江苏省徐州市王杰中学2017届高三英语复习：M1 Unit 1 知识点.doc

必修一Unit 1School lifeLANGUAGE POINTS1experience vt.经历，体验 n经验；经历Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。(1)be a/an . experience for sb. 对某人来说是的经历have experience in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面有经验(2)experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的be experienced in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面有经验The_experienced_engineer has experience in operating this kind of machine.这位有丰富经验的技师在操作这种机器方面有经验。She used to be a manager in a company, so she has_experience_in/is_experienced_in management.她曾经是一家公司的经理，因此她在管理方面有经验。 experience意为“经历，体验”时是可数名词，意为“经验”时是不可数名词。2respect n& vt.尊敬，敬重He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades.他还告诉我们，赢得尊敬的最佳途径就是努力学习得高分。(1)have/show respect for .尊重out of respect for sb. 出于对某人的尊敬in all/some/many respects 在各个/某些/许多方面(2)respect sb.for . 因而尊重某人(3)respectful adj. 恭敬的，有礼貌的respected adj. 受人尊敬的，受敬重的respectable adj. 可敬的，正派的，体面的(4)respecting prep. 关于I hope airlines can show/have_more_respect_for passengers and improve service.我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。She always makes herself look_a_bit_more_respectable before she goes out.她总是外出前把自己打扮得更体面些。Out_of_respect_for the wishes of her family, the affair was not reported in the newspapers.出于对她家人的意愿的尊重，此事没有在报纸上披露。读句子猜词义In which respect do you think China is the greatest？方面Please give my respects to your parents. 问候3devote vt.致力于；献身Once married, Jo devoted her life to looking after children and being a fulltime homemaker.一结婚，乔就全身心地投入到照料孩子与做全职家庭主妇中去了。(1)devote oneself to 献身于，致力于，专心于devote .to . 把用于，把献给(2)devoted adj. 忠实的，深爱的be devoted to 深爱；致力于，专心于，忠实于(3)devotion n. 关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚He devoted all his life to_helping_the_children who are in need of help.他把一生都献给了帮助那些需要帮助的孩子们。Devoted_to_the_people,_he gave all his life in saving his patients lives.他忠于人民，把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。We were deeply moved by his_devotion_to_music.我们被他对音乐的奉献精神而深深感动。以上短语中的to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例句的其他表达方式He was devoted to helping the children who are in need of help all through his life.He was occupied in helping the children who are in need of help all through his life.He occupied himself in helping the children who are in need of help all through his life. 4average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的n.平均，平均数v.算出的平均数This is about the average size for British schools.这基本上相当于英国学校的平均班额。(1)an average of平均有(后跟数词)(2)on (the) average 平均起来，一般地above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下On_(the)_average,_people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do.一般来说，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人更健康。Ades work at school is above_(the)_average,_Hans is below_(the)_average and Brooks is about up to the average.艾德的功课在平均水平以上，汉斯的在平均水平以下，布鲁克斯的接近平均水平。5struggle vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎n.难事；斗争；努力We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。struggle for 为而努力/奋斗/斗争struggle with/against 与作斗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle to do sth. 艰难地或挣扎着做某事We are struggling to_change_human_behaviour in ways that protect health and reduce risks and threats.我们正在努力改变人类的行为方式以保护健康并减少风险和威胁。Farmers always have to struggle for_ a living and they often struggle against/with the bad weather for a better harvest.农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他们经常与恶劣的天气作斗争来争取有个更好的收成。6exchange n& vt.交换；交流；兑换Next year, I plan on attending a high school in China on a student exchange programme, and I found your article a great encouragement to me.明年我打算按照学生交流计划到中国的一所高中学习，我觉得你的文章对我来说是个很大的鼓励。(1)make an exchange交换in exchange (for .) 作为交换()(2)exchange sth.for sth. 用某物交换某物exchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物(3)exchange student 两国交换的留学生cultural exchange 文化交流They exchanged_experience_with us after returning from Australia.从澳大利亚回来之后，他们和我们进行了经验交流。You may exchange_it_for a brown one if your husband doesnt like the color.如果你丈夫不喜欢这种颜色，你可以换一件棕色的。It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in_exchange_for favors to them.政府官员以对人们的帮助作为交换而向他们索要钱物是不合法的。7inform vt.通知，告知We regret to inform you that our library will be closed next Wednesday, Thursday and Friday for the sports meeting.我们很遗憾地通知您，我们图书馆将在下周三、周四和周五因运动会而关闭。inform sb. that . 通知/告知某人inform sb. of . 通知/告知某人keep sb. informed of . 随时告知某人/使某人了解Had I informed_him_of the exact time for the meeting earlier, he wouldnt have been late yesterday.要是我早一点通知他开会的准确时间，昨天他就不会迟到了。It is necessary that we keep the young generation informed_of_history and make them remember history.我们很有必要让年青一代了解历史并记住历史。inform后不能直接带双宾语，而是借助于介词of，构成inform sb. of sth.结构。8approve vt.& vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意He approved the idea, and two years later I am in charge of the radio club as the oldest student member.他同意了这个想法，两年后我作为俱乐部的元老级成员负责广播俱乐部的工作。(1)approve sth.批准/通过某事approve of (doing) sth. 赞成/同意(做)某事(2)approval n. 批准；赞成，同意I approve_of your earning some money, but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱，但是请不要耽误了功课。She would never do anything that did not meet with her_parents_approval.她从来不会做父母不赞成的事情。“赞成/同意某人做某事”不可说成approve sb. to do sth., 因为approve意为“同意，赞成”时是不及物动词，所以应该用approve of sb./ones doing sth.，其中介词of后是动词ing的复合结构。9charge n负责，掌管；费用；电荷vt.使承担责任；收费，要价；控告I wonder how much you will charge me for the sixweek course.我想知道这个为期六周的课程您向我收费多少。(1)charge sb. for sth.为某事而向某人收费charge sb. with sth. 指控某人犯罪/过错(2)in charge of 负责，掌管in the charge of sb. in ones charge 由某人负责/掌管take charge of 负责，掌管free of charge 免费The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs.曾经掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。He sold his farm, coll