人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars Learning about Language学案.docx

unit 4 astronomy- the science of the stars learning about language学案.重点单词1 n生物学 n生物学家2 adj.温和的；文雅的3 n物理学家 n物理学 adj.物理的；身体的4 n气候5 vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落6 n宇宙飞船7 n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8 vt.& vi.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮；n.漂浮物.重点短语1 挡住(光线)2 感到高兴；感到振奋3 既然4 熟悉；掌握；理解5 突发；爆发6 密切注意；当心；提防.重点句式1asadj.a/ann.as.when we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be .当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。2倍数的表达：倍数asadj./adv.(原级)as.but when i tried to step forward，i found i was carried on the earth and fell over.但是当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 3now that引导原因状语从句“oh dear，” i cried，“walking does need a bit of practice .”“天哪，” 我大声说， “既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。” 4形容词作状语we watched， (amaze) as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。.根据课文内容判断正(t)、误(f)1the force of gravity changed three times and the last change was the most powerful.()2we were too far from the earth to feel its pull.()3on the moon，our weight would be less than on the earth because we were too far from it.()4leaving the moons gravity was as painful as leaving the earths.()5space travel was very exhausting，so the writer didnt like it at all.().课文阅读理解1the passage is mainly about .aan introduction of the moonbthe gravity that i felt on my way to the mooncmy visit to the moondmy friend li yanping，an astronomer2when we were going up，we felt .awe were pressed back into our seatsbwe were heavier than we were on the earthcas if we were flyingdthe rocket was shaking strongly3when or where did the author feel strongest of the gravity of the earth?aon the moon.bon the half way to the moon.cat the very beginning.don their leaving from the moon.4why was the spaceship not falling back to the earth?abecause it was too far from the earth to feel its pull.bbecause it was too big.cbecause it was far from the moon.dnot mentioned in the text.5what causes the author to feel that he becomes weightless on the moon?aspaceship.bgravity.chis friend.dgood feelings of the author.重点词汇1as the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。归纳拓展pull n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力pull down拆毁pull in (火车等)到站，进站；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull through康复，痊愈；渡过难关pull up停车，停止语境助记(1)some old buildings have been pulled down in this area.这个地区的一些旧建筑已被拆掉。(2)dont worry；your father is going to pull through.不要担心，你父亲会康复的。题组训练用适当的介、副词填空(1)the train has already pulled ，and the passengers are boarding it now.(2)the old warehouse together with some other buildings has been pulled .(3)he pulled at the entrance of the cinema.(4)his injuries are severe but hes expected to pull .2i cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着地球越来越小，而月球越来越大。归纳拓展(1)cheer (sb./sth.) up (使)感到高兴；(使)感到振奋cheer v& n欢呼，喝彩，加油cheer sb.on为某人加油(2)cheerful adj.高兴的；兴高采烈的(3)cheers！干杯！语境助记(1)cheer up！we are near the finishing line.打起精神，我们临近终点线了。(2)cathy didnt expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends.(2016天津)凯西没有期待任何奖励，但是仍旧在那里为队友加油鼓劲。(3)they are both very cheerful in spite of their colds.他俩虽然感冒了，可都兴高采烈。题组训练完成句子(1)he took her to the concert to (使她高兴起来)(2)im thinking of tomorrows test.im afraid i cant pass this time. (振作起来)！im sure youll make it.(3)they gathered round the swimming pool and (为她加油)(4) (干杯)! congratulations on your success!3we watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。归纳拓展break out (战争、火灾等)突发；爆发break away from脱离；逃脱break down出故障，坏掉；失败；(健康等)垮掉break in插话；破门而入break into破门而入break up粉碎；解散；分手语境助记(1)the economic crisis broke out first in the united states.经济危机首先在美国爆发。(2)once you join them，you can never break away from them.一旦你入了他们的伙，你就永远不能脱离他们。(3)to my anger，the car broke down on the way.让我生气的是，汽车在半路上抛锚了。题组训练用适当的介、副词填空(1)when did you break with your boyfriend?(2)we were having a heated discussion when he broke .(3)my brothers bike broke yesterday，so he had to go to school by bus.(4)he broke my house and stole my money.(5)when the fire broke ，many people were shopping in the supermarket.4watch out for.小心归纳拓展watch out (for)密切注意；当心；提防watch over照看；看守keep a watch on守望；注视语境助记(1)we have to watch out for fast traffic along here.