考研英语词汇day 2.doc

Day 2 词汇学习在考研当中的目标1. 要熟悉核心中的难词（也就是有“考相”的单词）2. 能准确知道在核心词范围内的多义词和中心词的范围内的同义，反义词Institute vt. N. Academic institutes Institution 3. 能够在句子中判断什么是词汇的难度表现形式4. 能在句子当中判断词汇的交互关系5. 能够借用句子语法结构判断词义的折射关系6. 能够积累一定数量的核心词，利用考研作文的特点，来有意识的准备PART ONE 核心词汇1. AbandonabideaboardabroadaboundAbuseaccelerateaccessaccessoryAbandon = give up Abandon oneself to despair Abandon a in favor of b Eliminate eradicate abolish Wipe out Comply with conform to Abide by cling to adhere toAbound in 和“充足”有关的核心同义词Sufficient ampleAbundant resources Adequate inadequate of Capable Sb is adequate ofFeel inadequate Surplus working forceSuperfluous redundant AccessHave instant/no/easy access to sth Accelerate accompanyAccommodate affiliate Affirm aggravate assessAffirm confirm Fabric The fabric of society Forsake a for b Exchange a for b Sacrifice a for b Abandon a in favor of Give incentives to Find out synonymous words or expressions for the words listed aboveGain momentum mishandle attachment comply with Conform to withComply with Compliance Gain forsake overseas Community and the extended family have been _ in favor of isolated, two generation households.This approach, originated _, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives._ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly _ speed compared with past.The media launched violent attack against those government officials who _ privileges.The soldier praised by our commander _ in courage and fights bravely in battles.Use the words above to translate the following useful expressions into English自暴自弃 到海外深造 有获得.的捷径Abandon oneself to despair Live in a self-abandoned life Pursue ones study overseas Without, sb would be denied access toAbuse substance Ever accelerating growth of economy Ever widening gap between a and b We come to terms with their view.We acknowledge thatIt is acknowledged that 滥用职权 日益快速发展的经济2. Acclaimaccommodateaccompanyaccumulate Accuseacknowledgeacquireacquaint词形接近Cede ceed pede Impede vt. Intercede exceedPrecede succeed (vt.或+to)Concede to = give in to = yield to.Concede territory to (country)We concede thatWe admit/acknowledge that和 claim 有关的单词I claim /affirm /argue/assert/contend thatClaim damages Reclaim retrieve ACCLAIM Sth wins extensive acclamationCompliment sb on sth. Sb is to blame for sth.Sb should be held accountable forWe should accuse of doing sthClaim acclaim reclaim proclaim Recede concede Predecessor a succession of Intercede Exceed surpass transcend Ascend descendant Be accommodated to AdjusttoAdjust expense to income Adapt oneself toSb is accustomed to sth.Cater for cater toCater to the needs ofGeartoSth should be geared to-Tailorto -AccompanyCompany:Find company in sth.With the accompaniment of = along withCompanion Accumulate Have a cumulative effect onAcclamationConcede pick up assemble come to terms withHold accountable for escort compliment familiarize Hold sb accountable for= accuse sb of sth. Who is to blame for it?The government is held accountable forAll orderss must be _ with cash or else well not deliver the goods.Buying ten books every month, he soon _ a good library.Over the past year, the Chinese government has witnessed many severe tests and has also won extensive _.We are similarly capable of producing a variety of cell phones to _ a number of different individuals.1. We can help students _ a sense of commitment 2. by planning for roles that are within their capabilities and their attention spans and 3. by having clearly stated rules.He has some _ with French, but cant speak it fluently.Federal prosecutors said they expected to file charges in early 2005 against 11 people they _ of forming a terrorists group.The Bush administration argued that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction, but some officials now privately _ the White House had another reason for the war.严厉谴责 伴之以. 适应社会巨大的改变 We should bitterly accuse ofWith the accompaniment of ever accelerating spread of knowledge, Sb should be accommodated to tremendous changes in societyWin extensive acclamation Acquired practical skills/expertise Have previous acquaintance withSb is acquainted with Sb has acquaintance with 获得广泛称誉 习得实用技能 先前对.有一定程度的了解3. Accordance account accuracy adolescent Activate adhere adjoin administerVerge on = adjoin Joint junction conjunction Disjunction Assemble converge Peoples views converge on the issue.Our view diverges from theirs. act in accordance with = adhere to issueThe rapid growth of society sets interpersonal relations in violent motion. 动词+ 复合宾语Set the meeting a date (双宾)The issue sets us thinking.（复宾）The exam should be seen as a chance.We identify and . As.We will have the issue debated at subsequent conferences. set in motion the joke left us laughing wholeheartedly. have n. + do/doing/ed + adj.Hold sb accountable for sth.Set in motion 使。