2011届上海市英语散装同步试卷·七校联考.docx

2011年上海英语八校联考IIGrammar and VocabularySection A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, Cand DChoose the one answer that best completes the sentence25The previous lecture focused on the reading problems in new words, while this lecture will turn to _ in complex sentence structures AthatBoneCthoseDones26It is a common sense that _ for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin AexposedBbeing exposed CexposingDto expose27The 16th Asian Games, attracting the attention from all over the world, _ in Guangzhou from November 12 to 27, 2010 Awas heldBhas been held Cwere held Dwould be held28After the party, most guests left, with only two of them _ in the host family, _ him cleaning up Aremaining, helped Bremaining, helping Cremained, helped Dremained, helped29Under the pressure of inflation, many families, nowadays in China, cry helplessly over _ is left of their homes AwhatBwhichCthereDthat30The earth, expected by many experts, in the next few years, _ possibly be hit by more extreme weather like thunderstorms AwouldBmayCcouldDshould31It is quite a time _ Yao Ming got injured, and many fans hope it wont be long _ he returns to the court A before, since B after, whenC since, beforeD that, when32The connection between Paul of the New Orleans Hornets and James of the Miami Heat has strengthened during the past seven years, to the point _ James thinks of Paul as his best friend in the NB. AwhichBwhat Cthat Dwhere33The inclusion of acupuncture marks the acknowledgement _ acupuncture was created by China, not other countries like South Korea, Japan, etc AwhatBthat Cwhich Dwhere34Unfortunately, some _ doctors are indifferent to patients, which causes many conflicts Alicensed BlicensingClicense Dhaving licensed35A new production, which has come to the cinema before what would have been Bruce Lees 70th birthday on November, _ to fill the gap Aaims Baiming CaimedDto aim36The little boy, who can play the piano perfectly, is thought to be _ of a pianist A somebodyB someoneC somethingD some one37If water becomes increasingly scarce in decades _, water shortage will become a hot issue all over the world AcomingBhaving comeCto comeDto be coming38- Shall we attend the concert this evening? - Great idea, _ we can do some shopping first AwhenBwhereCsince Dif39Determined to devote himself to those poor children, he chose to teach in a western province, though he _ in the city for a better life A could stayB would have stayed C could have stayed D had stayed40So well _ in 2010 that the world has agreed that it was the year of China Aid China performBChina has performed Cas China performedDChina is performingSection B Directions: Complete the following passage by choosing the words in the boxEach wordcan only be used onceNote there is one word more than you needA the sun B source C unless D like E withoutF limited G renewable H burning I storable J sunlight Using the power of the sun is nothing newPeople have had solar-powered calculators and buildings with solar panels for decadesBut plants are the real experts: theyve been using 41 as an energy source for billions of years Cells in the green leaves of plants work 42 tiny factories to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starchesstored energy that the plants can use, this conversion process is called photosynthesis（光合作用）Unfortunately, 43 youre a plant, its difficult and expensive to convert sun light into 44 energyThats why scientists are taking a closer look at exactly how plants do it In a world with increasing energy needs, researchers are always looking for new ways to power everything from cars to computers 45 putting more stress on the environmentThats another reason why scientists are so interested in solar powerit doesnt pollute the air, water, or landAnd since the sun lights and warms the entire planet, the ability to harness its energy could provide a clean energy 46 for everyone The main sources of energy that people use today are called fossil fuels, such as natural gas, oil, and coalUnfortunately, the supply of fossil fuel is 47 Once we use all the coal and oil in the Earth, theyre gone for goodThe sun, on the other hand, is a 48 energy sourceNo matter how we tap it for energy, the sun will be around at least for the next few billion years Theres another problem with 49 fossil fuelspollutionThe ideal energy sources of the future will be “clean”: they wont produce carbon dioxide and other gases that pollute the environment as fossil fuels doIIIReading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and DFill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the contextAn earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct8, 2005It took some 75000 lives, 50 130000 and left nearly 35 million without food, jobs or homes 51 overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed 52 the region, tended by international aid organizations, military 53 and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set inMercifully, the season was mildBut with the 54 of spring, the refugees will be moved againCamps that 55 health care, food and shelter for 150000 survivors have begun to close as they were 56 intended to be permanent For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings 57 emotionsThe past