北师大版高中英语选修七教案：Unit 21Period One Word版含答案.doc

how to add 5 years to your lifehalf an hour of exercise a day can add an extra five years to your life，a groundbreaking(开创性的) research has revealed.health experts said that walking or cycling gently has big long-term benefits.according to the world health organization，research carried out in britain and denmark shows that gentle workouts(锻炼) and even housework every day can boost life spans by as much as five years.the news will provide encouragement for those couch potatoes to start taking exercise.britain is in the grip of an obesity epidemic(肥胖症)，with just 35% of men and 24% of women taking regular exercise.“encouraging people to be physically active every day has so many health benefits，” said dr marc danzon，who regional director for europe.“these include reducing the risk of developing certain diseases and of becoming obese，as well as contributing to physical coordination(协调)，balance，strength and mental well-being.it is a very cost-effective public health tool.” the organization is so concerned that the public is not getting the message on exercise that it will launch a “move for health” campaign to boost public awareness.“the who encourages adults to take at least 30 minutes of moderate physical exercise a day，defined as any body movement that results in energy expenditure(消耗)，” said dr danzon.“this includes walking，cycling，playing，housework，climbing stairs as well as sports.” he added that children should take at least 60 minutes of exercise every day.根据上文判断正(t)误(f)1.children should take more physical exercise than adults every day.(t)2.the who has tried to improve peoples knowledge of exercise by launching a campaign.(t)3.people with an obesity epidemic in britain seldom take regular exercise.(f)4.physical exercise brings the best possible profit to public health at the lowest cost.(t)period onewarm-up & lesson 1super athletes.重点单词1.interval n.间隔；间歇2.circulate vi.循环3.pump vi.用泵抽出(注入)4.digest vt.消化；领悟；理解；n.摘要；概要；文摘；汇编5.swap vi.交换6.abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂；n.滥用；虐待；谩骂；恶习7.tolerate vt.容忍；忍耐；容许8.fundamental adj.根本的；基础的9.doubtful adj.怀疑的，不肯定的doubt v.& n.怀疑10.seek vt.(sought，sought)寻找，搜寻；寻求，探求；试图，设法11.annual adj.每年的，一年一次的，年度的12.compulsory adj.强制性的，义务的13.controversial adj.有争议的14.oppose vt.反对15.contradict vt.与(其他事物)相矛盾；反驳16.violate vt.违反，违背.重点短语1.swapwithsb.与某人交换2.insilence沉默地，无声地3.outofbreath上气不接下气4.takepartin参加5.slowdown使慢下来6.comeacross偶遇7.invain徒然，白费力气8.atrandom随便地，随意地9.allthetime总是，一直10.atallcosts不管多大代价，无论如何.重点句式1.make宾语宾补these drugs are originally developed to help people with illnesses，but in the wrong hands，they create supreme athletes making them faster(fast) and stronger (strong) than is normal for human beings.开发这些药物原本是用来帮助病人的，但一旦用于歧途，它们会创造出比常人更快、更强的超级运动员。2.动名词作主语taking these drugs is(be) known as “doping”.服用这些药物的行为被称为“服用兴奋剂”3.虚拟条件句if american athlete marion jones hadnt taken drugs，would she have made(make) it to the olympics at all?如果美国运动员马里昂琼斯没有服用药物的话，她能成功参加奥运会吗？4.catch sb.doing sth.unfortunately，it is not easy to catch athletes using (use) illegal drugs.不幸的是，要当场查出运动员使用了违禁药物并不容易。5.have sth.donein the future，athletes who have their genes changed (change) might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.将来，改变了基因的运动员有可能创下仅在8秒内跑完100米或在不到两小时的时间跑完马拉松的记录。.根据课文内容判断正(t)误(f)1.according to the whole text: better equipment，training and diet are the reasons given for improved performance.(f)2.ben johnson was still the 100 meters world record holder even if he had taken drugs in the 1988 olympics.(f)3.doping can help athletes enhance their performance，however，the drugs also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.(t)4.doping is only a problem in athletics.(f)5.the olympic spirit of competition emphasizes winning rather than taking part.(f).课文阅读理解1.some sports predictions were always.a.right b.wrongc.simple d.mature答案b2.whats the drugs legal effect?a.to make the athletes run faster.b.to make the audience cheer more excitedly.c.to cure the patients.d.to make money for the chemists.答案c3.ben johnson.a.used to be the 100 metres world record holderb.was taken as a drug takerc.will be the 100 metres world record holderd.will be taken as a drug taker答案b4.which is right according to the passage?a.some athletes want to achieve the championship with the help of doping.b.it is easy to clarify whether an athlete has taken drugs.c.doping is the only problem in track and field.d.gene-therapy will benefit the athletes.