北师大版必修三unit 9 wheels language points学案.docx

.核心必记单词1actually adv.实际地，真实地actual adj.实际的，真实的2benefit vi.& n得益；好处beneficial adj.有益的，有利的3convenient adj.方便的，便利的convenience n方便，便利4hopeful adj.(人)抱有希望的hope n希望；期望；vt.& vi.希望；期待5gentle adj.和善的，温和的gently adv.和善地，温和地6timetable n时间表7impression n印象，感觉impress vt.给某人深刻印象，使铭记impressive adj.令人印象深刻的，感人的8appreciate vt.感谢；欣赏appreciation n感激；评价9physical adj.身体的；物质的physicist n物理学家physics n物理学10figure n数字，数目；人物；体形；雕像11admit vt.承认，供认admission n承认；进入许可，入场许可；入场(入学、入会)费12somehow adv.以某种方式13suit vt.适合suitable adj.适合的14damage vt.& n损害，损失.阅读识记单词15therefore adv.所以，因此16neighbourhood n街坊；邻近地区neighbour n邻居17wherever conj.无论在何处，无论到哪里18thief n贼，小偷19insert vt.插入，嵌入20indeed adv.当然，确实21consequence n后果，结果consequent adj.随之而发生的；必然的；合乎逻辑的22arrest vt.逮捕，拘留23argue vi.争辩，争吵argument n争论，辩论；论据，理由24sensitive adj.善解人意的；敏感的sense n感觉；意义25fierce adj.凶狠的，凶恶的26vocabulary n词汇(量)27schedule n时间表；进度表28foolish adj.愚蠢的 29responsibility n责任，负责，职责responsible adj.负责的30content n容纳的东西；目录31sunlight n阳光，日光32reliable adj.可靠的rely vi.依靠，依赖33construction n建筑；建筑物construct v建造，建设34amount n数量35addicted adj.沉溺于的addict n对入迷的人；瘾君子addiction n瘾；嗜好addictive adj.使人上瘾的36occupy vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)occupied adj.使用中的；有人使用(或居住)的occupation n职业37whichever pron.无论哪个38frequent adj.时常发生的frequently adv.频繁地，时常39fare n票价，车费语境活用用所给词的正确形式填空1you should eat more fruit，for its a convenient(convenience) source of vitamins and energy.2“is there any food left over？” he asked hopefully (hopeful)3the man has been addicted to smoking for many years，but he is now fighting his addiction to it.(addict)4“honey，your basket is extraspecial，” mom said，gently(gentle) wiping away my hot tears.(2016浙江)5he left a deep impression(impress) on me and gave me the inspiration to pick up my pen again.(2015江苏)6i would like to invite you to join，since you are good at table tennis，and you are the most suitable(suit) person.(2017全国)7everyone enjoys the lifesaving benefits(benefit) vaccines(疫苗) provide，but theyll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.(2017北京)8i have my doubts that anyone has actually(actual) followed the procedures strictly.(2017天津)9that young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.in short，hes reliable(rely)(2016浙江)10the more frequently(frequent) mothers had called to their eggs，the more similar were the babies begging calls.11the whole construction(construct) of our society depends on mutual(相互的) trust，not distrust.12i have grown not only physically(physics)，but also mentally in the past few years.(2017全国)1fed up不愉快的，厌烦的2thanks to 由于，因为3work out锻炼身体，做运动4be in touch with和有联系5rely on/upon依靠，依赖6go through通过，经过7pull up(车辆)停止，停车8pull out(火车)驶离车站，出站；拔出9so far迄今为止10take place发生；举行11go up上升12be related to与有关13be addicted to对上瘾；沉溺于14on average平均；通常15in conclusion总之，最后语境活用选用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空1those who you can rely on/upon at any time are true friends，and they will always stand by you no matter what happens.2with the prices of many goods going up，many families live a hard life.3mary told me straight out that she was fed up and wanted to leave.4last october，while tending her garden in mora，sweden，lena pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots.(2017浙江)5its been a good game so far but it would be nice to see a few more goals.6thanks to his effort，it is more successful than we have expected.7the processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.(2017北京)8i myself went through this searching process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better.(2017全国)1“职业”近义名词归纳(1)occupation职业(2)vocation职业(3)career职业，生涯(4)cause事业(5)employment职业，工作2扩充你的“vocabulary”(1)idiom n习语(2)proverb n谚语(3)paragraph n段落(4)passage n章节(5)article n文章3层层深入的“频度副词”usually，occasionally，sometimes，often，frequently，always，rarely，seldom，hardly，never4后缀able形容词大观(1)advisable明智的(2)reliable可信赖的(3)considerable相当大的(4)affordable负担得起的(5)reasonable合理的5“因为，由于”短语全扫描(1)because of因为(2)due/owing/thanks to由于(3)as a consequence/result of由于(4)in consequence of由于(5)on account of由于，因为6“bev.edprep.”短语荟萃(1)be accustomed to习惯于(2)be concerned about担忧，担心(3)be devoted to致力于(4)be opposed to反对，对抗(5)be related to与有关1have been doing.people have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in amsterdam for years.在阿姆斯特丹人们一直在享受着骑自行车带来的好处。