英语完形填空复习要点.doc

完形填空复习要点阐述 今天我们复习完形填空，主要复习以下内容：一、完形填空1完形填空的内容及解读。2完形填空考题题型。3完形填空做题技巧。要点复习的策略及技巧提到完形填空，大部分同学都会认为很难得分，其实完形填空是对学生的一种全面的考查题。这要求学生加强对基础知识的学习。在写作和语言知识的灵活运用上狠下功夫，在平时的学习中要强调语言的功用，既要熟悉语法，又不能一味以语法为中心，脱离语言的实际交际作用。一、完形填空的内容及解读1完形填空试题主要以设空并且给出所设空的相关选项让学生选择这种形式来考查，一般为一篇文章1015个小题，个别省市是两篇文章。2要求学生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，选择适合文章情节的答案。3题材广泛，涉及社会生活，风土人情，人文环境，传记故事等多个方面。4在整体理解文章内容的基础上，主要考查词汇、语法、句型结构等语言方面的知识。5文章结构严谨，层次分明，充分考查学生对语篇整体把握能力。6从选择最佳答案中，增加词义辨析来考查学生的灵活运用能力。7以单词填空为主，短语整体填空为辅。近几年的完形填空绝大部分是单词填空，短语的填空数量很少。8备选答案多以实词为主，虚词为辅；而虚词又以连词、介词为主。我们先来看一篇完形填空。Once upon a time, there was a child ready to be born. So 1he asked God,“they tell me you are sending me to 2, but being so small and helpless, 3am I going to live there?”“4the many angels(天使), I choose one for you. She will be waiting for you and will take care of you.”God replied.“But here in Heaven(天堂)，I do 5else but sing and smile! Thats enough for me to be happy.”God said,“Your angel will sing and smile for you every day. And you will feel your angles love and be 6.”The child said,“And how am I going to be able to understand when people talk to me 7I dont know the language that men speak?”God told the child,“Your angel will tell you the most beautiful and sweetest words you will ever hear, and with 8patience(耐心) and care, your angel will teach you 9.”The child said,“Ive 10that on the earth there are bad men, who will protect me?”God said,“Your angel will protect you 11it means risking her life(冒生命危险).”“But I will always be sad because I will not see you any more.”“Your angel will always talk to you about 12and in fact, I will always be next to you.”At the moment there was much peace(静寂) in Heaven, but voices from the earth could already be heard, and the child, in a hurry, asked,“Oh, God, if I am about to 13now, please tell me my angles 14！”“It is not hard to remember,”God replied 15.“You will call your angel Mommy.”1Aevery dayBany day Cone day Dsome day2Athe earthBthe moon Cthe country Dthe sea3AwhereBhow Cwhy Dwhen4ABetweenBFor CAmong DWith5AnothingBeverythingCanything Dsomething6Alonely Bhappy Cexcited Dsurprised7Athough Bwhether Cafter Dif8Ano BlittleCmuch Dsome9Awhere to goBhow to speakCwhat to say Dwhich to choose10Aheard BrememberedCforgotten Dsaid11AwhenBas soon asCsince Deven if12AmeByou Cus Dher13Adie BworkCstudy Dleave14Aaddress BnameCnumber Djob15Aangrily Bsadly Csoftly Dshyly答案与解析：1C由前文可知“有个孩子即将出生，所以有一天他问上帝”，one day“有一天”；every day“每天”；any day“任何一天”，均不符合句意。2A由上文可知是孩子即将出生，所以是来到“地球上”，即the earth。3B上句说“我如此弱小和无助”，所以下句是问“我将在那儿如何生存?”所以填how，对方式进行提问。4C根据句意“在众多的天使当中，我将为你选择一位”，many angels其范围前只能用among，表示“三者或三者以上之中”。5A“在天堂里除唱歌和微笑外我不用做任何事情”，nothing but意为“只有，除之外，什么也没有”。6B此句意为“你的天使会每天都给你唱歌和微笑，你会感受到她的爱，所以你会很快乐”，其他三个选项均不符合句意。7D此处需用if引导一个条件状语从句，意为“如果我不懂人们的语言，当他们与我谈话时，我将如何理解呢?”8C根据上文可知天使具有信大的耐心和关怀，所以用much。9B上文讨论的主要是语言问题，所以可推知此处上帝告诉他“你的天使会教你如何说话。”10A此处意思是“听说”。11Deven if“即使，即便”，句意为“你的天使即使冒着生命危险也会保护你”。12A由上句“以后看不见你我会伤心的”，可推知下句上帝意为“你的天使会经常向你谈起我”。13Dbe about to将要”，因为孩子即将离开上帝，来到地球上，所以此空填leave。14B根据下句上帝的回答“You will call your angel Mommy”可知是问名字。15C整篇文章讲述的主要是孩子和上帝之间的对话，从文章整体来看，只有softly最能体现上帝说话时的语言。这篇文章是一个故事，考查了词汇、语法、语境、句型结构等方面的内容。