北师大版选修七Unit 20 new frontiers Lesson 1 Futurology B学案.docx

unit 20 new frontiers lesson 1 futurology b学案1by_the_year_2015,_the clothing industry will_have_produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.到2015年，服装工业将生产出新型的材料，不管将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污点。(1)“by时间”组成的介词短语表示“到时为止”，在句中作时间状语，句子的谓语动词常用完成时态。by过去时间，谓语动词用过去完成时态；by现在时间，谓语动词用现在完成时态；by将来时间，谓语动词用将来完成时态。by the time he was fourteen years old, he had learned maths all by himself.到14岁的时候，他就已经自学了数学。by the time you graduate, i shall have worked here for five years.到你毕业时，我就将在此地工作五年之久了。they have negotiated with ten countries or international organizations by this year.到今年为止，他们已经和十个国家或国际组织进行了谈判。(2)by the end of表示“到末为止”，常与过去完成时和将来完成时连用。by the end of last week, we had received over 1，000 text messages.到上周末我们已收到1 000多条短信。by the end of next month, the building will have been completed. 到下个月末，这栋楼将已竣工。1. 单句语法填空by the end of next week, we will_have_treated (treat) over 10，000 patients. by the time we arrived, he had_worked (work) for eight hours.by the time you get back, great changes will_have_taken (take) place in this area.2翻译句子在冬天到来之前，动物们就会储存足够的食物。by_the_time_winter_comes,_animals_will_have_saved_enough_food.到上学期期末，你们举行了几次英语晚会？how_many_english_parties_had_you_had_by_the_end_of_last_term?2by the middle of the century, computers that are millions_of_times_smarter_than us will have been developed.到本世纪中叶，比人类还要聪明几百万倍的计算机将会问世。(1)millions of times smarter than是一个表达倍数的句型。times表示“倍数”，一般只限于表示三倍或三倍以上的倍数，表示两倍通常用twice或double。在这一句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等来替代。(2)常用的倍数句型有：倍数形容词/副词的比较级than . 倍数as形容词/副词as . 倍数the size/length/width/height/depth . of . 倍数as many/much名词其他as . this hospital is four times the size of that one.这所医院是那所医院的4倍大。your school is three times larger than ours.你们学校是我们学校的3倍大。asia is four times as large as europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。the size of the earth is 49 times that of the moon.地球的体积是月球体积的49倍。this room is half the size of that one.这个房间是那个房间的一半大。the factory produced twice as many cars as they did 5 years ago.这个工厂生产的汽车是五年前的两倍。完成句子这个广场是那个的两倍大。this square is twice_as_large_as that one.this square is twice_larger_than that one.this square is twice_the_size_of that one.将来时语法初识原句感知自主探究some like to read fantasy stories and imagine what the world will be like in 10, 50 or even 1，000 years time. at nine oclock on saturday morning, ill be sitting in the front row and listening to the great professor willard talking about the future of my brain. in the next few years, computers will become handier.by the year 2015, the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them. there will therefore no longer be any conflict and people will be able to live together in peace and equality. by the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.we will be linking our brains to these computers and a huge database.shortly all of us are going to use our voices to give instructions to computers.(1)句、句、句和句为一般将来时，其基本结构为：will/shall 动词原形或be going to 动词原形，表示将要发生的动作或状态。 (2)句和句为将来完成时，其基本结构为：will/shall have 过去分词，表示在将来某个特定时间之前完成的动作。(3)句和句为将来进行时，其基本结构为：will/shall be 现在分词，表示在将来某个特定时间正在进行的动作。 语法剖析一、一般将来时一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态。其表达形式有以下几种：1“will/shall动词原形”，表示预期的动作或状态。ill be back tomorrow.我明天就会回来。2“be going to 动词原形”，表示主语现在打算在“不久的将来”要做的事情。这种打算往往是事先考虑好的。还可用于表示根据已有的迹象非常可能要发生的事。what are you going to be when you grow up?你打算长大后干什么？its going to rain, i think.我想，可能会下雨。3“be( about)不定式”，表示按计划、安排、吩咐等在“最近的将来”就要做的事情，通常不再与具体的时间状语连用。the plane is about to take off.飞机就要起飞了。4现在进行时和一般现在时，表示将来时，指按时间表或议程安排要做的事情。这时，句子的谓语动词主要是come, go, leave, start, arrive, return等。the train leaves/is leaving in five minutes.火车5分钟之后离开。