译林版必修三Unit 2 Language language points学案 (1).doc

unit 2 language language points学案1. confusing (adj.) (=unclear and difficult to understand)we often say very confusinge.g. the instructions were really confusing.cricket can be a pretty confusing game for non-players. lifes confusing sometimes, you know.*同义词1)（= not clear）不清楚的，含糊的unclear/not clear ambiguous vague confusing unintelligible2)(=something that makes you feel confused)令人困惑的confusing puzzling bewilderingadj. confused adv. confusinglyvt. confuse1)(=to make someone feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand)e.g. i understand the text but the diagrams are confusing me.2)(=to think wrongly that a person or thing is someone or something else)confuse sb with sthe.g. people might well confuse the two products.i always confuse you with your sister - you look so alike.3) confuse the issue/matter/argument etc(=to make it even more difficult to think clearly about a situation or problem or to deal with it)e.g. he kept asking unnecessary questions which only confused the issue.2.invade vi/vt. (=to enter a country, town, or area using military force, in order to take control of it)e.g.the romans invaded britain 2000 years ago.a virus has invaded most of their computers already.er.sicily was invaded by the normans, and later by the saracens.*搭配nouns: army, body, country, home, island, privacy, territory, world*同义词 attack a place or country n. invasion c.u e.g. the invasion of normandy3. create v.1)引起，造成(=to make something exist that did not exist before)e.g. some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion.her behaviour is creating a lot of problems.the new factory is expected to create more than 400 new jobs.some believe the universe was created by a big explosion.2)创造，创作(=to invent or design something)e.g. this dish was created by our chef jean richard.philip glass created a new kind of music.picasso created a completely new style of painting.she wanted to create a garden to complement her beautiful home.*搭配 nouns: atmosphere, environment, file, illusion, image, impression, job, market, opportunity, problem, system, wealth, worldverbs: help, try4. rule 1) rule n. c(=an official instruction that says how things must be done or what is allowed, especially in a game, organization, or job) = law, regulatione.g. it says in the rules that every child has to wear school uniform.what are the rules of the game?strict ruleunwritten/unspoken rule (=an unofficial rule that everyone knows about) break a rule (=not obey a rule)follow/obey the rulesbend/stretch the rules (=do something that is not normally allowed) under the rules (of something) (=according to a particular set of rules) *更多例子it is strictly against the rules for athletes to take drugs.no ones allowed to ride with the driver. thats a company rule.the rules of grammar in french are very complex.2)rule v.(1) vi./ vt 统治(=to have the official power to control a country and the people who live there) govern:e.g. queen victoria ruled england for 64 years.henry viii ruled england from 1509 to 1547.rule over 统治，支配e.g. alexander the great ruled over a huge empire.(2)vt. 控制，影响 (=if a feeling or desire rules someone, it has a powerful and controlling influence on their actions) =control/influencee.g. the passion for power and success which rules herlifeashleys life was ruled by her addiction to drugs.the medical examiners office ruled the death a murder.rule sth./sb. out 排除, 划去the police have ruled out suicide.she has refused to rule out the possibility of singing again.5. replace vt.1)替换，代替，取代(=take the place of)replace sb./sth. e.g. im replacing sue on the team.lectures have replaced the old tutorial system.two of the tyres had to be replaced.replace a with b 用b代替ae.g. they replaced the permanent staff with part-timers.6. adopt1)vi./vt. adopt a child 收养(=to take someone elses child into your home and legally become its parent) foster :e.g. sally was adopted when she was four.the couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to adopt.2) vt. adopt an approach/policy/attitude etc 采用(=to start to deal with or think about something in a particular way)e.g. the store recently adopted a drug testing policy for all new employees.california has adopted a tough stance(姿态) on the issue.