云南省昆明市2018年中考英语总复习-第二部分-语法专题研究-专题八-动词及动词短语试题.doc

第二部分 语法专题研究专题八 动词及动词短语动词词义辨析一、词形转换1. (2017遂宁)Many _ came to the hometown of the great man during the vacation. (visit)2. (2017盐城)At the _ of the concert, Tan Dun played a piece of music with water. (begin)3. (2017烟台)The artist doesnt paint for money but for his own _. (please)4. (2017玉溪市红塔区模拟)A good friend is a good _. Lets make more good friends. (listen)5. (2017曲靖一模)Kang Jian realized that Americans could hardly avoid _ products made in China. (buy)6. (2018原创)In my opinion, doing some homework is necessary and_. (help)7. (2018原创)Smoking is _ to teenagers. We should keep away from it.(harm)8. (2018原创)Email, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in our daily _. (communicate)9. (2018原创)It is said that the boy took a parttime job as a_. (wait)10. (2018原创)It took the_ a month to get to the foot of the mountain.(climb)11. (2018原创)You should check your answers carefully before_ in your test paper. (hand)12. (2018原创)As a great_， Thomas Edison made a difference to our life. (invent)13. (2018原创)I am not satisfied with the service here. I want to speak to the _. (manage)14. (2018原创)The teacher asked me to write an_ to my paper. But I didnt know how to start. (introduce)15. (2018原创)The old film always can _ us many memories. (bring)16. (2018原创)I really enjoy_ when I am in a party. (dance)17. (2018预测)The flowers need_. Lets water them. (water)18. (2018预测)Linda was so careless that she cut her finger by a piece of_ glass. (break)19. (2018预测)Emily is very_ about her winning the first prize in the English speech. (excite)20. (2018预测)It is_ that he finished the difficult task by himself. (believe)二、单项填空1. (2017重庆A卷)There are so many fish swimming in the pool. They _ very happy. A. taste B. smell C. sound D. look2. (2017天津)When you break the rules, you should _ to your teacher. A. apologize B. introduceC. expect D. compare3. (2017 安徽)It is necessary for schools to _ the need of all the students development. A. cut B. hide C. refuse D. satisfy4. (2017连云港)The newlyopened company _ the local people with more chances to work. A. gives B. provides C. offers D. shows5. (2017淮安)How long can a person _ a shared bike(共享单车) for free in Nanjing?For an hour. A. keep B. get C. borrow D. lend6. (2017襄阳改编)Great! Our womens volleyball team _ the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games on Saturday!Yes. We see the great spirit of Chinese womens volleyball team once again!A. won B. beat C. lost D. missed7. (2017扬州)What are you reading?A book about a baseball player. This guy was well _ for his devotion to charity work. A. enjoyed B. respected C. behaved D. expected8. (2017滨州改编)As a teacher, I really feel worried to see so many students _ glasses.A. wearing B. dressingC. putting on D. being in9. (2017青岛)These oranges look nice, but _ very sour. A. feel B. taste C. sound D. look10. (2017本溪)How do you like the song Chengdu?Oh, I cant stop singing it. Its melody(旋律)_ in my mind all the time.A. replies B. relaxes C. remains D. realizes11. (2017抚顺)Miss Yang usually sets out early in order to _ the morning rush hour(交通高峰)A. choose B. cause C. avoid D. accept12. (2017大连)Shopping bags shouldnt be thrown away. We should _ them.A. buy B. borrow C. reuse D. repair13. (2017昆明五华区一模)We can _ a words meaning by reading the sentences before and after it. A. guess B. admire C. repeat D. review14. (2018原创)Did you _ WeChats online red packet activity during the Spring Festival?Of course. A. join B. share C. play D. have15. (2018原创)This kind of silk_ soft and smooth. I would like to make a dress with it. A. smells B. sounds C. feels D. tastes16. (2018原创)Since the roads are very terrible, the journey _ me a long time. A. cost B. took C. paid D. spent17. (2018原创)Trust is the easiest thing in the world to_， so never try lying to the people who trust us. A. lose B. share C. expect D. afford18. (2018原创)Look at this beautiful picture. Under the blue sky, the white snow _ the green mountains. A. hides B. covers C. reaches D. crosses19. (2018原创)Tom, lets hang out after school. Sorry. I have _ Frank to work on the biology report with him. A. advised B. expected C. promised D. allowed20. (2018原创)Susan _ to wear clothes made of cotton. She thinks they are comfortable. A. dares B. prefers C. hates D. scares21. (2018原创)I cant find my keys! How can we enter the house?Maybe you _ them in the car. A. caught B. forgot C. took D. left22. (2018原创)If everyone _ his love to others, the world will be more beautiful. A. values B. loses C. gives D. ignores23. (2018原创)The famous singer _ money for the homeless people last week. A. kept B. borrowed C. raised D. saved24. (2018原创)What kind of music do you like?Well, I like soft music. It _ nice. A. tastes B. looks C. feels D. sounds25. (2018原创)Teachers should _ their students to practice speaking English as more as possible so that they can improve their oral English. A. encourage B. introduceC. make