人教版必修三Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note grammar课时作业 (4).docx

unit 3 the million pound bank note grammar课时作业第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。a(20172018太原市第一学期阶段测评)the wedding tradition of“something old，something new，something borrowed and something blue”has been around for hundreds of years.the tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple.have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means？what is its origin and what does each item represent?the original saying dates back to the victoria times and states，“something old，something new，something borrowed，something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.”something old a bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life.many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old item.some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother.in many cases，something old may also be something borrowed.something new wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the brides new life and in her marriage.if the bride purchases her wedding dress，it may represent her new item，but any item that is new may be used.something“new” is usually the easiest kind to fill.something borrowed the borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married.it is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to your marriage.some brides borrow an item of clothing，a piece of jewelry，a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(饰以珠子的)purse.something blue wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity，fidelity and love.a silver sixpence placing a silver sixpence in the brides left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth.this not only refers to financial wealth，but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life.since most brides probably dont even know what a sixpence is，this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times.however，if a bride would like to include it in her wedding，she can purchase a silver sixpence from many companies that sell bridal supplies such as garters (袜带)and invitations.1why does the first paragraph end with two questions?ato invite readers to answer them at once.bto show the importance of this tradition.cto have readers interest and attention.dto test readers knowledge about wedding.2which of the following statements is true?asomething old might also be something borrowed actually.bthe part of the tradition“a silver sixpence”is never used now.cthe borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friend.dsomething new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill.3what can we infer from the passage?ano brides now are not familiar with the silver sixpence.bevery item represents something good for the new couple.cthe bride will be more beautiful with all these five items.dof the five items，something blue is the most important one.4which word can replace the underlined word“fidelity” in the sixth paragraph?asuccess. bwealth.cloyalty. dopportunity.【解题导语】本文是一篇总分结构的说明文，介绍了西方一种传统的婚礼习俗的起源和含义。1c考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，这两个问句承上启下，引起读者的阅读兴趣和注意力。2a考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“in many cases, something old may also be something borrowed”可知，一些老的物件也可以是借来的。根据最后一段中的“this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times”可知，b选项错误；根据第五段中的“the borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married ”可知，c项错在“any friend”； d项与文中的“somethingnewis usually the easiest kind to fill”不符，故排除。3b考查推理判断。通读全文可推测出，这几样新婚佩戴的物件都会给新婚夫妇带来好处。根据最后一段中的“since most brides probably dont even know what a sixpence is”可知，现在大部分新娘都不知道六便士硬币是什么，故a选项“现在，新娘都熟悉六便士硬币”错误；c选项错误，文中只说这些物件会给新婚夫妇带来好处，并未涉及新娘佩戴这些物件后是否漂亮的问题；这五种物件哪个更重要文中并未提及，因此d项错误。4c考查词义猜测。根据语境并结合画线词前的purity和其后的love可推知，“fidelity”此处意思为“忠诚”，即“loyalty”。b(2018吉林省长春七校高三第一次联考)joseph goldberger was a doctor for the united states public health service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease.in 1914，goldberger was asked by us surgeon general rupert blue to study a skin disease that was killing thousands of people in the south.the disease was pellagra(糙皮病)goldberger traveled to the state of mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra.he studied the victims and their families.most of the people lived a hard life.the doctor came to believe that the disease didnt pass on from one to another，but was instead related to food.he received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison.prisoners were offered pardons if they took part.one group of prisoners received their usual foods，mostly corn products.a second group ate meat，fresh vegetables and drank milk.members of the first group developed pellagra.the second group did not.but some medical researchers refused to