八年级英语二知识点总结.doc

Unit 2 How often do you exercise？1，How 如何（方式）how long 多长（时间）答语常用“（For/ about +）时间段”how far多远（距离）答语常用“（Its +）数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”how often多久一次（频率）答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/”或 “次数+时间”等表频率的状语How soon多快，多久以后，常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”how many多少（接可数名词） how much（接不可数名词）2，exercise作v 锻炼，运动 作c 操，练习 do morning/ eye exercises 作uc 锻炼 take much/ more exercise3，at+钟点 at 7 oclock at noon/ at night（during/ in the day） at this/ that time at the age ofon+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天、纪念日、节日 on April 1st on Sunday on a cold winter morning on Teachers Dayin +上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季节、年代、世纪 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening in 1999 in August in autumn in 1960s in the 21st century4，help sb （to）do sthhelp sb with sthwith sbs help= with the help of sb5，do（the）housework= do chores6，频度副词（行前be 后）Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never7，sometimes 有时（频度副词）（how often 提问） sometime（将来）有朝一日，（曾经）某天（when） Some times 几次，几倍 (how many times) some time 一段时间（前面用介词for）(how long)8，go shopping= do some shopping9，once twice three times10，at once，right now，right away， in a minute，in a moment，in no time 立刻，马上 once more再一次，重新 once upon a time 从前，曾经11，every day 每天 everyday日常的，每天的12，on the internet13，whats your favorite program？=what program do you like best？14，free 空闲的 in ones free time be free 自由的 as free as a fish freedom n.自由 免费的 The best things in life are free.15，be full =be busy忙的 be busy doing sth/ be busy with sthbe full of充满 eg：The bottle is full of milk.16，How come？怎么会？为什么？ 17，may be 为情态动词+动词原形，在句子中做谓语，maybe是副词，表示可能，大概，一般放在句首(perhaps)。18，stay up doing sth熬夜做某事19，stay/ keep healthy be in good/ bad/ poor health be good/ bad for ones health20，at least=no less than at most=no more than21，ask sb about sth ask sb（not）to do sth ask sb for help/ advice/ information22，the result of的结果 as a result 结果23，be surprised that/ be surprised at/ be surprised to do 对很惊讶To ones surprise另某人惊讶的是 in surprise惊讶地24，the answer to the question，a key to the door，a ticket to the ball game25，although=though（与but不能连用）Even though/ if即使，尽管 as though/ if仿佛，好像26，by介词+n/ v-ing/ 代词 通过方式by oneself独自地 by the way顺便问/说一下 by chance/ accident偶然地 by mistake错误地 learn by heart记住27，the best way/ time to do 做某事最好的方式/时间28，4个花费：人+spend/ spends/ spent+时间/钱+（in）doing sth/ on sth spend time with sb 人+pay/ pays/ paid +钱+for sth It takes/ took sb +时间+to do sth 物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb +钱29，die v.死亡，消失 died过去式dead adj死亡的，无生命的 dead dog have/ has been dead for=diedagodying adj垂死的，快死的death n 死亡 the death of30，before its too late趁来得及31，“数字+percent of+ n”作主语，谓语动词取决于n Eg：Twenty percent of the students exercise every day. Twenty percent of time passes.32，no one =nobody指人，回答who，anyone，anybody的提问None指人或物，可接of 短语，（all 3）回答how many/ much，any，及有特定范围（which）的提问nothing指物，回答what，anything的提问(一) 重点句型 1.-What do you usually do on weekends? -I often go to the movies. (1) on weekends/on the weekend在周末 (2) go to the movies 去看电影 (3) 第一个do 助动词 第二个do 实意动词 2. hardly ever 几乎从不 hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever起强调作用。hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不没有）”，相当于almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。 E.g. She hardly eats anything. 辨析: hardly 和hard hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”； hard作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。 hardly意为“几乎不” (1) The ground is too to dig (2) I can understand them. (3) Its raining ,the people can go outside. 3. -How often do you watch TV? -Twice a week. (1) how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。 (2) twice a week 一周两次 拓展: 一次 once 两次 twice 三次或三次以上 基数词+ times three times four times 4. Whats your favorite program? = What program do you like best? 你最喜欢的节目是什么？ 5. How come?怎么回事？怎么会？ 表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词why。但how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。 How come you didnt tell me about it? = Why you didnt tell me about it? 6. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。 maybe 副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 E.g. Maybe he knows the way to the park. 辨析：maybe 与 may be maybe副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构，意为“可能是”。 (1) The baby is crying she is hungry. (2) The woman a teacher . 7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 询问某人某事8. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网，而另外10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。 (1) other: adj. 其他的+名词 the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内) onethe other 一个另一个 E.g. One of them is blue，the other ones are purple. 它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。 others: 其他的东西 the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内) E.g. One of the children likes reading，the others like singing. 后句可替换为the other students like singing. (2) at least 至少 at most 最多，至多 E.g. I have ten yuan in my pocket at most. 9. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。 10. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。 the answers to our questions 问题的答案 dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞 key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙 11. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。 12. It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。 (1) Its +adj.+to do sth 做某事的 E.g. Its very easy to learn English well. (2) by doing sth. 通过做某事 (3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式13. It is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。 stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 14. Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。 (二)语法知识: 频度副词 1. 频度副词的含义 (1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。 常用的频度副词按高低依次为 always usually so