*同义词（to look after a child who is not your own for a long time） adopt foster guardian in careadopter n. c 养父母 adoptee n.c 被收养者 adoption n. 收养，采用7.record1) record v(1) vt. 记录 e.g. her husband made her record every penny she spent.record +that从句e.g. he recorded that the operation was successful.in 1892,it is recorded that the weather became so cold that the river froze over.(2)vt./vi 录音，录制e.g. the group has just recorded a new album.is the machine still recording?ill record the film and we can all watch it later.(3)vt. 记载下来 (=if an instrument records the size, speed, temperature etc of something, it measures it and keeps that information)e.g. wind speeds of up to 100 mph have been recorded.2) record n.(1)记录，记载 c e.g . the fact that they have had the test will be noted on their medical records. keep a record medical/dental records school recordshistorical records a written record place/put sth. on record (=include something in the official records) be on record (=when something you have said is written down) access to records (=the right to see a record) (2)(体育运动中最高或低的)记录c e.g. as a student, he broke the scottish record for the 100 metres.break/beat a recordhold a record smash a record (=beat a record easily) equal a recorda world recordan olympic record(3) 唱片c e.g. i spent a lot of time listening to records.my dads got a huge record collection.a major british record company8. be made up of 由组成，由构成e.g. this museum is made up of three parts.be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made bye.g. these books are made from wood.the desk is made of wood.all the cars are made in china. the model plane will be made by his son.9. consist of 由组成， 由构成(=to be formed from two or more things or people) (=be made up of) 不用被动语态e.g. the buffet consisted of several different indian dishes.consist mainly/largely/primarily of sb. /sth.e.g. the audience consisted mainly of teenagers.consist entirely/solely of sb./sth.e.g. the area does not consist entirely of rich people, despite popular belief. 10. have an impact on10. have an impact on/upon 对有影响，对有作用(=inluence, affect, have an effect/influence on)e.g. the change in leadership will have a huge impact on government policy.11. depend on/upon sb./sth. 1) 取决于, 视而定e.g. we might need more cars, depending on the number of people gathering here.depend on how/what/whether etce.g. choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for.2)依靠，信赖，需要，依靠（提供资金，帮助） （=if something depends on something else, it is directly affected or decided by that thing）e.g. the length of time spent exercising depends on the sport you are training for.the country depends heavily on its tourist tradedepend on sb./sth. for sth.e.g many women have to depend on their husbands for their state pension.depend on sb./sth. to do e.g.im depending on you to tell me everything.depend on sb. doing somethinge.g.were depending on him finishing the job by friday.3)口语中（used to say that you cannot give a definite answer to something because your answer will be affected by something else）e.g. how long are you staying? i dont know; it depends.12. promise1) vt. /vi.(1) (=to tell someone that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will happen)promise sth. e.g. last night the headmaster promised a full mise to do sth. e.g. shes promised to do all she can to mise (that) e.g. hurry up - we promised we wouldnt be mise sb. (that) e.g. you promised me the car would be ready on mmise sth. to sb. e.g. ive promised that book to ian, im mise somebody somethinge.g. the company promised us a bonus this year.e.g.ill be back by 1.00. promise? yes! dont worry.he reappeared two hours later,as promised.promise me you wont do anything stupid. i promise.2) n. c(= statement that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will definitely happen)a promise ofe.g.a promise of helpa promise to sb.e.g.his promise to his fathermake a promise to do sth.e.g. she made a promiseto visit them once a month.keep/break a promise (=to do or fail to do something you promised)e.g. dont make promises you cant keep.i might have to break my promise. 13. disagree vi1) 意见不一，分歧(=to have or express a different opinion from someone else ) agreedisagree with sb. 与某人意见不一致 e.g. he is tolerant of those who disagree with him.disagree about/over/on sth. 