accept goldbergers idea.for the south，pellagra was more than simply a medical problem.there were other things，including southern pride.so goldberger had himself injected(注射)with blood from a person with pellagra.he also took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put them into his own nose and throat.he even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients.an assistant also took part in the experiments.so did goldbergers wife.none of them got sick.joseph goldberger died of cancer in 1929.he was fiftyfive years old.several years later，researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra：a lack of vitamin b3 known as niacin.5who were easy targets of pellagra according to goldberger?apeople in america.bpeople put into prison.cpeople having a poor diet.dpeople touching pellagra patients.6what did goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in paragraph 4?apellagra wasnt so terrible.bpellagra didnt spread.cpellagra could be cured.dpellagra wasnt a medical problem.7which words can be used to describe goldberger?adevoted and determined.bselfless and friendly.cpatient and expert.dstubborn and enthusiastic.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国医生joseph goldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程。joseph goldberger医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动。【难句分析】the doctor came to believe that the disease didnt pass on from one to another，but was instead related to food.分析：本句是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的主从复合句。that 从句中，but连接两个并列的谓语。译文：这位医生渐渐相信这种病不是传染性的，而是与食物有关。5c考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“most of the people lived a hard life.the disease didnt pass on from one to another，but was instead related to food”，再结合goldberger在监狱进行的实验的内容可知，在joseph goldberger看来，糙皮病和食物有关，而且患者大多生活条件差；再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知，不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病。6b考查推理判断。根据第二段中提到的goldberger认为糙皮病不是传染病以及第四段中提到的他为了证明自己的观点而进行的实验的内容(将患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的体内、将糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液体放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮病病人的皮肤组织的药丸)和结果(他没患病)可推知，goldberger进行实验是为了证明糙皮病不传染。7a考查推理判断。文中提到的goldberger在监狱及在他自己身上做实验的内容表明他全心全意地投入到对糙皮病的研究中，有奉献精神；尽管一些人不认可goldberger的观点，但他仍坚持自己的看法并坚决地去证明自己的观点是正确的，这体现出他意志坚定。故选a。c(2018湖南省部分热点中学考前演练)im sometimes told，“you have to make your own luck.if you dont try something，how can you succeed？”this is very true for competitions.there are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions with great enthusiasm.these people are nicknamed compers.the motivation for being a comper is obvious：its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.these prizes can be small or large：from a box of chocolates to a new car，a trip of a lifetime around the world，or even a new house.isnt that worth competing for?of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.but one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the uk called martin dove.he is a serial comper and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.martin says：“ive been a comper for 40 years.its like admitting some addiction，isnt it？”he gets respect from other compers and also admits，“some people have called me the master of comping，the king of comping，the guru of comping.but its just a word，just a phrase.its just because i frequently appeared in the media.”for many，winning remains a dream，but they continue to try their luck as theres always a small chance that they might succeed.but what if you do win? then you have to ask：how am i going to spend all that money? some people say that “money cant buy you happiness”what do you think?8what does the author mean by“this is very true for competitions”？acompetitions bring people luck.bone must be in a competition to win it.ctrying gets people to succeed.dpeople naturally compete with each other.9who are compers?athose always standing out in competitions.bthose addicted to entering competitions.cthose often entering competitions for prizes.dthose competing for others recognition.10what does the underlined word“odds”probably mean?apossibility. binvestment.cimportance. dadvantage.11what do martins words suggest?aany job can offer opportunities.bhe has attracted considerable attention.cpersistence is the key to his success.dhe has set a good example to others.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了一种社会现象：有些人总是热衷于参加各种形式的比赛活动，目的就是获奖。你是否有过类似的经历呢？【难句分析】of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.分析：本句是一个复合句。that offer money prizes是定语从句，修饰先行词competitions。 making the odds of winning very unlikely是现在分词短语作结果状语。译文：当然，提供现金奖励的比赛会吸引成千上万的人参与，这就使得获胜的概率变得很小了。8b考查推理判断。this指的应是前面的“if you dont try something，how can you succeed？”