答案a5.in the future，.a.athletes must have their genes changedb.athletes will finish 100 metres in only 8 secondsc.athletes will finish the marathon in less than two hoursd.the olympic spirit will go on答案d.课文难句分析taking these drugs is known as “doping” and although they enhance performance，they also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.句式分析taking these drugs在句中作主语；is known as表示“被称为”；并列连词and后的句子中含有although引导的让步状语从句和who引导的定语从句。自主翻译服用这些药物的行为被称为“服用兴奋剂”。对滥用兴奋剂的运动员来说，尽管兴奋剂能提高他们的成绩，但也会给他们日后的生活带来严重的健康问题。重点词汇1.it digests your food and sends vitamins and minerals into the blood.它消化你的食物并把维生素和矿物质输送到血液中。(1)digest vt.消化；领悟；理解；n.摘要；概要；文摘；汇编(2)digestion n.u消化；c消化能力digestible adj.易消化的；口感好的；易理解的；可领会的digestive adj.消化的；和消化有关的(1)i did a little exercise to help my digestion(digest).我做了一点运动来帮助消化。一词多义写出下列句子中digest的汉语意思(2)it took me some time to digest what i had heard.理解(3)we may not be able to digest foods as easily as we once could.消化(4)the digest will be available for sale online or in stores.文摘2.write down five telephone numbers and swap with your partner.写下五个电话号码，与你的同伴交换。swap vi.交换swap sth.with sb.与某人交换某物swap sth.for sth.用某物交换某物(1)i usually swap views with my friends online.我通常和我的朋友在网上交流意见。(2)i swapped three of my foreign stamps for three of hers.我用三张外国邮票换了三张她的(邮票)。3.taking these drugs is known as “doping” and although they enhance performance，they also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.服用这些药物的行为被称为“服用兴奋剂”。对滥用兴奋剂的运动员来说，尽管兴奋剂能提高他们的成绩，但也会给他们日后的生活带来严重的健康问题。abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂；n.滥用；虐待；谩骂；恶习abuse ones power滥用职权abuse ones trust/confidence背信弃义alcohol abuse酗酒drug abuse滥用毒品(1)abusing children is forbidden by law.法律禁止虐待儿童。(2)some officials were punished by law because they abused their power.有些官员受到法律的惩罚，因为他们滥用职权。(3)cindy has a difficult life and isabused(abuse) by her stepmother from time to time.辛迪生活艰难，不时地遭到继母的虐待。4.the sports world does not tolerate doping as it is a fundamental form of cheating.体育界不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂，因为它是一种本质的欺骗形式。(1)tolerate vt.容忍；忍耐；容许tolerate (doing) sth.容忍(做)某事(2)tolerance n.宽容；容忍；忍受；耐力(3)tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的；忍受的be tolerant of sb./sth.容忍/宽容某人/某事(1)i could not tolerate their making up any excuses for what they did.我不能容忍他们为所做的事情编造任何的借口。(2)some plants are tolerant(tolerate) of extreme heat.有些植物能耐酷热。(3)she had no tolerance(tolerate) for her deskmates shortcomings.她不能容忍同桌的缺点。单句改错(4)luckily my parents were tolerant my choice of books.5.doping is not only a problem in athletics，it is part of every sport where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so.服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动中的问题，每个运动项目都存在这个问题。运动员想取得超越他们极限的体育成绩而准备用欺骗来达到目的。seek vt.寻找，搜寻；寻求，探求；试图，设法seek to do sth.试图/设法做某事seek after/for寻求；追求seek through找遍seek out搜寻出；挑选出；找到注意：seek的过去式和过去分词均为sought。(1)on the internet，people can seek information about their favorite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well.在互联网上人们可以搜寻关于他们最喜爱的明星的信息，也可以买打折的票。(2017江苏)(2)i seek toset(set) an example for my colleagues.我试图为我的同事做个榜样。(3)he sought out a shady spot where he might sit down and rest.他找到了一个可以坐下来休息的阴凉地方。单句改错(4)they are urgently seeking the posts where they are well paid.6.floyd landis made several lame excuses blaming medicine he had been taking for an injury but these were all invain.弗洛伊德兰蒂斯做了几次站不住脚的辩解，责怪他因伤服用的药物，但是这些都是徒劳的。(1)in vain徒劳，白费力气vain adj.徒劳的；自负的，爱慕虚荣的be vain about/of对虚荣的/自负的/自以为了不起的vain promises空头的许诺(2)vainly adv.徒劳地；不成功地；白费力地(1)money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.金钱用于脑，永远不徒劳。(2)he made a lot of vain promises but never carried them out.他做出了很多虚假的承诺，但从未兑现过。(3)she was vain of/about her good looks.她对她的美貌很自负。句型转换(4)the police tried in vain to break up the protesters.the police tried vainly to break up the protesters.7.it is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested atrandom.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地被检查。(1)at random随便地；随意地random adj.随便的；随机的；胡乱的(2)randomly adv.随便地；随机地；无目的地，胡乱地反义词组：on purpose/by design有意地，故意地(1)why do you care about his random remarks?他只是随便一说，何必介意？