therebe句型的学习.doc

There be句型There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地（或某时）存在有某人（或某物），而并非某地（某人、某物或某时）拥有什么东西”，其形式为“There be代词或名词（短语）地点时间状语”。（其实质句式为倒装句）这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词（短语）是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be （或其否定式）there”构成。例如： 1There is a desk and two chairs in the room（紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is） 2There arent two chairs and a desk in the room（否定句） 3Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there isNo，there isnt） 4There wasnt a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑问句） 除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语”。例如： There are several children swimming in the river河里有几个孩子在游泳。 不难看出，各种时态的变化是通过 be动词的变化来体现的。我们在使用过程中，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。 例如：我们要说“明天有一个班会。”（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow（）（2）There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow（）有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall（“地图”为三班学生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three（“地图”存在于三班） 由此看来，There will have是错误的搭配方式。 There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题： 1There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如： （1）There is _ on the floor （2）There are _ on the floor 选项：Acat Bwater Cboxes Dfootball解析：（1）由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知（2）应选C。 2如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，som e，few，a few，m any或用数词 hundredthousandmillion，hundreds thousandsmillions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如： （1）There were _ students in our school Ahundreds Beight hundred Ceight hundreds of （2）There is _ waterYou neednt get some more Afew Blittle Cmuch 解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，（2）由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。 3注意不定代词的用法。 （1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge（2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如：There is something interesting in todays newspaper 4There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。 如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？ 但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isnt there？ 5要注意句子前后意思的一致性。 有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：（1）There is _ foodYou neednt buy any（2） There is _ foodYou have to buy some（Aany Bsome Cno）从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：（1）B，（2）C。 6There be 句型还有就近一致原则：即be动词的数应与离他最近的一个主语保持一致。例如：用be 动词的适当形式填空（1） There _ an apple and three oranges on the table.（2）_ there three oranges and an apple on the table?解析：（1）因为该句中an apple才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非an apple and three oranges是句子的主语，故而（1）的答案应为is 。 （2）因为该句中three oranges才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非three oranges and an apple是句子的主语，故而（2）的答案应为Are 。 There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语”。另外，我还得提醒一下同学们，如果要表达诸如“这里/那里（挺漂亮）等”这样的修饰句型，应用“Its here/there.”而不是“Here/there is”。 下面是一些英语中考试题原题: 1Oh，there isnt enough _ for us in the lift It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next Aground Bfloor Cplace Droom 2There _ an English Evening next Tuesday Awas Bwill be Cwill have Dare going to be 3There _ a football game in our school Ahas Bwill have Cwill be 4There is going to _ a report _ Chinese history in our school this evening Ahave；on Bbe；on Chave；for Dbe；of 5There is _ food hereWell have to buy some Aany Bsome Cno 6There are _ days in a week Athe seven Bseventh Cthe seventh Dseven 7There are few _ in the fridgeLets go and buy some peas，carrots and cabbages Avegetables Bfruit Cmeat Deggs 8Look！There are some _ on the floor Achild Bwater Cboxes Dgirl 9There were two _ people at yesterdays meeting Ahundreds Bhundreds of Chundred 10The letter from my uncle was shortThere wasnt _ news Amany Ba few Cmuch Dfew 11There is _ interesting on this channelTry others Anothing Bnone Canything Dno 12There is _ interesting in the film，so _ is interested in it Asomething；nobody Bnothing；somebody Canything；anybody Dnothing；nobody 13There is _ in todays newspaper Anothing new Banything new Cnew anything Dnew something 14There is _ in todays newspaper Anew anything Bnew something Canything new Dsomething new 15There will be a volleyball match in our school， _ ？ Abe there Bis there Cwill there Dwont there16There is _ in the bagIts empty Anothing Bsomething Canything Dsomebody 17There is _ knocking at the doorGo and see who it is Anobody Bsomebody Canybody Deverybody 18Is there _ wrong with me， doctor？ Im afraid soYour heart is beating a bit too slow Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing 19There is little water in the bottle， _ _ ？ A. is there B. are there C. isnt there D. arent there20There is something unusual on the island， _ _ ？ A. is there B. are there C. isnt there D. arent there 参考答案15 D B C B C610 D A C C C 1115 A D A D D1618 A B B A C作者简介 ： 邹长平，简阳市五合中学英语教研组组长，中学英语一级教师。曾先后在四川招生考试报中考周刊英语角发表有表语形容词的特点及其用法（2004-4-14）析 another,other,the other,others和 the others 的用法（2005-3-23）英语中表“也”的几种用法（2006-1-4），小议have后接动词的用法(2006-3-29),浅谈不规则动词中的变化规律（2006-11-29），主将从现中考专题练（2007-1-10）在英语周报发