，再结合第二段提到的人们参加比赛赢奖可知，此处指的是对于比赛来说，一个人必须先参与进去然后才有可能赢得比赛，故选b。9c考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“there are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions.its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize”可知，compers指的是那些频繁地参加比赛以获取奖品的人。故选c。10a考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句“of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely”并结合常识可知，比赛的奖金是有限的，而参赛的人越多，获奖的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故选a。11b考查推理判断。根据第三段的最后两句及第四段的内容尤其是“gets respect from other compers”“some people have called me the master of comping，the king of comping，the guru of comping.but its just a word，just a phrase.its just because i frequently appeared in the media”可知，martin经常参加比赛，而且得到了一些大奖并赢得了其他参赛者的尊重，甚至一些人称其为“参赛大师”、“参赛之王”、“参赛专家”。由此可知，martin得到了广泛的关注。故选b。d(20172018郑州一中上期高三入学测试)enjoying a musical performance no longer requires a costly ticket or a trip to a theater.these days，musicians are performing in private homes，at haircutting shops，at airports.even on ferry boats.musicians like house concerts.at music clubs，they often have to perform over loud conversation or deal with people who have had too much alcohol.people at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.just a few hours before the bombadils started singing at the o hair salon，lindsay was cutting hair and tamera was doing facials.then，they moved chairs and microphones to create a small performance space.the bombadils made music in the front part of the hair salon，near the hairdryers and makeup tables.“this is our first show at a hair salon，”sarah frank of the bombadils told concertgoers at last weeks performance.frank said she and band members，luke fraser and kaitlyn raitz had a great time“interacting” with the audience.concerts in peoples homes，or small businesses such as o hairs，are becoming more popular，musicians say.“there is a more relaxed atmosphere，”said domenic cicala，a musician who opened up his o hair salon to concerts.“people really get to know the artists.”at house concerts，people get time before and after concerts to meet the performers.often，the hosts or guests will provide food and drink.“people really like listening to music in the living room of a friend，”said matt hart，with aubrey zoli making up the local strangers，a folkrock group based in seattle.at many such concerts，the musicians do not need microphones.yet，every word of their songs can be heard.12why do musicians like house concerts?abecause private homes are easier to get to.bbecause people pay more attention to their music.cbecause they can do other things while performing.dbecause they dont have to bring their microphones.13what impressed sarah frank most at her last weeks performance?athe small performance space.bher first show at a hair salon.ctheir interaction with the audience.dthe more relaxed atmosphere.14how many music groups are mentioned in the text?aone. btwo.cthree. dfour.15what may be the best title for the text?amusicians struggle to make a livingbpeople really get to know the artistscmusicians find new places to performdconcertgoers wont go to music clubs【解题导语】本文主要介绍了现代音乐会在举办场地的选择上更加多样化，私人居所、理发店、机场等都成为音乐家表演的场所，并且备受青睐。12b考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句“people at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music”可知，音乐家喜欢家庭音乐会是因为听众会更专注于倾听音乐。故选b。13c考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句“frank said she and band members，luke fraser and kaitlyn raitz had a great timeinteracting with the audience”可知，上周的表演给sarah frank留下最深刻印象的是与听众的互动，故选c。14b考查细节理解。通读全文可知，本文提到了两个乐队，一个是the bombadils，另一个是西雅图的民谣摇滚乐队the local strangers，故选b。15c考查标题判断。根据文章第一段，并结合文章的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了现代音乐会在举办场地的选择上更加多样化，音乐家发现了私人居所、发廊等新的场所来表演，故选c。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2018成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测)do you know that intelligence can be developed? do you realize it doesnt matter how smart you are but how hard you can work to grow？_1_ in her book，mindset: the new psychology of success, carol dweck shares years of research conducted to prove its not just talent that determines success but whether we approach a situation with the right mindset.having a growth mindset has many，many benefits._2_ having a growth mindset encourages you to not look at a deficit(不足额)as a deficit in ability but one of learning and that is one which can easily be achieved.this naturally has an impact on your sense of selfworth.enjoy the process of learning.with a growth mindset，you look forward to acquiring new skills and absorbing new knowledge.you realize that everything that you learn can help you improve and become a better person._3_ increase your confidence.according to dweck and her fellow researchers“.in the growth framewo