这里来往的车辆开得很快，我们必须得小心。(2)watch out！there is a car coming!小心！有辆车开过来了！(3)the lifeguard was keeping a watch on the children playing in the pool.救生员守望着在水池里玩耍的孩子们。题组训练完成句子(1)他外出期间，我照管他的房子。i his house while he was out.(2)乘客被告诫要当心小偷。the passengers were warned to thieves.经典句式1when we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths.当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。归纳拓展as strong a pull as the earths属于“as/so.as.”结构。as.as.结构的具体形式有：as/so形容词a/an可数名词单数as.像一样的as/so形容词/副词原级as.像一样和一样多语境助记(1)he is so clever a boy as everyone likes.他是一个人人都喜欢的聪明孩子。(2)his bedroom is not as/so neat as his elder sisters.他的卧室没有他姐姐的整洁。(3)youve made as many mistakes as i have.你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。题组训练完成句子(1)he swims (和我游得一样快)(2)deng chao is (当演员和当歌手都一样出色)2but when i tried to step forward，i found i was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但是当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。归纳拓展twice as far as.是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是的两倍远”。倍数的表示法：(1)倍数asadj./adv.(原级)as.(2)倍数比较级than.(3)倍数the size(height/length/width.)of.(4)倍数what从句(5)倍数that of.语境助记(1)this road is twice as wide as that road.这条路是那条路的两倍宽。(2)the room is twice the size of my brothers room.这屋子是我哥哥屋子的两倍大。(3)the price of the house this year is twice what it was last year.今年房价是去年的两倍。题组训练一句多译这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。(1)this table is that one.(2)this table is that one.(3)this table is that one.3“oh dear，” i cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，” 我大声说， “既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”归纳拓展(1)now that既然，由于，引导原因状语从句，在口语中可以省略that。与now that意思相近的有seeing that，since等。(2)就像although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用一样，当now that引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能加so。注意：引导原因状语的介词短语：due to，thanks to，because of，as a result of，owing to，on account of等。语境助记(1)now (that) you have mentioned it，ill keep it in mind.既然你提到了，我会记在心里。(2)since the professors lecture is very interesting，why not go and attend it?既然教授的报告很有趣，为什么不参加呢？(3)seeing that nobody was at home，i had to leave.由于没人在家，我也只好走了。易混辨析now that，because，since，as，for(1)now that：说明已经成为事实的原因，常意为“既然”。(2)because：语气最强，回答的是用why提问的问句，表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。(3)since：表示间接附带的众所周知的原因，意为“既然”，常放在句首。(4)as：表示一种明显的、已知的理由，意为“由于”。(5)for：是并列连词，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。题组训练完成句子(1)既然天气那么好，我们去野餐吧。 the weather is fine，lets go for a picnic.(2)你为什么这么做？因为这对我们所有人都有好处。why did you do this? it is good for all of us.(3)昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。it must have rained last night the ground is wet.单词拼写1the c there is very warm，so you will enjoy living there.2look！there is something (漂浮) on the river.3dont (拉) so hard or the handle will go off.4as we all know，qian xuesen is a famous p .5the young man knows little about newtons law of (万有引力)6the plane c in the air and many passengers were killed.选词填空7have you what the teacher explained?8 ！the world is not at an end!9 the stairstheyre steep.10a big fire on august 12th,2015 in tianjin port.11a train the back of another near the city，killing dozens of people.完成/翻译句子12北京是我家乡的十倍大。(至少2种表达方式) 13由于看过了她的生活状况，我们才知道为什么她需要那么多钱。 weve seen how she lives，we know why she needs so much money.14这就是为什么我们会感到好像没有重力的原因。thats why we feel no gravity at all.15你认为这个公园怎么样？我认为它和我们上星期去得那个一样漂亮。what do you think of the park?i think it is the one we visited last week.16下一步该做什么我们仍然不知道。 remains unknown.课文语法填空last month i 17. (pay) a visit to the moon with my friend. before we left，i 18. (tell) the force of gravity would change three times 19. our journey.then we took off.as we left 20. earth，we became very heavy.21. (gradual) the weight lessened.22. we were in space，it disappeared. we floated 23. (weightless) around in the spaceship cabin and i cheered up.when we were on the moon，i was surprised to find even 24. (walk) needed a bit of practice now that gravity had changed.the returning to the earth was very 25. (frighten)we were amazed 26. (watch) fire break out on the outside of the spaceship.答案精析基础自测.1.biology；biologist2.gentle3.physicist；physics；physical4.climate5.crash6.spaceship7.pull8.float.1.block out2.cheer up3.now that4.get t