名师点津当主句为将来时，时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。let me know when he comes back.他回来时告诉我。well not go for a picnic if it rains.如果天下雨的话，我们就不去野炊了。 二、将来进行时1将来进行时的构成：will/shall be现在分词2将来进行时的用法：(1)表示将来某一时刻或将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。ill be watching the film thegreatwall at this time tomorrow.明天这个时候我将正在看电影长城。ill be writing a book in the next few days.接下来的几天我会一直写一本书。(2)表示即将或按计划、安排将要发生的动作。ill be paying a visit to tom tomorrow.明天我要去拜访汤姆。he will be taking his exams next week.他下星期要参加考试。(3)表示预测或希望某事会发生。when i get home, my wife will probably be watching tv.当我到家时，我太太大概在看电视。ill be flying to paris this time tomorrow.明天这个时候我将飞往巴黎。即时演练1用适当的人称代词或物主代词填空11.单句语法填空(2015天津高考)jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she will_be_teaching (teach) a class at that time.(辽宁高考)i feel so excited! at this time tomorrow morning, i will_be_flying (fly) to shanghai. dont phone me between 8：00 and 10：00. we will_be_having (have) classes then.please ring me up at six tomorrow morning, will you?why that early? i will_be_sleeping (sleep)the president will_be_meeting (meet) the foreign delegation at the airport then tomorrow.12.单句改错they will plant trees at five this afternoon.plantbe_plantingdaniels family will enjoying their holiday in new york this time next week.will后加be三、将来完成时1将来完成时的构成： shall/willhave过去分词。2将来完成时的用法：(1)表示在将来某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作，常与表示时间的by短语连用。by four oclock, we shall have got everything ready.到4点钟我们就会把一切准备好。if you come at six, i shall have finished my homework.要是你6点钟来，我的作业就做完了。(2)表示持续到将来某一时间的动作或状态，这个动作或状态可能还会继续进行下去。by the end of this month, we shall have been here for two years.到这个月的月底，我们就已经来这里两年了。名师点津当主句为将来时，时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用现在完成时代替将来完成时。i shall go as soon as i have finished my lesson.我一做完功课就走。即时演练2单句语法填空(天津高考)on her next birthday, ann will_have_been (be) married for twenty years.i intend to go to college after i have_completed (complete) my high school.the film will_have_been (be) on for nearly an hour when you get to the cinema.i am sure he will_have_left (leave) paris by this time tomorrow.i hope we will_have_got (get) all the information before you come tomorrow.应用实战一、链接高考单句语法填空1(2016江苏高考) more efforts, as reported, will_be_made (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.2(北京高考)do you think mom and dad will_be (be) late?no, swiss air is usually on time.3(江苏高考)could i use your car tomorrow morning?sure.i will_be_writing (write) a report at home.4(湖南高考)“the moment is_coming (come) soon，” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.5(湖南高考)dont worry. the hard work that you do now will_be_repaired (repair) later in life.6(重庆高考) food supplies in the floodstricken area are_running (run) out.we must act immediately before theres none left.二、针对演练单句语法填空1i will/shall_be_doing (do) my homework this time tomorrow.2i will_have_finished (finish) all the work by the time you are back this evening.3i am sure he will_have_left (leave) paris by this time tomorrow.4i hope we will_have_got (get) all the information before you come tomorrow.5can we meet tomorrow afternoon?not in the afternoon. im afraid i will_be_working (work)6ill be able to come to see your performance at 8：30 tomorrow evening.im sorry, by then my performance will_have_ended (end) and i will_be_meeting (meet) reporters in the meeting room.7if the horse wins tomorrow, it will_have_won (win) twenty races in the past three years.8by the time he gets home, his father will_have_left (leave) for paris on business.9i wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has_been_working (work) on it for more than an hour.对应学生课下能力提升(五).根据首字母或汉语意思写出单词1. due to the failure of crops, most of the villagers will have to suffer from starvation. 