让我们来读一下这篇文章，根据答案来体会一下完形填空对一个学生的基本要求。Once upon a time, there was a child ready to be born. So one day he asked God,“they tell me you are sending me to the earth, but being so small and helpless, how am I going to live there?”“Among the many angels (天使), I choose one for you. She will be waiting for you and will take care of you.”God replied.“But here in Heaven (天堂)，I do nothing else but sing and smile! Thats enough for me to be happy.”God said,“Your angel will sing and smile for you every day. And you will feel your angles love and be happy.”The child said,“And how am I going to be able to understand when people talk to me if I dont know the language that men speak?”God told the child,“Your angel will tell you the most beautiful and sweetest words you will ever hear, and with much patience (耐心) and care, your angel will teach you how to speak.”The child said,“Ive heard that on the earth there are bad men, who will protect me?”God said,“Your angel will protect you even if it means risking her life (冒生命危险).”“But I will always be sad because I will not see you any more.”“Your angel will always talk to you about me and in fact, I will always be next to you.”At the moment there was much peace (静寂)in Heaven, but voices from the earth could already be heard, and the child, in a hurry, asked,“Oh, God, if I am about to leave now, please tell me my angles name！”“It is not hard to remember,”God replied softly.“You will call your angel Mommy.”看了这篇文章后，同学们就会看出，完形填空对学生的要求是全方位的要求的，从第一个空来看，你应该熟悉词汇知识。从第二个空的选项中，你可以体会得到你必须了解除了英语以外的知识。第三个空是语法内容，对方式提问用How。第四个空是介词among的用法。第五个空是搭配用法“nothing but”。第六个空要体会前面的文段，才能选出“happy”。第七个空考的是条件状语从句。第八个空考的是词汇的用法。第九个空考查根据上文推断下文等等。二、完形填空的题型1词汇题。这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。2动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。这类题也是从语境的层次上来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。3常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。这种题涉及到动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。4句法题。这种题型涉及到简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等等。5逻辑分析题。这种题型主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。这些题型并不是单一存在的，有时可能同时出现。三、完形填空题的做题技巧1略读全文，掌握大意。略读即快速地读，以了解文章内容、结构为目的。完形填空首先是测试理解能力，所有的题目只有在比较准确地理解短文意思，了解其文章结构和句子结构后，才能有把握去选填。很多考生在考试时为了节省时间，边读边选，但这样做是十分容易出错的。因为边读边选会一再打断阅读理解的整体连贯性，不易统览全文，理清文章的脉络。边读边选还很有可能造成断章取义，一空填错，后面都跟着填错。较好的办法还是先花12分钟把文章略读一下，注意：快读的目标是读懂，只快不懂或似懂非懂，走个过场，那只是浪费时间和精力。考生要根据文章内容和自己的情况，调整自己的阅读速度。略读之后，对文章的内容、结构及文章的主要线索，都要心中有数。完形填空短文的第一句通常不挖空。这是便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。第一句也常直接点明主题内容，是设置语境的框架性句子。通读全文时，不要拘泥于一词一义的理解。对个别不认识的单词、短语，只要不影响理解全文就可以不管它。2瞻前顾后，谨慎选择文意既明，就开始选择。完形填空的每个空格究竟该选哪个选择项才恰当，取决于以下几个方面：第一，语境。语境即上下文。它包括选择项与所在句子中的语义联系。所在句与周围语句的意义上的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文所起的作用以及与文章内容主线的关系。有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易地做出正确判断，而有些选择项则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。第二，语法知识。从语言环境角度筛选后，不能得出最终答案，还要从语法角度再考虑动词的形式，句子的结构等。第三，必要的常识。第四，注意同义词、近义词的细微区别和一些固定搭配。总之，判断正确答案要从多角度去考虑，把语境、语法、词法、常识、固定搭配等有机地结合起来综合考虑是做完形填空题的最佳方法。3复读全文，仔细检查完成选择后，最好再用一两分钟将短文从头看一遍。为了使这一遍阅读顺畅，建议考生第二步就把选择的词语填在空格中。阅读时，对感觉不恰当的，可尝试这样的解题步骤：第一步：纵观加联想。通读全文，掌握大意。在通读的过程中，通过前后联想，猜测空格词的意思，以期达到掌握大意的目的。