句式仿写我已经等了一个小时了，可他还没来。i have been waiting for an hour and he still hasnt turned up.2wherever引导让步状语从句wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.无论在哪儿，当某个人完成了一段旅程后，他们就会把自行车放在那里供其他人使用。句式仿写这位老人说：“无论我在哪里旅行，我都会给妻子寄一张明信片。” the old man said，“i will send my wife a postcard wherever i am travelling.”3not.but.不是而是the new “white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours.这种“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是一种颜色鲜艳的特殊设计。句式仿写我所羨慕的不是你所拥有的东西，而是你的为人。what i admire is not what you have，but what you are.4形容词短语作状语how often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry?有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？句式仿写那个迷路的男孩又冷又饿地在森林里过了三天。the lost boy spent three days in the forest，cold and hungry.benefit v有益于；有助于；受益n好处；利益；成效拓展词：beneficial adj.有益的(1)benefit sb./sth.对某人/物有益benefit from/by从中受益(2)be of benefit to对有益for ones benefitfor the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益(3)be beneficial to对有益 一句多译新规定对所有学生都有好处。(1)the new regulation will be of benefit to all the students.(be of benefit)(2)the new regulation will be beneficial to all the students.(beneficial)(3)all the students will benefit from the new regulation.(benefit from)(4)the new regulation will benefit all the students.(benefit vt.)易错点拨benefit作为及物动词，其宾语总是“受益者”，而不能是所受的“益处”。要表示“受益于某事(物)”，英语习惯上用benefit by/from sth.。 拓展词：convenience n方便，便利；便利的事物或设施(1)if it is convenient (to/for you)如果(你)方便的话it is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事很方便。(2)at ones convenience在某人方便时for convenience为方便起见for the convenience of为了方便(1)we hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient to/for you或at your convenience.如果你方便的话，我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。(2)the office is furnished with modern conveniences.办公室配备了现代化的设施。熟词生义写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(3)the most convenient parking is off church street.近处的；近便的易错点拨(1)convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；意为“便利的事物；便利设施”时为可数名词。(2)convenient的实际意思是“使人方便的”，而不是“(自己)感到方便的”，所以作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于it is convenient for sb.to do sth.这一句型中。 拓展词：consequently adv.因此；必然地as a consequencein consequenceas a result结果，因此as a consequence ofin consequence ofas a result of由于take/suffer/face the consequences of承担的结果/后果(be) of no/little consequence无足轻重；不重要(1)a great fire broke out，and as a consequence/result或in consequence，the house was completely destroyed./as a consequence/result of或in consequence of a great fire the house was completely destroyed.由于一场大火，该屋全毁。(2)we must take/suffer/face the consequences of our own deed.我们必须为自己的行为承担后果。(3)his decision is of no consequence to me.他的决定对我而言无足轻重。 拓展词：argument n争论；论据(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue for/against sth.支持/反对某事argue o/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事(2)beyond argument无可争辩(1)some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams.有些人认为只要人类和机器合作，他们就可以共存。(2017北京)(2)we tried many ways to argue him into following our advice，but in vain.我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。(3)it is beyond argument that diaoyu islands belong to china.钓鱼岛属于中国这是不争的事实。联想发散表示“说服某人做”的其他表达形式：talk o doing.，reason o doing.，persuade o doing.，convince sb.to do. 拓展词：sense n感觉；见识；意义；理智；vt.感觉到sensible adj.明智的；意识到的(1)be sensitive to对敏感(2)be sensible of意识到；认识到(3)make sense讲得通；有道理make sense of理解；弄懂in a sense在某种意义上in no sense决不(置于句首句子用倒装)(1)i learned that a fish is a coldblooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature.我得知鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。(2015广东)(2)are you sensible of the dangers of your position?你觉察出你处境中的危险了吗？(3)we read it through，but could not make sense of it.我们看了一遍，但不明白它说些什么。(4)the issue can in no sense be said to be resolved.无论如何这个问题都不能说已经解决了。句式升级把句(4)改为倒装句(5)in no sense can the issue be said to be resolved. content adj.满意的，满足的n满足；内容；所含之物；目录vt.使满足写出下列句子中黑体词的词性及汉语意思(1)she is reluctant to discuss the content of the play.n.内容(2)there is a table of contents in the front of a dictionary.n.目录(3)i am very content with my life at present.adj.满意的，满足的(4)he wisely contented himself with his family and his love of nature.v.使满足(5)i emptied the contents of the fridge into carrier bags.n.所含之物，所容纳的东西(1)feel/be content with对满足/满意be content to do sth.