大学英语3复习整理2.doc

信息学院计算机类1203-1204班大学英语3期末复习大学英语3复习整理Unit 1 Expressions1. get by过得去，尚可2. just about几乎3. get through通过，度过4. at that point就在那时5. on balance总的来说6. when it comes to谈及7. aside from除了8. cut back减少9. dine out外出吃饭10. on a small/big scale小（大）规模地11. at one time曾经，一度12. get along生活过得去13. miss out(on sth.)缺少，未得到14. in addition另外15. go with与相配16. whip up快速做成17. as a result结果18. relate to能领会，与有关19. take over占统治地位，取.而代之20. make a sense有意义的21. pick up买单22. face up to面对Language Sense EnhancementI suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It takes a couple of special qualities. One is a tolerance for solitude. Because we are so busy on such a tight budget, we dont entertain much. During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway. Jim and Emily are involved in school activities, but they too spend most of their time at home.The other requirement is energya lot of it . The way to make self-sufficient work on a small scale is to resist the temptation to buy a tractor and other expensive laborsaving devices. Instead, you do the work yourself. The only machinery we own (not counting the lawn mower) is a little three-horsepower rotary cultivator and a 16-inch chain saw.Comprehensive Exercises1.Text-relatedJim Doherty may not be a born farmer, but he gets by without too much trouble. Not that he has had it easy. That first hard winter he faced must have left him with the temptation to give up and go back to the city. But he managed to get through it without losing heart. Hes picked up a lot of skills since then and made some real improvement to his farm, though without much laborsaving machinery, aside from that old rotary cultivator. I suspected he doesnt make all that much, though he does have his writing to supplement what little profit he makes from the farm. I guess he does it primarily for the quality of life. Certainly, they seem a happy family and you can often see them out working together, one day spraying apple trees, the next stacking firewood.2.Theme-relatedA homesteader(自耕农) is a person who lives a self-reliant lifestyle with major emphasis on home production. While the Industrial Age is being replaced by information and electronics, some people try to seek an escape from the social, environmental, and economic madness of the modern age and begin to consider returning to the country . As this lifestyle is so enjoyable, satisfying and rewarding, more and more people are prepared to quit their job in the city and start a new and more meaningful life on their various farms . For some it has become not only a way of looking world.Of course , life in the country can be pretty tough. While it is an enjoyment to be so close to nature, you may have to reduce your dependence on fuels by cutting back on your daily consumption. You may also have to cook your own meals every day and assist your own low-cost entertainment without the idea that are common in cities. On occasion, however , living in the country has long been a part of the American Dream. Generations of Americans have considered the country an ideal setting in which to live and raise a family.Translation2.Translate the passage into English A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Unit 2Expressions1. stand up(for)支持2. be intent on(sth./doing sth.)热衷于，坚决要做3. on the side作为兼职，秘密的4. close in(on/around)接近，包围5. make the best of尽量利用，充分利用6. at a risk冒险7. in the eyes of在某人看来8. pass for被看做，被当成9. lead to导致10. usher in预报的到来11. be tired of厌倦的12. push(sb.) about/around摆布13. as for至于14. fall into落入，注入，陷于15. lay down放下Language Sense EnhancementYet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South. Between 1820 and 1860, as many as 100,000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom.In October 2000, President Clinton authorized $16 million for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U.S. The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And its about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. I was intent on telling their stories.Comprehensive Exercises1.Text-relatedThe Underground Railroad was forged by the efforts of those who were prepared to fight against slavery and stood up for the long-suffering South black Americans. Some of those who helped to transport slaves to the north and freedom were former slaves themselves. Others felt compelled to take part because of their deeply held convictions. For many of those involved, liberating the slaves from those who exploited them became a mission. While their eventual goal was to abolish slavery completely, in the meantime they were intent on helping to free as many slaves as possible, often at considerable risk. In the eyes of slave owners, they were dangerous enemies and frequently received death threats.2.Theme-relatedDespite the name, the Underground Railroad was not really a railroad, but was a network of people who assisted fugitive slaves . Many fugitives who escaped to the North and Canada received