第二步：先易且定夺。对照选项再读全文。验证、修正原来的猜测，将有把握的答案确定下来。这时往往绝大多数小题都已解出。第三步：攻难再复读。重点检查尚未解出的小题的前后句子，解出那些原来拿不准的少数题。第四步：反思并修正。将所选单词放入原文中。重读全文，看看有无逻辑上的问题，以便发现错误、改正错误。我们来看一篇完形填空。Life is not easy, so Id like to say“When anything happens, believe in yourself.”When I was a young boy, I was 1shy to talk to anyone. My classmates often 2me. I was sad but could do nothing. Later, 3happened, and it changed my life. It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to 4it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to speak 5all the teachers and students of my school!“Come on, boy. Believe in yourself. You are sure to 6.”Then mother and I talked about many different topics. At last I 7the topic“Believe in yourself”. I tried my best to remember all the speech and practiced it over 100 8. With my mothers great love, I did 9in the contest. I could hardly believe my 10when the news came that I had won the first place. I heard the cheers(赞美) 11the teachers and students. Those classmates 12once looked down on(瞧不起) me, now all said“Congratulations!”13me. My mother hugged me and cried excitedly.14then, everything has changed for me. When I do anything, I try to tell 15to be sure and I will find myself. This is true not only for a person but also for a country.1AtooBsoCquiteDvery2Amade faces atBlooked afterCcaught up with Dlaughed at3AnothingBsomething Ceverything Danything4Atake part inBjoinCget Dmake5AwithBtoCamong Dbefore6AloseBwin Cpass Dbeat7Abrought Breached Cthought Dchose8AwordsBtimes Ctopics Dsentences9AwellBgoodCbad Dinterested10AresultBspeechCeyes Dears11AfromBofCfor Dto12AwhenBwhatCwhich Dwho13AtoBatCwith Don14AExcept BSince CBefore DFrom15AsomeoneBmeCeveryone Dmyself答案与解析：lAtooto do意为“太而不能”，此句意为“我太胆小了不敢和别人谈话”。so后面应用that从句，不符合要求。2D由上句意思可知“同学们都嘲笑我胆小”，laugh at“嘲笑”；make faces“做鬼脸”；catch up with“赶上”；look after“照看”。3B此句意思是“后来，发生了一件事，这件事改变了我的生活”。something“某件事”。4Ait指代English speech contest，意思是“参加英语竞赛”，take part in指参加各种活动，运动项目；而join指参加某种团体、组织，所以选A。5D在所有老师和同学面前演讲，before“在前面”。6B“相信你自己，你一定会赢”，win“赢”(指比赛，项目)。7D根据上句“我们讨论了许多不同的话题”可知最后是选择了一个题目。choose“选择”，chose是动词过去式形式。8B由句意可知是“练习了100多次”。times“次数”。9A固定短语do well in意为“在做得好”。10D听到好消息时我很难相信自己“耳朵”，所以用ears。11A“the cheers”应该是“来自于老师和同学们”，from表示“来自于”。12D此句是个定语从句，先行词“Those classmates”指人，所以关系代词用who。13Asayto sb.“对某人说”，say Congratulation to me意为“向我表示祝贺”。14B由句意可知“自从那个时候起，对我来说一切都变了”，since“自从以来”常与现在完成时连用。15D“当我做任何事情时，我都告诉自己要有信心”，所以用myself。其他选项不符合句意。首先我们来做第一步。略读全文，掌握大意。先不看选项，只看全文。我们通常称为跳过空格读一遍。接着我们来做第二步。瞻前顾后，看选项谨慎选择。然后我们做第三步。复读全文，仔细检查，把选项的词填上去，再读一遍。注意在做完形填空时，一定要多读几遍，切忌边读边填，读一遍就OK的做法。文章选项的答案的填词（设计在最后时，把答案填在空格上）Life is not easy, so Id like to say“When anything happens, believe in yourself.”When I was a young boy, I was too shy to talk to anyone. My classmates often laughed at me. I was sad but could do nothing. Later, something happened, and it changed my life. It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to speak beforeall the teachers and students of my school!