乐于做某事(2)content oneself with满足于；使(某人)自己对感到满足(3)to ones hearts content心满意足地；尽情地易错点拨(1)content作形容词时，只用作表语；若用于名词前作定语，要用contented。(2)content作“目录；所容纳之物”解时总是用其复数形式。appreciate v欣赏，赏识；感激，感谢；理解；意识到拓展词：appreciation n欣赏；感激；理解(1)appreciate doing.欣赏/感激做i would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激。(2)in appreciation of欣赏；感激(1)i dont appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.我不喜欢被作为二等公民对待。(2)please accept this gift in appreciation of all youve done for us.非常感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这件礼物。同义句改写(3)i would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience.(用grateful改写)(2017天津)i would be grateful to you for replying at your earliest convenience.易错点拨appreciate后不接不定式；其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，enjoy，hate，love，take，have等。amount n数量；总额v等于；合计(add up to)；发展成为(1)a small/large amount of不可数名词单数谓语动词少/大量的amounts of不可数名词复数谓语动词大量的(2)amount to合计，共有；等于，相当于(1)a large amount of money was spent(spend) on the bridge./large amounts of money were spent(spend)on the bridge.这座桥被投入了大量资金。(2)at the start of this year，foreigners living in italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million.今年年初，居住在意大利的外国人达到456万，而其总人口为6 060万。(2017浙江)(3)this amounts to cheating(cheat) the teacher.这等于欺骗老师。figure n数字；身材，体形；人物；雕像，塑像；图形v计算；认为 图解助记写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(1)she has a good figure.身材，体形(2)by 2014，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字(3)chairman mao is an important political figure.人物keep ones figure保持体形figure out弄懂；计算；想出，理解(4)if you dont understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与他人探讨，直到弄清楚。(2017北京)admit v承认(过错、罪行)，招认；接纳；准许进入；容纳拓展词：admission n准许进入；承认；入场费admit sth./doing sth.承认某事/做某事admit.to be.承认是o/to.允许进入；成为中的一员be admitted as.作为被接受；被接纳为(1)he had to admit (to) doing/having done wrong.他不得不承认做错了。(2)you must admit the task to be difficult/hard.你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。(3)how many students have been admitted into/to the school this year?今年这所学校已有多少学生入学？熟词生义写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(4)the theatre admits only 260 people.容纳(5)gates open at 10：30 am and admission is free.入场费易错点拨(1)admit表示“承认”，后可接名词、动名词，不接不定式。表示“允许进入”时，不接不定式的复合结构，即不能说：admit sb.to do.。(2)admit to承认，to为介词，admit doing sth.与admit to doing sth.同义。 拓展词：addict v使沉溺；使上瘾；n.有瘾的人addiction n癖好；上瘾addictive adj.上瘾的；使人入迷的(1)be/become/get addicted to (doing) sth.沉溺于(做)某事(2)addict oneself to沉溺于(3)have addiction to对上瘾；有癖好(1)i went through about four years of being addicted to video games.我大约有4年时间沉迷于电子游戏中。句式升级(2)the boy was addicted to computer games，and he didnt want to study.the boy addicted himself to computer games，and he didnt want to study.(用动词addict改写)addicted to computer games，the boy didnt want to study.(用形容词短语作状语改写) 拓展词：occupation n工作；职业；占领occupied adj.已占用的；无空闲的(1)occupy oneself with sth./(in) doing sth.忙于(做)某事(2)keep sb.occupied使某人忙碌be occupied with sth./(in) doing sth.忙于(做)某事(1)teaching and doing housework keep her occupied(occupy) every day.教书和做家务使她每天都很忙。(2)i suppose i was looking for an occupation(occupy) which was going to be an adventure.我想我那时在寻找一份冒险型职业。一句多译(3)当我进来的时候，学生们正忙着做作业。when i came in，the students were occupied with/(in) doing their homework.(occupied)when i came in，the students were occupying themselves with/(in) doing their homework.(occupy)when i came in，the students were busy with/(in) doing their homework.(busy)suit vt.适合；使适宜n一套外衣；套装拓展词：suitable adj.合适的；适宜的(1)suit sb.适合某人suit ones needs适合某人的需要(2)a suit of一套(3)be suitable for适合于be suitable to do sth.适合做某事(1)choose a computer to suit your needs.选一台适合你需要的电脑。(2)the film is suitable for children.这部电影适合孩子。句式升级(3)the challenge is finding suitable partners for them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)the challenge is finding partners that suit them.词义辨析suit，match，fit(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等；指衣服合适时，多指颜色和款式。(2)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。用suit，match，fit的正确形式填空(4)the size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me. (1)the earthquake caused/did damage to property estimated at 6 million.地震造成大约600万美元的财产损失。(2)natalies school was so damaged(damage) that she had to temporarily attend a school in brooklyn.娜塔利的学校受到了如此大的破坏以至于她不得不暂时去布鲁克林区上学。(2016北京)熟词生义写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(3)he claimed damages for his lost goods.