six months have been difficultFamilies of as many as 10 people have had to shelter 58 a single tent and share cook stoves and bathing 59 with neighbours“ They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,” officials say“They are dreaming of free fresh fruitThey want to get back to their herds and start 60 again” But most will be returning to 61 but heaps of ruinsIn many villages, electrical 62 have not been repaired, nor have roadsAid workers 63 that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took awayAnd for the thousands of survivors, the 64 will never be complete50AinjuredBruinedCdestroyedDdamaged51AAltogetherBAlmostCScarcelyDSurely52AamongBaboveCamidDacross53AranksBequipment CpersonnelDinstallations54AfallingBemergenceCarrivalDappearing55AstrengthenedBaided CtransferredDprovided56AneverBonce CeverDyet57ApuzzledBcontrastedCdoubledDmixed58AbyBbelowCunderDwith59AfacilitiesBinstrumentsCimplementsDappliances60AproducingBcultivatingCfarmingDnourishing61AanythingBsomethingCeverythingDnothing62AlinesBchannelsCpathsDcurrents63AaccountBmeasureCestimateDevaluate64Areservation BretreatCreplacementDrecoverySection B Directions: Read the following passageEach passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statementsFor each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and DChoose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read（A）Tui Na and Your Emotional Health In Traditional Chinese Medicine the body, mind and spirit cannot be divided and so the unique whole-body treatment in Tui Na can also be a useful treatment correcting any imbalances in the bodys energy before symptoms and disease can developIt also works to restore emotional harmony as well as physical healthThis is why after a Tui Na treatment many people feel goodMany people in China use Tui Na regularly to keep healthy and to deal with some specific illnesses Tui Na is performed on the clothed body and the patient is either lying on a couch or sitting on a chairTherapists using a variety of strokes or movements will control the intensity and direction of pressure in an exact wayThe unique rolling movement in Tui Na is one of the most difficult strokes to learn and students have to practice sometimes for many months on a rice bag before they are allowed to practice on the human bodyStress Tui Na is of course very useful for treating stress It distributes the energy around the whole bodyIt is believed that Tui Na moves the strong energy in the tense muscles to the weaker areas, thus making a more balanced bodyWhen your Qi （energy in the body） flow is balanced you feel relaxed and comfortable Tui Na is especially useful for stiff shoulders and tense neck musclesEmotions In Traditional Chinese Medicine each major organ is linked to an emotionBy balancing the energy in the organ, the relevant emotion will be calmedWhen your emotions are out of control, you would usually turn to your doctor or perhaps a psychotherapistBut perhaps some people would not like to be seeing a psychotherapist or feel nervous about discussing their problems with othersWith Tui Na one does not need to tell the therapist anything one does not want toThe treatment of Tui Na can deal with the problem itself although if one does need to talk, then the safe space is there to do soAn active dialogue between the therapist and the patient will help to get a better effectHow the major organs rule your emotions Each major organ the heart, the stomach, the spleen, the liver, the bladder, the kidneys, the lungs, etc is linked to a relevant emotion The heart is linked to joy, excitement and sadnessIf the heart is out of balance, the patient may dream a lot at night and often forget something important in the dayThe stomach and spleen are connected with too much thinking or worrying over anxietyWhen the stomach is out of balance there is often a lack of energyThe patient often feels very tired and has no interest in doing anything at all The liver and gall bladder are linked to angerIn Chinese Medicine the eyes are connected with the liver, and many people who suffer from anger often suffer from eye problemsThe gall bladder rules decision-making and too much energy here can lead to rashness, while if there is too little it can bring about indecisionWhere there is a history of depression, the therapist would look to the liver The bladder and kidneys are linked to fear of all kinds, from simple anxieties and phobias to vague fears and worries The lungs are connected with feelings of grief and sadnessWhen there is a history of grief, the therapist would look to the lungs Tui Na is used in almost all the hospitals in China and very popular among Chinese peopleIt is a useful and valuable method of restoring Qi balance, when emotional and physical health is out of balanceTui Na is one of the remaining secrets of Chinese Medicine65According to the passage, which statement is TRUE about Tui Na? ATui Na is a whole-body treatment and cant be divided into different partsBTui Na can be used to balance the diseases before they can develop in the body CTui Na can bring back not only physical health but also emotional health DTui Na only makes people feel good but do not actually cure disease66How can the emotion be calmed? ABy linking the organ to an emotionBBy telling the