“Come on, boy. Believe in yourself. You are sure to win.”Then mother and I talked about many different topics. At last I chose the topic“Believe in yourself”. I tried my best to remember all the speech and practiced it over 100 times. With my mothers great love, I did well in the contest. I could hardly believe my ears when the news came that I had won the first place. I heard the cheers(赞美) from the teachers and students. Those classmates who once looked down on(瞧不起)me, now all said“Congratulations!”to me. My mother hugged me and cried excitedly.Since then, everything has changed for me. When I do anything, I try to tell myself to be sure and I will find myself. This is true not only for a person but also for a country.典例剖析2008黄冈市中考题阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。China is a great country with 5,000 years of history. There are many places of interest 1attract millions of tourists form all over the world every year. Some of them are fantastic lakes, beautiful mountains and long rivers.Many mountains, such as Mount Tai, Mount Emei, Mount Hua are very famous. People go to Mount Tai 2the sun rise. 3the rivers the Yangtze River is the longest one and the second 4one is the Yellow River. They are the birthplaces of 5.Have you 6the love story about Xu Xian and White Snake? It is said that the story 7on West Lake. West Lake is the most fantastic place that I have ever visited. It 8in Hangzhou, Zheijiang Province. It is surrounded on three sides by mountains. Many tourist attractions there are well worth 9, such as Sudi Causeway, the Broken Bridge and Leifeng Pagoda. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose 10in it.West Lake has become 11its special scenery 12some beautiful poems. These poems 13by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo. 14, the surrounding area of West Lake is the home of the famous Dragon Well Tea.Have you ever 15West Lake? If not, look for a chance to go the fantastic place!1AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhere2AsawBto see CseeingDlook3ABetweenBAmongCInDBeyond4Along Blonger Clongest Dvery long5AChina cultureBChina cultures CChinese cultureDChinese cultures6AheardBheard of Chear aboutDhear of7Awas taken placeBwas happenedChappened toDhappened8Alies Blie Clays Dis lying8AvisitedBto visitCvisitDvisiting9AhimBthemCthemselves Dhimself11Afamous forBfamous as Cfamous Dknown as12Aas wellBas well as Calso Dbut13AwroteBwere written Care writtenDwas written14ABesidesBButCAndDWhile15Abeen Bbeen toCgone toDbeen in黄冈市目前初中使用的是仁爱版的教材，这篇完形填空综合了课本中的内容，是一篇很有趣的文章。首先我们跳过空格读一遍，不看选项。文章的整体内容就在你的脑海里形成了。大部分空格不需要看选项你心中就知道大概需要那一种内容的词了。然后我们来瞻前顾后，谨慎选择。要确信在文章中总有一个地方在提示你，挑选什么选项。你一定要把它找出来。我们来看看这15个选项。1A解析：which这里指代many places of interest。2B解析：不定式这里表目的。句意：人们去泰山是为了看日出。3B解析：among指“在三者或三者以上之中”；between指“两者之中”；in在之内；beyond超出。根据句意可知B正确。4C解析：句意：在所有的河流中，长江是最长的河，黄河是第二长河。5C解析：China中国；Chinese中国的。修饰culture用Chinese。culture文化，是不可数名词。故选C。6B解析：heard of听说。句意：你听过关于许仙和白蛇的爱情故事吗? 7D解析：句意：据说这个故事发生在西湖上。这里故事发生是自己发生，用主动语意，故排除A、B。happen to碰巧，不符合题意。故D正确。8A解析：句意：它位于浙江省杭州市。根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时，故排除B、D。lay放，搁，不符合题意。故A正确。9D解析：be worth doing值得做某事。10C解析：此处themselves指前面提到的visitors。11A解析：be famous for以闻名。12B解析：西湖以它特殊的景色和一些优美诗而闻名。as well as与一样；also也；but但是。根据句意可知B项正确。13B解析：句意：这些诗是白居易和苏东坡写的。根据句意可知此处为被动语态，故排除A。又因此处动作发生在过去，且poems为复数，可排除C、D。14A解析：besides除此之外；but但是；and并；while而。句