(2)dont throw waste paper at random or it will make the classroom dirtyim sorry，i didnt do it on purpose.不要随便扔废纸，否则会把教室搞得很脏。对不起，我不是故意的。(3)the following two examples are created randomly(random).以下两个例子是随意举出来的。单句改错(4)they conduct surveys constantly.8.gene-therapy is very controversial and many people oppose further research into it.基因治疗是很有争议的，许多人反对对其进行进一步研究。(1)oppose vt.反对oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的be opposed to (doing) sth.object to (doing) sth.be against (doing) sth.反对(做)某事(3)opposite adj.对面的；相反的；n.对立面；反面；prep.在对面(1)his parents are opposed to the marriage.他的父母反对这桩婚事。(2)i am opposed to going(go) shopping on sundays for it is too crowded.我反对星期天逛街，因为太拥挤了。(3)the people sitting opposite(oppose) us looked very familiar.坐在我们对面的那些人看上去很面熟。句型转换(4)however，some students oppose the idea that english classes are taught only in english.however，some students are opposed to the idea that english classes are taught only in english.however，some students object to the idea that english classes are taught only in english.however，some students are against the idea that english classes are taught only in english.9.however，if a generation of sports stars with enhanced genes were created，it would contradict the whole spirit of sport.然而，如果造出一代有强化基因的运动明星，这将有悖于整个运动精神。(1)contradict vt.与(其他事物)相矛盾；反驳contradict oneself自相矛盾(2)contradictory adj.矛盾的；完全相反的be contradictory to sth.与相矛盾(3)contradiction n.反驳；矛盾in contradiction to/with与相矛盾；与相违背(1)what you did contradicted what you said.你的行为与你的言语相矛盾。(2)within five minutes he had contradicted himself(him) twice.五分钟内他就两次自相矛盾。(3)we are faced with two apparently contradictory(contradict) statements.我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。(4)his private actions are in direct contradiction to/with his publicly expressed opinions.他私下的行为跟公开的言论完全是两码事。10.the olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed atallcosts.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。at all costs不管多大代价，不惜一切代价，无论如何at any cost不惜一切代价at the cost of以为代价at a cost of以的价格，花费at cost照原价，按成本(1)i decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books.我决定不惜一切代价也要消除孩子们对书的恐惧感和厌恶感。(2015浙江)(2)we are determined to obtain our rights at any cost.我们决定要不惜一切代价获取我们的权利。(3)we must cherish experience acquired at the cost of our own blood.我们必须珍惜用我们自己的心血换来的经验。(4)the new buildings going up at a cost of 82 million.建造这座新大楼要花费8 200万美元。一句多译(5)他花80元钱买了这件毛衣。thesweatercosthim80yuan.(cost v.)heboughtthesweateratacostof80yuan.(cost n.)单句改错(6)the doctor decided to try at 或 to save the girls life.经典句式1.these drugs are originally developed to help people with illnesses，but in the wrong hands，they create supreme athletes makingthemfasterandstronger than is normal for human beings.开发这些药物原本是用来帮助病人的，但一旦用于歧途，它们会创造出比常人更快、更强的超级运动员。本句中含有“make宾语宾补”结构，其用法如下：make宾语注意：如果作宾语补足语的名词表示职务或职称，则该名词前面不加定冠词the。(1)her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad，she wouldn t feel as bad.她的妈妈告诉她，如果她能做点儿什么来改变这个使她伤心的问题，那么她就不会感觉这么糟糕了。(2017北京)(2)we made him chairman of our english club.我们选他当英语俱乐部的主席。(3)will you make yourself known(know) to us in english？请用英语给我们作自我介绍，好吗？单句改错(4)the position of the classroom with its view made me like i was dreaming.(2015浙江)2.in the future，athletes who havetheirgeneschanged might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.将来，改变了基因的运动员有可能创下仅在8秒的时间跑完100米或在不到两小时的时间跑完马拉松的记录。本句使用了“have sth.done”结构，表示“使某事被做，请/让/叫别人做某事”。其中过去分词done在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动意义。易混辨析have sth.done，have sb./sth.doing，have sb./sth.do结构含义宾语与宾补的关系have sth.done使/让别人做某事；使遭受动宾have sb./sth.doing使/让某人(物)持续地做某事主谓have sb./sth.do使/让某人(物)去做某事主谓(1)tom had his leg broken while playing football yesterday.昨天汤姆踢足球时摔断了腿。(2)my teacher had me write a short passage yesterday.昨天老师让我写了一篇短文。(3)i had my bike repaired(repair) yesterday.我昨天让人修了自行车。(4)its cold.we should have the fire burning(burn) all the time.天气冷，我们应该让火一直燃烧着。单句改错(5)youd better have that bad tooth out.单句语法填空1.the house wassought(seek) through but nothing suspicious was found.2.the mother had the baby crying(cry) all the morning.3.i swapped my red scarf for her blue one.4.the librarian took a book at random from the shelf.5.the thief broke in，trying to open the safe，but in vain.6.the citizens opposed building(build) such a factory in this area.7.ive just come across a beautiful poem in this book.8.good health is fundamental(fundament) if you want to have a long life.9.you neednt worryhe will make it.10.perhaps you should be more tolerant of your little sister.