low conductivity at high temperatures注：semiconductor半导体，conductivity导电性能；半导体的导电性能介于导体和绝缘体之间；故选B。3. Increased internal leakage, in addition to poor hydraulic system response, and inadequatelubrication, is the result of _ .A. pump bearings in poor conditionB. excessively worn actuator-piston packingC. broken directional control valve centering springs.D. low hydraulic oil viscosity注：液压系统反应傻、润滑不良，而且内部泄漏大，往往是由于液压油的粘度低引起，故选D。4. In sewage treatment, the term maceration refers to the process of_.A. breaking up solid matter into fine particlesB. precipitating non-decomposed waste in a collection tankC. chemically adjusting the sewage PH to 7.0D. eliminating bacterium coli from the sewage注：生活污水处理中的术语“浸渍”指的是将固体物质分解成细小颗粒的过程，故选A。maceration浸渍。5. Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers is an identification of a_.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-standard shipD. reference ship注：“配员不足或船员证书不足”是船舶不达标的一个证据，故选A。substandard低于标准的。6. When installed for bilge pumping or ballast duty, centrifugal pumps require a _ to re-move air from the suction pipe.A. air chamberB. head tankC. primerD. prime mover注：如果离心泵用于排放舱底水或压载之用，需要自吸装置从吸入管路排除空气，选C。7. The opening of the humidifiers valve of air-conditioner should be _ when the cir-cumstance temperature is raised to 5 80in the winter.A. decreasedB. increasedC. fixedD. closed注：当冬季环境温度升至58时，应关闭空调加湿阀，故选D。8. The operator of electrical motors should keep a constant check on the loads they carry because _.A. low loads necessitate frequent insulation. cleaningB. exceeding nameplate values shortens useful lifeC. energy is wasted if full loading is not utilizedD. power factor correction methods are load dependent注：电机操作员应经常检查动机所带负载，这是因为负载超过铭牌标定值会缩短使用寿命. A为低负载需要频繁清洁绝缘子；B为负载超过铭牌标定值会缩短使用寿命；C为若没有使用满负荷会造成能源浪费；D为功率因数、的校正取决于负载量，故选B。10、The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that at all times bridge orders relating to changes in _ of operation are immediately implemented.A、fore and aftB、ahead or asternC、speed or directionD、up or downC负责值班的轮机员应该确保任何时候关于速度和方向改变的驾驶台的命令应该立即执行。11.The objectives of the ISM Code are to ensure_.A. safety at seaB. prevention of human injury or loss of lifeC. avoidance of damage to the marine environment and to PropertyD. all of the above注：国际安全管理规则的目标是确保海上安全、防止人命伤亡、避免损害海洋环境及财产，故选D。12. Most troubles likely to occur with marine diesel engine can , if located in time , be remedied with no difficulty and many can be _ if the engine is maintained with a high sense of responsibility to the people on the part of the motormen and engineers.A. found outB. eliminatedC. avoidedD. lowered注：大多数船用柴油机可能发生的故障，如果发现及时，排除都没有困难，假如机工和轮机员具有高度的责任心对机器进行维护保养，许多故障时可以避免的，故选C。13 Usually _ handles the majority of the correspondence and negotiation needed duringtransactions of stores and spare parts in the engine departmentA. the chief engineerB. the second engineerC. the third engineerD. the fourth engineer注：在轮机部，物料和备件交易中所需的大多数通信联络及协商通常由轮机长处理，故选A14. It is possible to mount a double suction centrifugal pump impeller with the vanes facing inthe wrong direction. This would cause the pump _ .A. head capacity to improveB. discharge to be reversedC. efficiency to decreaseD. slippage to decrease注：对于双叶轮的离心泵，如果叶片方向安装错误，将使泵效率下降，选C。15. Which of the following statements is correct relative to distillation plant operation?A. Distillation is the process of boiling seawater to produce vapor which is condensed intofresh water.B. Evaporation is the second part of the distillation process where brine is removed.C. Brine is the result of condensed sea water vapor.D. Distillate is the product resulting from the evaporation of fresh water vapor.注：蒸馏是这样一种过程：使海水蒸发，产生蒸汽，然后冷凝成淡水，故选A。16. The maintenance period of the engine depends principally on _.A. the working conditionB. the engineers experienceC. operational scheduleD. the engine size17. W. H. R. stands for _ .A. Water Head RegisterB. Water Heater Re-circulatingC. Waste Heat RecoveryD. Waste Handle Reference注：WHR代表废热回收装置，故选C。18. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships dont discharge oil when pumping out_.A. ballast waterB. boiler waterC. bilge waterD. sewage water注：船舶上的油水分离器能保证船舶排放舱底水时不排出油，故选C。19. Duties shall be so organized by the chief engineer officer that the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and the subsequent relieving watches are_ and otherwise fit for duty.A. well trainedB. in good luckC. in good healthD. sufficiently rested注：轮机长在组织值班时，应使航行开始的第一班和其后的接班人员都得以充分休息以使其适合于履行职责，故选D。relieving watches接班人员。