phone等十个单词详细解析.doc

(1) phone1 S1 W2 countable1 a telephoneLouise got up to answer the phone.Shes too busy to come to the phone right now. Can you call back later?Whats your phone number?The phone rang. It was Pam.Before he could answer, the phone went dead.a secret tape of Dianas phone conversationsMuch of his work is done by phone.Who was that on the phone?I wish Amy would get off the phone. cellphone mobile phone pay phone2 the part of a telephone into which you speak =receiver: She picked up the phone and dialled.Jean put the phone down (=after she had finished her conversation) and burst out laughing.He put the phone down on me (=before I had finished speaking).phone2 S1 also phone up intransitive and transitiveto speak to someone by telephone =telephone: Ill phone you this evening.Why didnt they phone the police?For information phone 8279-3772.Stevie phoned to say that he was going to be late.I kept phoning her up, asking to meet her.Tell him to phone back (=telephone again at a later time) tomorrow.! You do not phone to someone or phone to a number. Phone is followed immediately by a noun: She phoned her friend Judy. | Just phone 01279-623772 and Ill come and get you. see usage note call1phone in phrasal verb1 to telephone the place where you work, especially in order to report something: Ill phone in and let them know.phone something in Ill phone the report in tomorrow morning.She phoned in sick (=telephoned to say that she was ill and could not come to work).2 to telephone a radio or television show to give your opinion or ask a question: Theres still time to phone in before the end of the programme. phone-in(2) physical1 S2 W11 related to someones body rather than their mind or emotions mental, emotional: She was in constant physical pain.the physical and emotional needs of young adultspeople with severe physical disabilitiesDont be put off by his physical appearance.He was obsessed with physical fitness.2 a physical relationship involves sex rather than just friendship: My attraction to him was totally physical.Their physical relationship had never been very good.3 informalHBH someone who is physical likes touching people a lot: Shes a very physical person.4 involving touching someone in a rough or violent way: Football can be a very physical game.I was a bit worried that the argument might become physical.5 relating to real objects that you can touch, see, or feel: the physical world around usthe physical environmentThey were kept in appalling physical conditions.6 relating to or following natural laws: a physical explanation for this phenomenon7only before nounHP a physical science is an area of scientific study that is related to physics: physical chemistryphysicality noun uncountable the physicality of sport physically1 adjectivephysical2 also physical examination countablea thorough examination of someones body by a doctor, in order to discover whether they are healthy or have any illnesses or medical problems(3) physician countableformal especially American EnglishMN a doctor(4) physicist countableHP a scientist who has special knowledge and training in physics(5) pierce1 transitive to make a small hole in or through something, using an object with a sharp point: Steam the corn until it can easily be pierced with a fork.Rose underwent emergency surgery after a bullet pierced her lung.pierce a hole in/through something Pierce small holes in the base of the pot with a hot needle.2 have your ears/nose etc piercedDCJ to have a small hole made in your ears, nose etc so that you can wear jewellery through the hole: I had my belly-button pierced.pierced ears3 intransitive,transitive always + adverb/preposition literary if sound or light pierces something, you suddenly hear or see it: The darkness was pierced by the beam from the lighthouse.A sudden scream pierced the silence.pierce through The mens lanterns pierced through the dense mist.4 pierce somebodys heartto make someone feel a strong emotion such as pain, sadness, or love: Her memories sometimes pierced her heart.5 transitive to force a way through something: Leicester rarely threatened to pierce the Manchester United defence.(6) pill1 S31 countableMH a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole: He has to take pills to control his blood pressure.sleeping pillsa bottle of vitamin pills2 the Pill/the pillMI a pill taken regularly by some women in order to prevent them having babies on the Pill My doctor advised me to go on the pill (=start taking it regularly).3 sugar/sweeten the pillto do something to make an unpleasant job or situation less unpleasant for the person who has to accept it4 be a pillAmerican English informal if someone, especially a child, is a pill, they are annoying: Luke can be a real pill sometimes. a bitter pill (to swallow) at bitter1 (7), morning-after pillpill2 intransitive American Englishif a piece of clothing pills, especially a sweater, it forms little balls on the surface of the cloth after it has been worn or washed(7) plantation countable1TA a large area of land in a hot country, where crops such as tea, cotton, and sugar are grown: a rubber plantation2TAF a large group of trees grown to produce wood(8) platform W3 countable1 TTT especially British English the raised place beside a railway track where you get on and off a train in a station: The Edinburgh train will depart from platform six.2 TBBa stage for people to stand on when they are making