外研版高中英语选修七教案：Module 4 教案 附件.doc

附 件. 课文注释与疑难解释1. allowance 1）n.c sum of money, amount of sth, allowed to do 津贴，特别经费 a dress allowance of 30 a year 一年30镑的制装津贴e.g. the director has an entertainment allowance. 经理有一笔特别招待费。2) (c) (commerce and finance) deduction or discount (商业与财政)折扣3) (single or pl.) make allowance (s) for, allow for 考虑到，体谅e.g. we must allow for his youth. 我们必须体谅他的年轻。2. arise vi. (arose, arisen)1) come into existence; come to notice; present itself 发生；出现e.g. a new difficulty has risen. 一项新的困难发生了。 if the need should arise 假若发生需要的话before they could start, a mist arose. 在他们出发前，起了雾。2) result (from) 产生 (与from连用)e.g. serious obligations may arise from the proposed clause.有这项提议的条款可能产生一些重大的责任。3) (old use) get up; stand up（旧用法）起来；起身；起立3. devote vt. give up (oneself, ones time, energy, etc) (to sth or sb)（为某事或某人而）奉献（自己，自己的时间，精力等）；专心；专门；献身e.g. he devoted his life to mission work in africa.他将他的一生奉献于非洲的传教工作。this magazine is devoted to science. 这个杂志转载科学文章。she is devoted to her children. 她挚爱她的子女。（含有为子女的幸福而自我牺牲的意思）devoted adj. very loving or loyal 挚爱的，忠实的devotion n. 深爱，专心，忠实4. take advantage of use it profitable, for ones own benefit利用某事物e.g. he took the fullest advantage of his success.他尽量利用他的成功。he always takes full advantage of the mistakes made by his rivals.他对他的敌手所犯的错误，总是加以充分利用。(同义make (full) use of / make the best of)5. far from e.g. your work is far from (being) (=is not at all) satisfactory. 你的工作一点也不令人满意。the newspaper accounts are far from being true.报纸的报道远非事实。（有许多地方不正确）far from (=instead of) admiring his paintings, i dislike them intensely.我不但不钦佩反而十分讨厌他的画。. 重点句子1 it developed in the churches that black people went to.它是在黑人常去的教堂里诞生的。that 引导一个定语从句，修饰之前的名词churches，go to church(es)去教堂，注意不要掉了介词to。e.g. this is the park that her mother used to take her to when she was a girl. 这是那个在她童年时母亲常带她去的公园。2blues is a type of music which started as songs sung by african americans while they were working. 布鲁斯是一种最早始于非裔美国人劳动时所唱的歌曲。which 引导定语从句，修饰music, sung by 是过去分词短语，修饰songs， while引导时间状语从句，“当时”。e.g. while the wife was cooking in the kitchen, the husband was reading in the garden. 妻子在厨房做饭，丈夫在花园读书。while还可以表示“对比”e.g. i was talking about my daughter while she thought i was talking about hers. 我在谈论我的女儿，而她以为我在谈她的女儿。while 表示“虽然”while i dont have much in common with him, we are friends.3. the words of early blues songs often consist of a single line repeated two or three times before changing. 早期布鲁斯音乐的歌词常常由重复两三次才变化的单行歌词组成。 consist of : make up, contain, include4. “the moment i heard it ,”he said ,“i knew it was a completely new kind of music.” “我一听到这首曲子”他说，“我就明白它是一种全新的音乐。” the moment 具有连词功能，意思是“一就”iii. 文化背景知识 musicians, singers, and related workersmusicians, singers, and related workers play musical instruments, sing, compose or arrange music, or conduct groups in instrumental or vocal performances. they may perform solo or as part of a group. musicians, singers, and related workers entertain live audiences in nightclubs, concert halls, and theaters featuring opera, musical theater, or dance. although most of these entertainers play for live audiences, many perform exclusively for recording or production studios. regardless of the setting, musicians, singers, and related workers spend considerable time practicing, alone and with their band, orchestra, or other musical ensemble(全体演出者).musicians often gain their reputation or professional standing in a particular kind of music or performance. however, those who learn several related instruments such as the flute and clarinet, and who can perform equally well in several musical styles, have better employment opportunities. instrumental musicians, for example, may play in a symphony orchestra, rock group, or jazz combo one night, appear in another ensemble the next, and work in a studio band the following day. some play a variety of string, brass, woodwind, or percussion instruments or electronic synthesizers(电子合成器)singers interpret music, using their knowledge of voice production, melody, and harmony. they sing character parts or perform in their own individual style. singers are often classified according to their voice range-soprano(女高音)contralto(女低音) tenor(男高音),baritone(),or bass(男低音)-or by the type of music they sing, such as opera, rock, popular, folk, rap, or country and western.music directors conduct, direct, plan, and lead instrumental or vocal performances by musical groups, such as orchestras, choirs, and glee clubs. conductors lead instrumental music groups, such as symphony orchestras, dance bands, show bands, and various popular ensembles. these leaders audition and select musicians, choose the music most appropriate for their talents and abilities, and direct rehearsals and performances. choral directors lead choirs and glee clubs, sometimes working with a band or an orchestra conductor. directors audition and select singers and lead them at rehearsals and performances in order to achieve harmony, rhythm, tempo, shading, and other desired musical effects.composers create original music such as symphonies, operas, sonatas, radio and television jingles, film scores or popular songs. they transcribe ideas into musical notation, using harmony, rhythm, melody, and tonal structure. although most composers and songwriters practice their craft on instruments and transcribe the notes with pen and paper, some use computer software to compose and edit their music.arrangers transcribe and adapt musical compositions to a particular style for orchestras, bands choral groups, or individuals, components of music-including tempo, volume, and the mix of instruments needed-are arranged to express the composer message. while some arrangers write directly into a musical composition, others use computer software to make sing or play the blues.blues and jazz. iv. 补充练习1. fill in the blanks with proper words. the first letter has been given.(1) now ive used up the a_ given by my parents monthly.(2) at the meeting a new question a _.(3) fans are very d _to their favorite stars.(4) you must meet the d _or you will be dismissed(5) i tried to persuade him q _his present job, but in v_. he still couldnt decide.(6) canton pop is b_ all over the world.(7) super stars usually have their own c _in fashion.(8) s _music is a mixture of gospel ;blues and jazz.(9) human beings should live in h_ with nature.(10) we should keep up with the high p_ of modern life.key: (1) allowance (2) arose (3) devoted (4) deadline (5) quit, vain (6) booming (7) consultants (8) soul (9) harmony (10) pace 2. complete the sentences with proper phrases from the table. make some changes.consist of, be bored with, come out, far from, take advantage of, in order that, try out,make an impression on sb, rather tha