20. Most minor spills of oil products are caused by _.A. equipment failureB. human errorC. major casualtiesD. unforeseeable circumstances21. Anchor capstans are used in some installation where the cable lifter rotates about a _ .A. horizontal axisB. crankshaftC. vertical axisD. Camshaft注：在一些装置中使用锚绞盘，锚链轮绕立轴旋转，故选C。22. At the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called _ .A. cylinder linerB. cylinder coverC. the gear boxD. the scavenging box注：A形架的顶部有一个铸铁框架，即扫气箱，故选D。23. The crane is usually mounted on a pedestal to offer adequate _ to the operator.A. timeB. spaceC. lengthD. visibility注：回转式起货机克令吊)一般安装在平台上，确保向操作者提供足够的视野，故选D。24. For an ordinary four-stroke diesel engine the exhaust valves close _ .A. after TDCB. before TDCC. after BDCD.before BDC注：对于四冲程机，排气阀往往在上止点之后关闭，故选A。25. It _ for an emergency generator to require paralleling.A. is usualB. is not usualC. is necessaryD. is not impossible注：应急发电机一般不需并车，故选B。26. The usual symptoms of cavitation in a centrifugal pump is_.A. noise and vibrationB.an increase in discharge pressureC. an increase in suction pressureD.lifting of the relief valve注离心泵气蚀的常见征兆是噪声和振动。A27. The operation between two fuel injections is called a _.A. turning cycleB.working cycleC.working hourD working stroke注两次燃油喷射之间的运行被称作一个工作循环。B28.In China, the administration for implementing SOLAS convention is_ .A. the harbor bureauB. the government of the flag state (MSA)C. the ship classification societyD. ship company在中国，执行SOLAS公约的机构是船旗国政府29. The diameter of the gravity disc is too big. It causes oil to flow through the water outlet.We changed the disc and no_ .A. waterB. oil is found in the water outletC. scaleD. ridge注：分油机比重环的直径过大，会引起出水口跑油。更换比重环后，出水口没有发现油了，故选B。30、The Abbreviation “ERM” in the Manila Amendments to the STCW Convention stands for _.A、Engine Room ManagementB、Engine Resources ManagementC、Engineer Resources ManagementD、Engine-room Resources ManagementDERM代表机舱资源管理。31. When separating the lube oil without additive, it is usually working with hot water; the aim is to remove _ from it.A. acidB. oil sludgeC. mechanical impurityD. Salinity注：对不含添加剂的滑油进行分离时，通常使用热水，其目的是去掉滑油中的酸，故选A32. Prior to a ships departure from any port _ should be tested with deck officer to ensure satisfactory operation.A. fire fighting pumpB. the steering gearC. lie boat engineD. the main engine注：船舶离港前，(轮机员)应与驾驶员进行舵机实验，以确保其工作正常，故选B。33. A circuit breaker is _.A. a distribution deviceB. a lighting equipmentC. the indicating instrumentD. an isolating switch34. The most common instrument used to measure diesel engine exhaust pressure is the _ .A. pyrometerB. bourdon gaugeC. pneumercatorD. manometer注：用于测量排气压力最常用的仪表是压力计，故选D。pneumercator测量石油产品量的记录仪。35. During the diesel engine running, the water level of F. W. expansion tank should be normally kept in the_ level of glass tube.A. the highestB. above 3/ 4C.1/ 23/ 4D. the lowest注：柴油机工作期间，淡水膨胀水柜的水位通常处于玻璃水位计的1/2 3/4，故选C。36. The approval period for a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan expires after _.A. one yearB. two yearsC. four yearsD; five years注：船上油污应急计划(shipboard oil pollution emergency plan)有效期五年，故选D。37. Air terminals lined with sound insulation material are necessary to reduce the noise passing into the room with_.A .central air condition systemB .high velocity systemC .low velocity systemD .single duct system40. Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic _ .A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch注：并联运行的交流发电机的功率因数是靠自动调压器来维持相等的，故选A。B为逆功率继电器，C为逆电流继电器，D为调速器控制开关。41. An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slow speed and _ of a low speed diesel engine.A. manoeuvring operationsB. bad combustionC. coolingD. mooring trial注：低速柴油机中，往往安装一台电力驱动自动工作的辅助鼓风机用于低速和机动操纵工况，故选A。42. In the event of a small bunker oil spill on deck occurring while bunkering, you should_.A. wash down the area immediately with a fire hoseB. wash down the area with keroseneC. cover the area with absorbent materialD. cover the area with foam注：船舶加油时，如果发生甲板上溢油，应用吸收性材料覆盖，故选C。43、UMS stands for( ).A、ultra much spaceB、universal medium systemC、unit machined spaceD、unattended machinery spaceDUMS代表无人机舱。44. The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets so arranged that adjacent poles have _ .A. opposite polarityB. the same polarityC. negative polarityD. positive polarity注：电磁铁产生磁场，相邻磁极的极性相反，故选A。45. _ scavenge means both exhaust ports and scavenge ports are arranged to the same side.A. UniflowB. CrossC. LoopD. Straight注：回流扫气意思是扫气口和排气口都布置在同一侧，故选C。