a speech, performing etc: a small raised platform at one end of the room3 a) usually singularPP the main ideas and aims of a political party, especially the ones that they state just before an election plank: a strong womens rights platformthe Labour party platformb) a chance for someone to express their opinions, especially their political opinions platform for The conference provides a platform for people on the left wing of the party.4 TBa tall structure built so that people can stand or work above the surrounding area: an oil exploration platform5TD TDthe type of computer system or software that someone uses: the UNIX platforma multimedia platform6 an opportunity to express your ideas to a large number of people platform for We mustnt give these groups a platform for their propaganda.7 British EnglishTTC the open part at the back of some double-decker buses, where passengers get on and off8 platformsalso platform shoes pluralDCC shoes that have a thick layer of wood, leather etc under the front part and the heel（9）pledge1 countable1 promise formal a serious promise or agreement, especially one made publicly or officially pledge of a pledge of support for the planpledge to do something the governments pledge to make no deals with terroristsmake/take/give a pledge Parents make a pledge to take their children to rehearsals.keep/fulfil/honour a pledge Eisenhower fulfilled his election pledge to end the war in Korea.2 money a promise to give money to an organization: Donors have made pledges totaling nearly $4 million.pledge of a pledge of $200 to the public TV station3 something valuable something valuable that you leave with someone else as proof that you will do what you have agreed to do4 US collegesSEC someone who has promised to become a member of a fraternity or sorority at an American universitypledge2 transitive1 promise to make a formal, usually public, promise that you will do something pledge something to something/somebody Moore pledged $100,000 to the orchestra at the fund-raising dinner.pledge to do something The new governor pledged to reduce crime.pledge that Herrera pledged that his company will give aid to schools.pledge (your) support/loyalty/solidarity etc He pledged his cooperation.pledge yourself to (do) something Trade unions pledged themselves to resist the government plans.2 make somebody promise to make someone formally promise something: Employees were pledged to secrecy.3 leave something to leave something with someone as a pledge1 (3)4SEC US colleges to promise to become a member of a fraternity or sorority at an American university(10) plentiful adj.more than enough in quantity: a plentiful supply of food(11) plot1 countable noun1 plan a secret plan by a group of people, to do something harmful or illegal plot to do something a plot to bomb the UN headquartersplot against a plot against the kingThe court heard how she and her lover hatched a plot (=planned a plot) to kill her husband.The plot to overthrow the military government was foiled (=prevented from being successful).an assassination plot2 story/filmAL the events that form the main story of a book, film, or play: The plot was a little confusing.We discover that Jack isnt as innocent as he seems, as the plot unfolds (=gradually becomes clearer).3 the plot thickensused to say that events seem to be becoming more complicated - often used humorously4 piece of landa) a small piece of land for building or growing things on: a two acre plot of landa vegetable plotb) MX a piece of land that a particular family owns in a cemetery, in which members of the family are buried when they diea burial plot5 drawingAmerican EnglishAA a drawing that shows the plan of a building at ground level =ground planPlot verb2 past tense and past participle plotted, present participle plotting1 intransitive and transitive to make a secret plan to harm a person or organization, especially a political leader or government plot to do something They had plotted to blow up the White House.plot against He suspected that the military were secretly plotting against him.The minister was found guilty of plotting the downfall of the government.the story of a woman who plots revenge2 transitive also plot out to draw marks or a line to represent facts, numbers etc: We plotted a graph to show the increase in sales figures this year.plot something on something You can plot all these numbers on one diagram for comparison.3 transitive also plot outTTATTW to mark, calculate, or follow the path of an aircraft or ship, for example on a map: We plotted a course across the Pacific(12) plunge1 verb1 intransitive,transitive always + adverb/preposition to move, fall, or be thrown suddenly forwards or downwards plunge off/into etc Her car swerved and plunged off the cliff.Both the climbers had plunged to their deaths.2 intransitive if a price, rate etc plunges, it suddenly decreases by a large amount: The unemployment rate plunged sharply.plunge to Oil prices have plunged to a new low.In the recession, the companys profits plunged 60%.3 intransitive literary if a ship plunges, it moves violently up and down because of big wavesplunge in phrasal verb1 to start talking or doing something quickly and confidently, especially without thinking about it first: Its a difficult situation. You cant just plunge in and put everything right.I dont agree, she said, plunging into the conversation.2 to jump or dive into water: He stripp