therapist anything one does not want to CBy discussing their problems with others DBy balancing the energy in the relevant organ67When the stomach is out of balance, Athe patient will have a stomachache Bthe patient will have a lot to worry about Cthe patient will have nothing to do Dthe patient will not feel like doing anything（B）Black Boxes Although they are called black boxes, aviation recorders are actually painted orangeThis distinct color, along with the strips of reflective tape attached to the recorders exteriors, helps investigators locate the black boxes following an accidentThese are especially helpfulwhen a plane lands in the waterThere are two possible origins of the term black boxes ; Some believe it is because early recorders were painted black, while others think it refers to the charring that occurs in post-accident fires In addition to the paint and reflective tape, black boxes are equipped with an underwater locator beacon （ULB）If you look at the picture of a black box, you will almost always see a small, cylindrical object attached to one end of the deviceThis cylinder（圆筒） is actually a beacon If a plane crashes into the water, this beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse that cannot be heard by human ears but is readily detectable by sonar and acoustical locating equipmentThere is a sensor on the side of the beacon that looks like a bulls eyeWhen water touches this sensor, it activates the beacon The beacon sends out pulses at 375 kilohertz （kHz） and can transmit sound as deep as 14,000 feet （4,267 m）Once the beacon begins pinging, it pings once per second for 30 daysThis beacon is powered by a battery In rare instances, the beacon may get snapped off during a high-impact collision In the United States, when investigators locate a black box, it is transported to the computer labs at the National Transportation Safety Board （ NTSB）Special care is taken in transporting these devices in order to avoid any （further） damage to the recording mediumIn the lab, investigators download the data from the recorders and attempt to recreate the events of the accidentThis process can take weeks or months to completeIn the United States, black-boxes manufacturers supply the NTSB with the readout systems and software needed to do a full analysis of the recorders stored data A team of experts is usually brought in to interpret the recordings stored on a black boxThis group typically includes a representative from the airline, a representative from the airplane manufacturer, an NTSB transportation-safety specialist and an NTSB air-safety investigatorThis group may also include a language specialist from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and, if needed, an interpreterThis board attempts to interpret 30 minutes of words and sounds recorded by the black box This can be a painstaking process and may take weeks to complete The black box is an invaluable tool for any aircraft investigationIt is often the lone survivor of airplane accidents, and as such provides important clues to the cause that would be impossible to obtain any other wayAs technology evolves, black boxes will continue to play a tremendous role in accident investigations68Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text?AAviation recorders are known as the black boxesBSome people believe that the black box got its name because it was painted blackCSome people believe that the black box got its name because of its colour after the accidentDIt is only the distinct orange colour that helps investigators locate the black boxes after an accident69What can activate the underwater locating beacon （ULB）? AA bulls eyeBSonar CA sensor on the side of the beaconDAcoustical locating equipment70How many people are needed at least to interpret the recordings stored on a black box? AThreeBFourCFive DSix71Which word can best describe the process of interpreting recordings on a black box? AComfortable BCarefulCExcitingDSuffering（C） Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and resultsWe want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay of cities, or the decay of teethWe are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sulphur or lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage in rivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before an examination? Causal reasoning may go from cause to effect or from effect to causeEither way, we reason from what we know to what we want to find outSometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to another effectThus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, the refrigerator wont work, we first relate the effect （lights out） to the cause （power off） and then relate that cause to another effect （refrigerator not working）This kind of reasoning is called, for short, effect to effectIt is quite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relationsWhen the lights go out we might reason in the following causal chain: lights outpower offrefrigerator not workingtemperature will risemilk will sourIn other words, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becoming the cause of the nextCauses are classified as necessary, sufficient, or contributoryA necessary cause is one which must be present for the effect to occur, as combu