46. STCW 78/95 Convention describes that _ are laid down for the certification (发证)of engineer officers in charge of a watch in a traditionally manned engine room , or the designated engineer in a periodically unmanned engine room.A. available minimum requirementsB. available maximum requirementsC. mandatory minimum requirementsD. mandatory maximum requirements注：STCW 78/95公约说，对于在传统的有人机舱负责值班的轮机员和定期无人值守的机舱的指定轮机员，规定了发证的强制性最低要求，故选C。lay (过去分词laid )down规定，制定；certification发证，mandatory强制性的。47. A diesel engine using lube oil with too high a viscosity will exhibit _ .A. increased starting difficulty in co1d weatherB. increased oil consumptionC. thickening at higher operating temperaturesD. minimal friction losses注：柴油机采用粘度过高的滑油会引起发动机在冷态下起动困难，故选A。48. Diesel engine crankshaft deflection readings are generally taken at four crank positions.Good engineering practice requires the deflection gage or indicator to be _ .A. placed as near the crankpin axis as possibleB. removed each time the crankshaft is repositionedC. left in place for all four readingsD. reset to zero for all four readings注：柴油机曲轴拐档差读数的测取需要将拐档表放在曲柄的四个位置上，故选C。49. The word offset most probably means_.A. predetermined valueB. measured valueC. off-limitD. sustained deviation注：“剩余偏差”最有可能用来表示持续的偏差，故选D。sustained持续的。50.If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separated from the primary swirler, _ may correct.A.closing fuel valveC.stopping draught fanB.momentary opening or closing of air registerD.stopping fuel pump51. A fire in a pile of canvas would be classified as a_.A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D注：一堆帆布着火是A类火灾，故选A。52. After finished with engine,which of the following can not be shut off by the dutyengineer?A. Fuel oil booster pump.B The main starting valveC. The sea chest. D. The main cooling sea water pump注“完车”后，值班轮机员不应该关掉海底箱。C53. When the ship security alert system is activated, it shall not_.A. initiate a ship-to-shore security alertB. transmit a ship-to-shore security alertC. initiate an alert identifying the ship, its locationD. raise a security alarm on-board the ship indicating. that the ship is under threat注：当船舶保安报警系统被激发时，它不得在船上发出警报表示船正受到威胁，故选D。54.During incinerating, an incinerator vibrates excessively. Which of the following causes maybe correct?A. Too much water in the furnace.B. Bad atomization.C. Too much air in the furnace.D. Sludge temperature is too high.Passage 79The field current supply in older machines comes from a lower voltage direct current generator or exciter on the same shaft as the alternator. Modern machines however are either statically excited or of the high-speed brush-less type. The exciter is required to operate to counter the effects of power factor for a given load. The power factor is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine of the phase angle. With a purely resistance load the voltage and the current are in phase, giving a power factor of one. The power consumed is therefore the product of voltage and current. Inductive or capacitive loads, combined with resistance loads, produce lagging or leading power factors which have a value less than one. The power consumed is therefore the product of current, voltage and power factor. The alternating current generator supplying a load has a voltage drop resulting from the load. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. Therefore the exciter, in maintaining the alternator voltage, must vary with load current and also the power factor. The speed change of the prime mover must also be taken into account.1. The word “machines” in the passage refers to _.A. the direct current generatorB. the alternating current generatorC. the exciterD. the prime mover2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. With a purely resistance load, the power factor is zero.B. Inductive loads combined with resistance loads produces leading power factors.C. Capacitive loads combined with resistance loads produces lagging power factors.D. With a purely resistance load, the phase angle is zero.3. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. This sentence meansthat _.A. with a purely resistance load, the voltage drops too muchB. there is a considerable voltage drop in the capacitive load combined with resistance loadC. when the load is the capacitive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drops to zeroD. when the load is the inductive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drop is fairly large4. The exciter must vary with: load current, the power factor, speed change of the prime mover.A. only B. only C. and D. , and BDDDPassage 99A centrifugal feed pump must not be operated unless it is fully primed. The pump casing should be filled before starting, the suction pipe and