完成句子11.you dont havehimstandingthere(让他一直站在那儿) all the time.12.the boy wascaughtsmoking(被当场抓住抽烟) in the bedroom yesterday.13.he couldnt makehimselfheard(使别人听见他的话) because of the noise of the traffic.14.noddingyourhead(点头) is to say “yes”.15.if you had worked hard，you wouldhavepassed(就能通过) the final test.课文语法填空athletic performances have 16.continually(continue) improved since the first olympic games.however，improvements 17.havebegun(begin) to slow down recently.while 18.talking(talk) about breaking records，we come across the issue of performance-enhancing drugs，19.which are originally developed to help people with illnesses，but they are often used by some athletes to perform 20.better(well) than usual.21.in other words，doping is a fundamental form of cheating.unfortunately，it is difficult to catch athletes 22.using(use) illegal drugs.the winners have to be tested 23.while other participants are only tested 24.at random.new drugs are developed all the time and drug tests for sporting events are often one step behind.in the future another issue is gene-therapy.athletes who have their genes 25.changed(change) might perform much better in the match.in todays world，if doping and gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events，the olympic spirit will have lost its meaning.阅读理解a(2018安徽江淮名校高二期中)peggy whitsons job demands a daily two-hour workout in a gym where weight has no meaning and the view changes at 17,000 miles an hour.whitson makes it look easy.at 57，she is the oldest woman to fly in space，breaking the record last november when she began her third long-term stay at the international space station.after returning home in september,2017，the nasa astronaut felt matter-of-factabout the age milestone(里程碑).“it wasnt a record i was seeking out，” whitson said.“i was 42 and 48 for my first two space flights.i feel lucky that i was able to get to do another one in my 50s.i dont think people should let age discourage them，even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness.the oldest man is john glenn (at 77)，and weve had male astronauts in their 60s before，so its not that unusual to be in your late 50s and be able to fly in space.it was just a matter of time before women started flying in space at this age.”on earth，she stays fit by weightlifting，biking，playing basketball and water skiing.she shared what its like to live in micro-gravity: “its like youre in a swimming pool，but you dont have to worry about breathing.if i push off from one side，im going to float to the other side.every direction feels exactly the same，which is really hard for your brain to grasp，but its amazing how fast you adapt.its a big shock for the body to come back to eartheverything is so heavy.we spend a lot of time getting used to being back in gravity again.back pain is really the most dramatic for me this time.for me，coming home is harder than going up into space.”语篇解读美国国家航空航天局的女宇航员peggy whitson三次登上太空，特别是2017年这一次，当时她已经57岁。她的经历向人们证明：不要因为年龄大而气馁，即使你变老了，仍然可以成功。1.what does the underlined word “matter-of-fact” in paragraph 2 probably mean?a.amazing b.naturalc.enthusiastic d.unbelievable答案b解析词义猜测题。根据第三段whitson所说的话可知，她认为这个划时代的里程碑是很自然的。故选b。2.how many days did peggy whitson spend in space for her third stay in the international space station?a.about 300 days. b.about 708 days.c.about 107 days. d.about 57 days.答案a解析数字计算题。根据第二段中的“.breaking the record last november when she began her third long-term stay at the international space station.after returning home in september,2017.”可知从2016的11月到2017年的9月，peggy whitson在太空度过了大约10个月的时间，也就是大约300天。故选a。3.according to the passage，which of the following is true?a.peggy whitson is the oldest person to fly in space，breaking the record.b.there have been female astronauts in their 60s before.c.peggy whitson likes swimming most to stay fit on earth.d.peggy whitson had been in space in 2002 and 2008.答案d解析 推理判断题。根据第二段可知2017年peggy whitson进行她的第三次太空旅行时57岁；根据第三段中的“i was 42 and 48 for my first two space flights.”可知，她的前两次太空之旅分别在42岁和48岁。由此可推知，第一次是在2002年，第二次是在2008年。故选d。4.which of the following will peggy whitson probably say?a.you can still be suc