赔偿费 be fed up with受够了；对厌烦feed on以为食feed.on.用喂feed.with.给提供feed食物to.用某物喂养(1)owls feed on mice and other small animals.猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。(2)please feed some grass to the cow.请给牛喂些草。句式升级(3)she was fed up with his lies，so she wont believe in him any longer.(用形容词短语作状语改写)fed up with his lies，she wont believe in him any longer. 图解助记思维发散其他表示“受够了，厌烦”的短语：be bored with，be tired of，be sick of。 写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(1)i work out regularly to keep fit.锻炼身体(2)things worked out quite well.结果是(3)ive worked out your share of the expenses at 10.计算出(4)then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden.(2016全国)制定出(1)work on从事；继续work as充当，作为而工作work up使激动；激起；逐步建立(完成)(2)in work有工作out of work无工作/失业at work在工作(5)how could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?既然你失业好几个月了，你怎么能拒绝那么好的一份工作呢？ 拓展词：reliable adj.可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的rely on/upon.to do/doing.依赖做rely on/upon sb./sth.for sth.在某事上依赖/指望某人/物rely on it that.指望；相信(1)tom is an honest and reliable(rely) student.汤姆是一个诚实可信赖的学生。(2)i rely on/upon him for everything；hes my right arm.我什么事都依赖他，他是我的得力助手。一句多译(3)你可以相信他会准时来的。you can rely on/upon his coming on time.(doing)you can rely on/upon him to come on time.(to do)you can rely on/upon it that he will come on time.(用it作形式宾语)易错点拨介词后边不能直接跟that宾语从句，需要用it作形式宾语再接宾语从句。 pull out (火车)驶离车站；离开；退出；拔出；拿出pull down把往下拉；拆毁pull in (列车等)进站；(汽车等)停下靠边pull over开到路边；靠边停车pull through (使)恢复健康；(使)渡过难关pull up (使)停下；(车)停止)用上述短语的正确形式填空(1)the doctor said i was not going to pull through.(2)the old building was pulled down for safety reasons last month.(3)we soon pulled up by the house and i told her what it was like here.(4)jim saw that the firm was going to be ruined，so he pulled out. 单句语法填空(1)so far he has done(do) all the work.用so far，by far填空(2)so far it has been the tallest building in the city.(3)jane is by far the best student in the class.词义辨析so far，by far(1)so far常和现在完成时连用。(2)by far修饰比较级或最高级，强调数量、程度等。 写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(1)the import of cotton goods went up sharply in 2015.上升(2)the whole building went up in flames.被烧毁(3)new houses are going up all over the countryside.兴建(4)a great cheer went up from the crowd.响起句式升级(5)the demand for it may increase as its price goes up.(用with复合结构改写)the demand for it may increase with its price going up.wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.无论在哪儿，当某个人完成了一段旅程后，他们就会把自行车放在那里供其他人使用。(1)wherever，whenever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter where/when/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(3)“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。(1)whenever/no matter when she comes，she brings a friend.无论何时来，她都带个朋友。(2)i will just say whatever comes into my mind.我想到什么就说什么。同义句改写(3)whatever happens，i will stand by you.(用“no matter疑问词”改写)no matter what happens，i will stand by you.(4)no matter who breaks the law，he should be punished.(改为名词性从句)whoever breaks the law should be punished.the new “white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours.这种“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是一种颜色鲜艳的特殊设计。not.but.不是而是，表取舍关系，连接主语、表语和宾语。not.but.连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词与but后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。用法类似的结构还有either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but (also).等。(1)not the manager but the workers are hoping to do that.希望做那件事的不是经理，而是工人。(2)neither you nor i am wrong.你没错，我也没错。(3)either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.要么你要么你的一个学生去参加预定在明天的会议。(4)参观这次展览，我们不仅能欣赏民间艺术，还能学到很多东西。(2017全国)visiting this exhibition，we will not only enjoy the folk art works，but also learn a lot.how often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry？有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？(1)形容词短语stressed out，tired and angry在句中作状语，说明谓语动词arrive发生时，主语所处的状态。(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。(1)tired and short of breath，andy and ruby were the first to reach the top of mount tai.累得气喘吁吁，安迪和鲁比最先到达泰山顶部。(2)he went home at last，safe and sound.他最终安然无恙地回了家。同义句改写用形容词短语作状语改写(3)she suddenly appeared and seemed happy and satisfied.happy and satisfied，she suddenly appeared.(4)the boy ran home with fear filling him.the boy ran home，full of fear.(5)on