机械英语一般工程词汇.doc

附表一般工程词汇长度length宽度width高度height深度depth距离distance间隙clearance位移displacement面积area体积volume重量weight质量mass比重specificgravity密度density时间time周期period加速度velocity,speed重力加速度accelerationofgravity力force合力resultant分力component力矩moment转矩torque,twistingmoment弯矩bendingmoment压强pressure大气压atmosphericpressure声压级(SPL)SoundPressureLevel应力stress应变strain变形deformation拉伸stretching压缩compressing弯曲bending扭转twisting强度strength刚度stiffness硬度hardness黏度viscosity运动黏度kinematicviscosity能量energy动能kineticenergy位能potentialenergy功work功率power温度temperature热heat热容量thermalcapacity比热specificheat热功当量Joulesequivalent传热系数coefficientofheattransfer加热heating冷却cooling膨胀expansion固体solid液体liquid气体gas蒸发evaporation溶解dissolve融化melt凝结condensation凝固solidification电路electriccircuit串联serialconnection并联parallelconnection电荷electriccharge电压voltage电位potential电流current直流(D.C.)DirectCurrent交流(A.C.)AlternativeCurrent电阻resistance电容量capacity电容器condenser电感inductance电极electrode正极anode负极cathode电离ionization电解electrolysis电镀electroplating电泳electrophoresis磁场强度magneticfieldintensity磁通量magneticflux光通量luminousflux光照度photometricquantity发光强度luminousintensity工程图technicaldrawing图板drawingboard图纸drawingpaper描图纸tracingpaper投影projection前视图frontendview侧视图sideview左视图leftendview右视图rightendview俯视图planview剖面section剖视sectionview实线fullline虚线brokenline,dottedline点划线chainline尺寸线dimensionline方形square长方形rectangle三角形triangle圆形circle内接圆inscribedcircle外切圆circumscribedcircle直尺ruler三棱尺triangularscale三角板setsquare丁字尺teesquare,Tsquare圆规compasses分规divider曲线板curve鸭嘴笔drawingpen锤子hammer斧子ax,axe螺丝刀screwdriver扳手wrench,spanner活动扳手adjustablewrench扳手套筒socket钳子pliers火钳子tongs虎钳vice刀子knife刮刀scraper剪子scissors镊子tweezers夹子clip夹紧器clamp锉刀file凿子，錾子chisel冲子punch锥子awl锯子saw刨子plane钻drill砧铁anvil直角尺square内卡规insidecalipers外卡规outsidecalipers游标卡尺verniercalipers千分卡尺micrometerguage高度尺heightgauge千分表dialindicator水平（泡）尺waterlevel画针盘markinggauge螺纹threads螺栓bolt双头螺柱stud螺钉screw十字槽螺钉crossrecessedscrew螺母nut开槽螺母castlenut蝶形螺母flynut,wingnut垫圈washer弹簧垫圈lockwasher开口销splitpin,cotterpin键key花键spline直齿齿轮spurgear斜齿齿轮helicalgear伞齿轮bevelgear球轴承ballbearing滚子轴承rollerbearing滚针轴承needlerollerbearing轴承外圈outerrace轴承内圈innerrace隔离罩，保持架cage,retainer铸造，铸件casting锻造，锻件forging轧制，轧制件rolling冲压，冲压件stamping焊接，焊缝welding电弧焊arcwelding气焊oxyacetylenewelding点焊spotwelding铆接，铆钉rivet机械加工machinework切削cutting车削turning刨削planing铣削milling钻削drilling绞孔fraising磨削grinding镗削boring拉削broaching抛光polishing热处理heattreatment淬火hardening,quenching退火annealing回火tempering正火normalizing车床lathe龙门刨床planer牛头刨床shaper插床verticalshaper铣床millingmachine钻床drillingmachine磨床grinder,grindingmachine外圆磨床externalgrinder内圆磨床internalgrinder平面磨床surfacegrinder镗床boringmachine拉床broacher床头箱headstock(gearbox)卡盘，夹盘chuck尾座tailstock走刀箱toolcarrier模具die,mold气锤pneumatichammer压床pre