2. to get the exact value of the ancient vase, he had it assessed by experts.3to support his big family, the father had to leave home before dawn and come back after dark.4. both the opposite sides realized that they should settle the conflict peacefully.5. many support the former alternative, but personally i favour the latter (后者) one.6. the worn (磨损的) shoes indicated the traveler had hiked rather a long distance.7. a good leader thinks of the welfare (福利) of the public first, not that of his own.8. his only recreations (消遣) are drinking beer and reading.单句语法填空1the whole family live on the earnings of the two brothers.2police are looking into the case of the disappearance of two children. 3please take it seriously and i am not saying it for fun.4study the contract in detail before signing.5the report is based on figures from six different european cities.6the new type of mobile phones are very handy (hand)7before the recent political mistake, her reputation had been stained (stain)8they live and work together in complete equality (equal) and brotherhood.9he is a specialist (special) in modern french literature.句型转换1we think it is no good reading in bed.we think_ it_ no_ good reading in bed.2the road is three times as wide as that one.the road is three_ times_ the_ width_of that one.the width of the road is _three_ times_ that_ of that one.the road is three_ times_ wider than that one.3whenever you come back, dont wake me up.no_ matter_ when you come back, dont wake me up.课文缩写语法填空over the centuries, there have been a few people who plan the future of the world for a living and they are called futurologists.hundreds of futurologists will gather at newcastle university 1.to_hold (hold) a seminar about the future.many people will attend the seminar with dreams of starting new enterprises based 2.on the predictions they will hear. i clicked into the websites of a few futurologists and got several predictions.3shortly (short), computers will become 4.handier (handy)then all of us can use our voices to control computers such as 5.downloading (download) files or updating computers just by saying a few words.by 2015, garments will have been made of new materials that will remain 6.stainless (stain) whatever you spill on them, and they will never get old and worn.by 2025, there will have been no 7.starvation (starve), no people who have to live on welfare, no discrimination, no conflict and people will have lived in peace and 8.equality (equal)by 2030, tiny, insectlike robots may be sent around the cells of our bodies 9.to_assess (assess) our health, assuring us of living for at least 150 years.by 2050, we will be linking our brains to the much 10.smarter (smart) computers and a huge database, and a new type of electronic human might have developed!.完形填空soon it would be the holidays, but before that, there were final _1_. all the kids had been working hard for some time, reviewing their _2_. if they didnt pass the exams, they would have to _3_ them in september. there were usually a few who _4_， but jane didnt want to be one of them. she had worked hard all year, but she was working so hard that her mother _5_ her health. she went to bed too late. the night before the big day, her mother _6_ that she should have an early night and take a sleeping pill. she promised to _7_ her up in the morning.jane was too _8_ to fall asleep. her mind kept jumping from subject to subject. at last, the _9_ did work. in no time at all, she was sitting in the examination hall, looking at the paper, but she couldnt answer _10_ of the questions. everyone _11_ her was writing paper pages and pages. _12_ she thought hard, she couldnt find anything to write about. from time to time she looked at her _13_time was running _14_. there was only an hour to _15_. she started one question, wrote two sentences, _16_ and tried another. with only half an hour left she wrote _17_ two sentences. by this time she was so worried that she started _18_. her whole body shook. it shook so much that she woke up. she was still in bed and it had all been a terrible _19_. a minute later, _20_ called her name.