启动，开始We should set in motion radical educational reforms to cater to the needs of current society.Launch Launch an attackInitiate a debate Commence a ceremonyInaugurate a reform Give a precise account ofAccord with GeartoConform with Sb conforms with rulesGo with Tally with Discord with Accurate precise concise inaccurate Definite indefinite Ambiguous plain obscure We should make it plain to sb thatJuvenile crimes Adhere to ones viewCling to ones viewCohesion of the community Administer vt. Prescribe/administer medicine Administer/enforce/implement Tackle the issue Precision interpretation He did not accept as well founded the charge Not. As wellFounded adj. Accept the chance as amazing Embrace the view as practical 1. He didnt accept the charge made by his critics2. as well founded3. that 后置同位语从句while., he had no power to_. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter _ - far greater precision than highly skilled physician can achieve with their hands alone.We found a group who, despite, being below their ideal weight, were still trying to lose weight. They were particular _ girls.The _ of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references.We will handle this issue in _ with international laws and international practices.The students were asked not to wander in front of the houses and other buildings which _ our school.If you often consult others, you will do everything successful,; if you _ stubbornly to your own view, you will get into trouble everywhere.Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off gas that _ disease resistance in neighboring plants.The economic crisis _ a severe blow to the company whose finances have been badly administered. 与.完全相符 Accord fully withDiscord withWe should act in accordance with international practices.We have the ability to acquire, analyze and deduce and generalize basic fact. 严格遵循 Adhere firmly to推动一项全国性的活动 Activate national campaign 负责执行这一方案的机构 An agency which is intended to administer the scheme 4. Adventadverseadvocateaffiliateaffirm Aestheticaffection affluent agenda aggravate Agitate agony Adverse favorable + circumstances Verse: 面 Reverse converse diverseLets shif to the reverse of the debate.Conversely= on the contrary Vert 方向Revert convert divertIts hard to convert him to our perspective. The funds should never be diverted toI argue that/contend that/advocate thatWe are a strong advocate of sth.Provoke provocative Condemn reject Agenda Place sth on agenda Place sth on top of agenda我们要重点去做、重点考虑、非常强调Top priority should be given to.We should take initiatives to do On the top of our agenda is how to do Aggravate deteriorate Interior exterior Upgrade degrade Living standards are deteriorating . The conflict aggravated the regional tensions.Sth (social situation)Sth is deteriorating/evolving/escalating._ into/ develop intoAt first we will have bad dreams. Then later we will progress good ones. During sleep, bad dreams will develop into good ones. Intensify assert sentiment emergence unfavorable provoke Anguish press for well-to-doEvoke arouse Eminent prominent 使。恶化 worsen aggravate 在变糟 deteriorate vi. 加剧 加深Intensify Intense hatred/competition/debate The dinner typifies what is popular among north American families. Strengthen reinforceEnhance Consolidate cement Agitate stir Agitate innocent publicStir up controversyI felt agitated /disturbed/distracted I felt reassured Tract Contract Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to _ and I once enjoyed.International _ account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment.If conflict occurs, we plan to seek the adoption, on an urgent basis, of the new United Nation Security Council resolutions that would _ Iraqs territorial integrity._ circumstances compelled him to close his business.He _ his condition by leaving hospital too soon. As a result, he passed away with regret. Greatly _, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, only to find it locked.I was amazed when l learned that Congress had copyright duration extension high on its _. We know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the _ of dying can make nobody happy.随着新的科技创新的到来 With the advent/accompaniment of new technological innovations 使.(进一步)恶化;加剧 Further aggravate / intensify把.放在优先考虑之列Have/put sth. on the top of (our) agenda 断言.确凿无误 Affirm/ensure the truthfulness of克服逆境 overcome adversity 对.感到不安Be agitated/disturbed about 5. Alertalienallegealleviatealtitude Alliance(ally)allowanceamendamplifyHe is the most likely contender for the champion.Compete forIt is alleged thatIt is acknowledged thatWe come to suspect that.Strange queer/eccentric bizarre Exotic Particular specialBe particular to.Be particular aboutCautious alert Take precaution againstCaution sb _ sth Alert sb _ sthPay attention toAccompanying Cautious alert Discreet prudent vigilant Before taking action, you should use your discretion. Sth is alien to sbHis behaviors alienated himself from the rest of the students. ALLEIVIATE 减轻Alleviate altitude Alleviate + pain/fear/poverty Lessen Relieve disaster/poverty _ Poverty-relieve projectsTitude Longitude latitude Magnitude of the issue Solitude Altitude Multitudes of Sb is adequate to the job.