assistance along the way from individuals who were involved in this network. By the early 19th century, the organization became so successful that it is emerged that between 1810 and 1850, 100,000 slaves escaped from the South through the Underground Railroad.It was not a(n) curiosity that it was called the Underground Railroad . Steam railroads had just estimated and the terms used to describe the people who helped and the fugitives were related to the railroad line. Fugitive slaves were called “parcels” and “ passengers”, the helpers were the “conductors” , the people who provide their homes as refuge were called” stationmasters “, and the homes were stationed to as “ depots “ or “ stations “.The route used was an important part of a successful escape . There were numerous secret routes that a conductors could use. The one used depended on where the search parties , and slaves catchers were inspired. Some trips required the use of many different routes . If it appeared that they might be in danger, a guide would change paths. Some guides and fugitives even hid out in bushes and swamps for many days until it was safe to continue on. Quickness was not the main coincidence, instead safety was most important and as a result they often zigzagged in order to avoid captured.Translation2.Translate the passage into English Shortly after he achieved freedom, he became a member of an organization that assisted fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. In addition, later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chape land a school where they could learn useful ways of making a living. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, all the slaves would be liberated, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.Unit 3Expressions1. on the latch门关着但没上锁2. close up关闭3. hook up to连接到4. build in使成为建筑的一部分5. put up建造，设置6. stand for代表，象征7. be bathed in沉浸于，沐浴于8. with/by a small/large margin大幅度地9. look back on回顾10. aim at瞄准，对准11. take the plunge（尤指经过一番思考后）采取断然行动12. pull in（指机动车辆）驶近某处13. in ones favor对某人有利14. break in/into强行进入15. in/under the/no circumstances在这种情况下/在任何情况下16. count on依靠，指望17. draw the line at sth./doing sth.拒绝做某事，绝不容忍某事18. on the line冒险19. hold/keep sb. at bay不让逼近20. keep on the right side of sb.不要惹恼Language Sense EnhancementIt has been replaced by dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open.Its not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows small notice announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company.The lock is the new symbol of America. Indeed, a recent public-service advertisement by insurance company featured not charts showing how much at risk we are, but a picture of a childs bicycle with the now-usual padlock attached to it.Comprehensive Exercises1.Text-relatedStatistics show that crime in the rural areas is now rising faster than in the cities. The era when the countryside stood for safety and security has long gone. No longer is anywhere to go out leaving the door on the latch. We all feel vulnerable and seek to strengthen the barrier we use to hold criminals at bay. These can range from old fashioned bolts and bars to the latest electronic devices. A moments reflection, however, is enough to bring us face to face with the following puzzle: we may have locked the evils out, but in doing so we have locked ourselves in. This hardly seems a civilized way of life. 2.Theme-relatedStatistic show that at some point in your life , you will get robbed. Things get even worse for apartment dwellers(居住者) because so many people pass in and out of an apartment building, and it s much tougher to keep non-residents out.So what to do? Don t panic . Yes, apartments are liable to robbery, but there are options other than barricading yourself in your apartment with a shotgun. We suggest that you use some common sense to shift that target from your door. Then the burglar will rob the less guarded, not you.We know what s you re thinking:” Ill never get robbed. Who d want to steal a half can of Diet Coke and an electric toothbrush?” If those really are the only things in your apartment, you have every reason not to worry . However, if you have something you d like to keepsay , a TY, a stereo, a computer, a Picassoit s wise to be cautious. Your goal is not to set up any sophisticated security systems to hold thieves at bay; your goal is to keep criminals from even trying to break into your apartment in the first place. If someone really wants to break in, chances are that he/she is going to find a way to by breaking a window or climbing up the fire escape. Therefore, you should remove all signs that say” Hey, look at me! Lots of goodies and no security! Come on in!” Lock the door when you leave. Don t leave the windows open all day long. Don t tape notes on the door directed to your mate reading “ Gone all day! Left the door unlocked for you!” Just use your brains! Translation2.Translate the passage into English It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols or those wandering around. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/assure yourself that you dont leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.Unit 5Expressions1. under way航行中，工作中2. put away把收好，放好3. get to sth./doing sth.开始认真思考4. and the rest等等5. turn over考虑，思考6. takefor granted认为是理所当然的7. on sb.s behalf/on the behalf of sb.为（某人），为（某人）的利益，代表某人8. be exposed to使暴露，使接触9. be immersed in沉浸在，沉迷于10. in part在某种程度上，部分地11. in turn挨个的，轮流的12. bring back回想起13. in a flash瞬间14. a news flash电讯15. a flash of hope一线希望16. an electronic flash电子闪光灯17. go about表现，忙于，着手18. long for (sth.)/to(do sth.)渴望19. in secret秘密的，暗自20. cut off突然闯到另一车辆面前21. home in(on sth.)移向，朝向，把注意力集中于22. out on the limb独立从事23. round up使集合在一起24. (right)off the bat一开始，马上25. part with放弃26. jot down扼要记下27. reach out(to sb./sth.)伸出手以触到，抓到或拿到28. in reverse逆行29. just the reverse正好相反30. suffer a reverse遭遇挫折31. the reverse of绝不是32. deep/profound gratitude深切的感激之情Language Sense EnhancementThe Reverend Nelson wrote that his decades as a “simple, old-fashioned principal” had ended with schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt.” I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right,” he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated.A glance at Grandmas familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her” settin down” some letter to relatives. Character by character, Grandma would slowly accomplish one word, then the next, so that a finished page would consume hours. I wept over the page representing my Grandmas recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to mewhom she used to diaper!Comprehensive Exercises1.Text-relatedAlex Haley was at sea when he started thinking how best he could mark Thanksgiving. Turning over the meaning of holiday in his mind, he came to reverse the order of the words and got to thinking about giving thanks . How , he wondered, could he repay those who had been so helpful to him in the past? It seemed to him that the best way he could express his gratitude would be to write to them. For too long he had gone about without troubling to tell them how much he appreciated all that they had done for him. Before long he had assemble pen and paper and was immersed in writing. Not long after the ship reached port, people started unloading its cargo together with his letters. The replies were not swift in arriving, but when they did, he found them deeply moving.2.Theme-relatedWake up each day and give gratitude for what you have. Instead of giving any thought at all to what you do not have in your life, just spend as much time as you possibly can each day giving thanks for all of the people, opportunities, material possessions, good health and any other things that you have in your life that make it so good. It s said that we take so much for granted that we sometimes forget to be thankful for the small things that make our lives so much richer. If you have ever been out of breath out under water for too long, the next breaths you take are that much sweeter.Tell others how much you love and cherish them every chance you get. You may never see someone again so you always want to leave them by telling them just how special they are to you. When you are telling them how much you care about them and how thankful you are for having them in your life, give them specific examples of what you love about them the most.Take the time appreciate every little thing in your life. When the sun is shining, the grass is wet beneath your feet and your dog is barking, give thanks for these small miracles. Every moment we have is a gift. Use your time to show and tell others how important and special they are. Giving someone your time and kind words is the greatest of all. Translation2.Translate the passage into English Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. Georges father used to impress on him the need to under go all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. He also taught him that nothing in the world could be taken for granted. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesops famous saying Gratitude is the sign of noble souls and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.Unit 6Expressions1. in tune和谐的2. in a whisper低声地3. hear of听说4. look the part看上去很像5. turn loose放手，放纵6. to excess过度7. for the rest至于其他8. pull up拉起9. stand out显著，突出10. wear away时间流逝，磨损，磨去11. call to呼唤12. be wet through湿透13. now and again时而，偶尔14. start off出发，动身15. take no notice of(sb./sth.)不理会16. cut(sb.)short中止，打断17. pull out拔出，度过18. cling to紧紧抓住Language Sense EnhancementOne Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor beneath them. He was past sixty and had a long white beard curling down over his chest. Despite looking the part. Behrman was a failure in art. For forty years he had been always about to paint a masterpiece, but had never yet begun it. He earned a little by serving as a mo