语篇解读：本文讲了期末考试期间简身上发生的事。1a.harvestsbexamscreports dpapers解析：选b一般来说，学校放假之前要举行期末考试。2a.exercises bjobscbooks dlessons解析：选d为了在考试中取得好成绩，学生们在考试前的一段时间里努力复习功课(lessons)。3a.take bwritecattend ddo解析：选a考试不及格的学生必须参加九月份的补考。take an exam“参加考试”。4a.cheated bsucceededcpassed dfailed解析：选d通常情况总会有几个学生因考试不及格而补考，而简不想成为这些学生中的一个。5a.cared for bfelt proud ofcworried about dthought highly of解析：选c由于简一年到头学习都很用功，以至于母亲为她的健康担心。6a.insisted bagreedcpromised dallowed解析：选a简的母亲关心自己的孩子，坚持要简在考试前一天晚上早睡觉并服用安眠药。7a.ring bwakecbring dpick解析：选b为了解除简的担忧，母亲答应第二天早上叫醒她。wake her up“把她叫醒”。8a.sad btiredchappy dnervous解析：选d从文章的前面内容看，简的学习成绩只属一般，她又不想考试不及格，因此对即将到来的考试感到紧张，难以入睡。9a.dream bpillcsuggestion dmusic解析：选b最后安眠药起了作用。10a.all bnonecany dsome解析：选c尽管在安眠药的作用下简睡着了，但由于过分地紧张，简做了一夜的噩梦。从下文可知简梦见自己一个问题都答不出。11a.ahead of bbehindcin front of daround解析：选d简一个问题都答不出，再看看周围的同学，他们在一页接一页地做试卷，因而简更加焦急。12a.unless bhowevercthough das解析：选c尽管简苦思冥想，还是一筹莫展，什么也答不出。13a.watch bpapercteacher dbook解析：选a简只有不停地看手表。14a.up bdowncout dover解析：选c考试时间快要用完了，不知不觉中只剩下一小时了。run out“用完”。15a.run bleavecremain dgo解析：选dto go在句中表示“剩下”。如：there are five minutes to go.“还剩五分钟。”16a.gave out bgave upcput off dput out解析：选b时间还剩一小时的时候，简才开始回答第一个问题，写了两个句子，觉得不行又放弃(give up)，再尝试回答另外一个问题。17a.another bmorecother dthe other解析：选a“另外两个句子”的表达为：another two sentences/two more sentences/two other sentences。要注意another/more/other与数词的位置关系。18a.thinking bdreamingccrying dwriting解析：选c眼看考试就要结束，简心急如焚，哭了起来。19a.exam bdreamcstory dnight解析：选b简浑身颤抖，结果从噩梦中醒来。20a.her mother bher teacherca classmate da friend解析：选a不久以后，简的母亲按时叫她起床。.阅读理解in the future, the internet will be different from what it is now. there will be many more websites. it is predicted that in the year 2100, there will be hundreds of billions of websites. this means that the use of search engines will become much more important. and there will also be many more sites in different languages. this means that on every proper website, there will be links with the language you want.another prediction on the internet is that data transmission (传输) speed will increase globally. according to akamai technologies, the average global data transmission speed in late 2009 was 1.7 megabits per second. compare that to the record for data transmission speed set by bell labs：100 billion megabits per second. at that speed, you could transmit 400 dvds worth of data every second. thats an enormous gap between whats currently possible and whats commercially available. but as time passes, the costs of producing superhighspeed networks will decrease.in the future, people will live under the sea and the housing shortage will be solved. there will be lots of glass domes (穹状建筑物) under the sea, which allow people to look all around into the sea. air will be provided via air pipes which lead to the open air. you can travel from one dome to another via a kind of submarine which will also be made of glass. the domes will be so beautiful and the view under the sea will be so impressive that many people will prefer to live under water, and less people will prefer to live on land. this will have a positive effect on the environment on land.in the future we wont use oil or gas as energy any more. we will make use of sunlight, water and wind. cars will run on water. just fill your tank with water, and you can drive further than you could drive with the same amount of gasoline.