变Vary alterAlternate a and b Rotate amongAmend mend modify Renovate reform revolutionizeMend oneself Remedy the unfavorable situation Rectify deficiency Decline Dwindle Shrink Remedy diminish contend partnership caution Magnify bizarre Remedy recipe _简介总结了议论文的一些开篇方式It was once felt that.It maybe be said thatMyth has it thatRumor has it thatIt is alleged that, whereas I argue /assert/affirm/claim/contend that.Be alert toA cheerful state of mind is better than good medicine in recovering from fatigue and _ pain.There exists a social and cultural disconnection between journalist and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the news room seem _ to many readers.It is _ that the prisoner was at home on the night of the crime and he had no available chance.Articles in the papers Medical Section often _ readers to unsuspected ailment. Hed like to make _ for his crimes by good deeds.We must set out earlier, because we have to make _ for the traffic.As members of the _, we must honor our defense commitments.The sounds of guitar are then _ and sent through the speakers.向.发出警报 (极大地)缓解了(问题;局势) .导致了对.的指控 Sound a warning toAlert sb to sth. Greatly alleviate the (situation/problem)It leads to the allegation of 6. alter alternate alternative altitude analogyAmplify anecdote anguish anonymous appetiteKinship rotate unidentified distressModify urge intensify mythBy _ with the movement of water, Dr. Wood explained the movement of light.Conversation calls for a willingness to _ the role of speaker with that of listener, and it calls for occasional “digestive pauses” by both.Even if automakers modify commercially produced cars to run on _ fuels, the cars wont catch on in a big way unless drivers can fill them up at the gas station.Technically, any substance other than food that _ our bodily or mental functioning is a drug.Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to _ to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board for rate relief.The lecturer told a few jokes and _ to add color to his talk.The news story dwells on the mothers _ at the death of her daughter.He had all the classic symptom of the disease, including loss of _ and high temperature.(但)这并没有(根本地)改变这一事实 别无选择只能去做在.之间进行类比 满足大众对便捷交通的欲望PART TWO 翻译总论考研翻译的总体特征 把握整篇内容,弄清划线部分和其他部分的语法和逻辑的关系, 代词的指代关系尤为常考。例1：In less than 30 years time the Star Trek Holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brains nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. (71) There will be television chats shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. (2001)例2：If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) 1on the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities 2in a manner 3which is parallel to the links 4journalists forge /on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. (2007)The superiority of a to b is easy to figure out.This was the last time I found her alive.She has a dad, who works in a factory. 分析划线部分的语法结构并把主干和修饰成分拆分出来成分通畅翻译的敲门砖。 （拆分+组合） 句子是按照英文语法进行拆分，再按照汉语表达流畅的原则进行组合！组合最常见的两种情况是：1. 按照原文语序顺译， 但要加词翻成多个完整句。 Shanghai is on its way to becoming international . Shanghai is a metroplis in East Asia on its way to becoming international . Shanghai, located at the Yangtze Rivers entry into East Sea, is a metropolis with tremendous economic dynamics well on its way to becoming international , where EXPO, a milestone event with no less social impact than Beijing Olympics, is scheduled for next May.2. 打乱原文语序，按照汉语的表达原则把不同的版块进行重组。There is a disjunction between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics. 例3：First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as in an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life /the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems. Have the ability to do Have the obligation of doing sthHave the honor to do He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in a way as convincing as possible n as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. (2006)There does exist a disjunction between theoretical knowledge imparted to college students and practical skills demanded on job markets. Be viewed asBe seen as Be labeled as(46) 拆分： a. I shall define him asb. who句末c. electas(原句中有倒装)(47) 拆分：a. His function is analogous to b. who must accept the obligation of the revealing the course of reasoning修饰judge(原句中有一个复杂的被提前的方式状语)c. which led to his decision句子拆分的基本原则基本原则：前提:一山不容二虎错句！ We will not pay ransom, dont do deals for hostages. The man had been reproached by his daughter was angry he deserted his mother for twenty years.按照分隔符号进行拆分（标点符号）Scientific creationism, which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classrooms, is based on religion, not science.按连词和从句的关系词进行拆分While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conform to one that see