人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars language points学案.docx

unit 4 astronomy: the science of the stars language points学案【学习目标】：掌握重点词组和特殊句型的用法【学习重点】：提高学生对词汇的应用能力【学习难点】：总结重点词组【教学过程】：、联想记忆 1system n系统 2atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛 3presence n. 出席；到场；存在 4puzzle n. 谜；难题 5prevent.from. 阻止；制止 stop.from. / keep.from. 阻止做某事 6now that 既然 since 既然 7. harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to 对有害8. in time 及时；迟早，终于 on time 按时 sooner or later 迟早9. in ones turn 轮到某人 its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 in turn 轮流；转而 by turns 轮流、构词记忆 1theory n理论，学说 theoretical adj. 理论的 2globe n地球仪 global adj. 全球的 3like prep. 相似；像 unlike prep. 不同；不像 4exist vi.存在 existence n存在 5puzzle vt. & vi.(使)迷惑 puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.感到迷惑的 6biology n生物学 biological adj. 生物的 biologist n生物学家 7. violent adj. 猛烈的,暴力的 violence n. 暴力,暴力行为、核心单词与短语1、prevent v妨碍，制止；阻止；阻挡(stop) prevent一般常与动名词搭配，后不接不定式，如表示“阻止某人做某事”，可以说prevent sb. from doing sth.，prevent sb. doing sth.或prevent sb.s doing sth.，但不能说prevent sb. to do sth.。 (1) he prevented the boy (climb)the_tree.他阻止了那个小男孩爬树。(2)she tried to prevent ，but he still went.她试图阻止他去，但是他不听劝，还是去了。2、exist vi.存在；生活，生存(live) existence n.存在；生活，生活方式 exist in存在于之中 exist on靠为生 in existence存在come into existence产生；成立；出现，开始存在 【易错提示】exist是不及物动词，不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。 (1)用exist短语及其适当形式填空 it was impossible for them to exist such a small income. unfortunately，they only exist the fancy world. no one knows when such a custom first came existence.(2)there has been no_evidence to prove the_of life on other planets.aconvincing；existence bconvinced；existencecconvinced；exist dconvincing；exist 3、remain v留下，遗留；保持不变，一直是 1指某事“尚待、有待于以后被处置”，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受者。此时它有两个固定句型如下： sth./sb.remains to be 过去分词；it remains to be seen whether引导的主语从句2.用作系动词，意为“仍然；依旧；留；住；待”，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。尤其是其后跟动词的v.ed形式，相当于形容词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态。3.remaining adj.剩余的，剩下的 (1)用所给动词的适当形式填空 after the earthquake, very little (remain)of the city of tangshan. this problem remains (solve) please remain (seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop. he bought himself a gift with the (remain) money.(2)the fact _ that we are still lagging behind the other classes in maths.ais remained bis remaining cremains dremained4、in ones turn 轮到某人；接着in turn依次；转而，继而 by turns轮流；时而时而 in return作为回报take turns (in) doing / to do sth.轮流做某事 at every turn处处，事事，每次 用turn短语填空：(1)when it is ，im too excited to speak.(2) he asked each of us to describe how the internet had affected our lives. obviously mad，the poor woman laughed and cried .5、break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；突发break up打碎；解散；结束；开始放假；制止 break down出故障；失败；分解； (身体)垮掉break through 突破，取得突破 break away from 脱离，挣脱break in 打断；闯入 break into 闯入；突然开始(大笑等)(1)用break短语的适当形式填空 when the fire broke_out，many workers had escaped. when did you break_up with your boyfriend? mother and i had a discussion about how to visit beijing and my elder brother would sometimes break_in with a suggestion. my brothers bike broke_down yesterday，so he had to go to school by bus.)6、cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 cheer sb./sth. up(使)高兴起来；(使)振作起来 cheer sb. on为某人加油/鼓劲 (1)用适当的介、副词填空he was far behind the others but they were still cheering him .hell cheer if you get him a beer.im taking angie out to cheer her .7、in time 及时；终于(eventually)；迟早(sooner or later，early or late) ahead of/ behind time 提前/拖后 on time 准时，按时 for the time being 暂时in no time 立即，马上 at no time 决不 take ones time 别着急；慢慢来make/ find time 抽/找时间 (1)用适当的介、副词填空 the dam was completed two years ahead time. our train arrived right time. you can stay in the spare room the time being. jack got the car fixed no time at all.(2)完成句子 he jumped into the river to save the girl. 他跳进河里及时救起了那个女孩。 work hard and youll succeed . 努力吧！你迟早会成功的。iv、重点句型: now that引导原因状语从句：now (that)既然，相当于since，用来引导原因状语从句，引出一个事实，主句表示说话者的一个建议或想法。(1)完成句子 dinner is ready，wash your hands. 晚饭准备好了，洗手去吧。 this is the last chance，you should catch it.既然这是最后一次机会，你应该抓住它。(2)_ everyone is here，lets begin our game.anow that bthat cas if difv、单元语法：主语从句用主语从句改写下列句子：(1)she left him something that cut him to the heart.what she left him cut him to the heart.(2)something that seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.what seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.(3)is he coming or not？it is still uncertain.it is still uncertain whether he is coming or not.(4)why did he do it？it remains a mystery.why he did it remains a mystery