在某事上意见不一 e.g. experts disagree on how much the program will cost.barrstrongly disagreedwith kronfelds statement.disagree with doing sth. 不同意做某事2)不一致，不同,不统一(=if statements, numbers, or reports about the same event or situation disagree, they are different from each other) agree:e.g. the statements of several witnesses disagree.3)(食物等)对某人不适宜，使人不舒服(=if something such as food or weather disagrees with you, it has a bad effect on you or makes you ill)disagree with sb. e.g. seafood always disagrees with me.disagree v. disagreement n.agree v.agreement n.14. set vt.确定(标准等), 制定(规则等), 树立(榜样, 规范等)e.g. before we start playing the game, we need to set some rules. 制定一些规则写出其他含义1) olive twist is set in london. (为设置背景)2)in dry winter, a little spark can easily set the woods on fire. (使处于某种状态)3)the sun sets in the west. (落下)4)have you set a date for your wedding yet? (安排，确定)15. ban (banned, banned)1) vt.禁止 (=to say that something must not be done, seen, used etc) = prohibit; allow:e.g. smoking is banned in the building.ban sb from doing 禁止某人做某事e.g charlies been banned from driving for a year.a banned substance/drug (=a drug that people competing in a sport are not allowed to take because it improves their performance)2)n.c 禁令， 禁止a ban on 对的禁令e.g. there is a ban on smoking in our school.16. spread1)n.传播, 蔓延，展开(single) (=when something affects or is known about by more people or involves a larger area) spread of e.g. the rapid spread of cholera(霍乱) in latin americathe spread of aids in the last few years has been alarming.2) vi./vt. 传播，散布 (spread, spread)e.g. ill tell you a secret, but you must promise not to spread it aournd. the disease spread quickly.spread to/through/overe.g. buddhism spread to china from india.17. access1)vt. 接近，使用e.g. you can access the tree by a ladder.users can access their voice mail remotely.2) n. u(1)使用权(=the right to enter a place, use something, see someone etc)access toe.g. cats should always have access to fresh, clean water.(2)接近的机会(how easy or difficult it is for people to enter a public building, to reach a place, or talk to someone)e.g. citizens may have the access to the library(3)通路，通道(=the way you use to enter a building or reach a place)e.g. access to the restrooms is through the corridor.a villa with easy access to the sea18. look up 1)查寻(在字典里等) e.g. the lady is helping a boy look up a book in the catalogue.(目录) dont look up each new word you meet in the dictionary while reading an article.2)向上看，仰视19. care about 关心，关怀，关注，在意e.g. he cares a lot about his marks at school.区别 care about, care forcare for 非常喜欢/照顾，照料e.g. he cares for her, no matter what she does. nurses care for the patients in the hospital.20. at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度e.g. at one time, i lived in poverty, the billionaire told his audience.写出下列短语的含义at all times 总是，随时at the same time 同时at a time 每次，一次at any time 在任何时候at times 有时，间或at the time of 在的时期21. represent1)vt. 代表(某人/某组织) （=to officially speak or take action for another person or group of people）e.g. mr kobayashi was chosen to represent the company at the conference.2)(法庭上)代表(某人, 尤指为自己辩护) (=to speak officially for someone in a court of law)represent yourselfe.g.she decided to represent herself (=speak for herself without a lawyer)during the trial.(审判)派生词n. representation 代表，维护，表现形式，描绘 representative 代表人22. simplify (simplified)vt. 简化(=to make something easier or less complicated)simply sth.e.g. the writer tried to simply his story for children to read.the law needs to be simplified.a simplified version of the game23. originally adv. 最初，原先，起先 originally adv.original adj. origin n. e.g. originally this house was rather old, but weve redecorated it. 填空1)who was the original owner of this house?2)what is the origin of man?24. reflect vt.1)反映，映出（影象）/反射（声音，光，热等）e.g. the mirror reflects your image when you look into it.be reflected in sth.e.g. she could see her face reflected in the cars windshield.（挡风玻璃）2)显示，表达，表明(事物的自然属性，或人们的态度，情感等)e.g. the figure reflects a change in peoples traveling habits.reflect who/what/how etce.g. how much youre paid reflects how important you are to the company you work for.25. indicate vi/vt.1)vt. 显示，象征(=to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true)indicate sth.i