D. keep26. (2018原创)Well go to plant trees next week. Great! Planting trees is of great fun. Id like to _ you. A. follow B. visit C. invite D. meet27. (2018原创)Knowing how to_ a map can help you when you are traveling in a strange place. A. read B. watch C. look D. see28. (2018原创)I would like to take this chance to _ my thanks to you, Miss Liu. Thanks for your help. A. invent B. express C. describe D. explain29. (2018原创)Sometimes life isnt as perfect as we_. We must accept the disappointment in life, but we should never lose heart. A. imagine B. finish C. mind D. know30. (2018原创)Lucy, put your medicine in a higher place, and in this way your younger sister cant _ it. A. reach B. receive C. refuse D. arrive31. (2018预测)Congratulations! You are _ to be a volunteer to the Childrens Home. Thank you. Ill try my best to help the disabled children. A. chosen B. refused C. made D. wished32. (2018预测)I usually _ about two hours reading books every day, because reading enriches my mind. A. cost B. pay C. take D. spend 33. (2018预测)Would you please help me repair the computer now?Sorry. Im too busy and I dont even have a minute to_. A. spare B. thinkC. understand D. know34. (2018预测)When I read the book Robinson Crusoe, I knew that Robinson_ his happiness and sorrow with his friend Friday.A. brought B. kept C. shared D. took35. (2018预测)Her father tried to _ that nothing unusual had happened.In fact, it was not serious.A. imagine B. pretend C. mean D. warn 36. (2018预测)To invent the machine, he has spent more than ten years and he wont allow himself to _A. fail B. succeed C. get D. win动词短语1. (2017重庆A卷)No one can be right all the time. When people make mistakes, we shouldnt_them. A. wait for B. send forC. knock at D. laugh at2. (2017河南)Dont know where your kids are in the house? Turn off the Internet and theyll_ quickly. A. get up B. stand upC. show up D. hurry up3. (2017泰安)Oh, my God! I have_five pounds. Dont worry. Its normal for a growing teenage girl. A. put up B. put offC. put on D. put down4. (2017荆州)Whats the news about?People near the lake didnt allow them to _ a factory so as not to pollute the water. A. look up B. put upC. take up D. set up5. (2017襄阳)In a soccer game, its important for players to play together and _ the best in each other. A. hand out B. leave outC. bring out D. take out6. (2017昆明五华区一模)I am afraid we just _ paper. Thats too bad. Let me get some more now. A. warmed up B. brought upC. ate up D. used up7. (2017盘龙区一模)Why does she look so tired today?It is because she_ late last night to prepare for the test. A. set up B. stayed upC. got up D. put up8. (2017昆明官渡区一模)Lets listen to the weather report. OK. Could you _ the TV a little? I cant hear clearly. A. turn on B. turn offC. turn up D. turn down9. (2017大理统考)Its necessary for the phubbers(低头族) to _ the time they spend on their smart phones. A. cut off B. cut inC. cut down D. cut up10. (2017曲靖一模)Mom, what should I do next?Please help me _ all the clothes on the bed. A. come out B. try outC. work out D. lay out11. (2017陆良模拟)A true friend will never_ from you when youre in trouble. A. take away B. run awayC. put away D. give away 12. (2018原创)The whole family _ the missing dog for several days，but they couldnt find it anywhere. A. waited for B. looked for C. cared for D. left for13. (2018原创)Tell me the time when you will _ the airport. I will tell my brother to pick you up then. A. point at B. knock atC. shout at D. arrive at14. (2018原创)I often _ the lessons with my good friends. It is good for us to exchange some ideas with each other. A. go over B. think overC. turn over D. get over15. (2018原创)There was a fire in the hotel last Friday. Luckily, it was soon _. A. turned on B. turned offC. put on D. put out16. (2018原创)To keep safe, please _ the machine when anything goes wrong with it. A. turn up B. turn on C. turn out D. turn off17. (2018原创)I prefer to make friends and I choose my friends according to their characters and how we_. A. get in B. get up C. get on D. get off18. (2018原创)Some students often_their homework until the last minute. A. cut off B. keep offC. put off D. turn off19. (2018原创)Why not _ some of our old clothes to the poor children? They are in great need of them. Sounds great.A. give away B. give upC. give in D. give off20. (2018原创)Life is a journey with difficulties, but with care and wisdom you can_ any problem you face. A. work out B. hand out C. find out D. put out21. (2018原创)Tom, I like JK.Rowling very much. Do you know when her new novel will _？Maybe next year. A. come back B. come fromC. come on D. come out22. (2018预测)He _ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag. A. picked up B. looked upC. threw away D. handed in23. (2018预测)The plane to Chengdu _ just now. You have to wait until tomorrow.A. took off B. took afterC. took out D. took away答案专题八 动词及动词短语动词词义辨析一、1. visitors【解析】句意：许多游客在假期来到伟人的故居参观。根据句意可知此处指游客，由Many可知用复数。故填visitors。2. beginning【解析】句意：在演唱会的开始，谭盾用水演奏了一首音乐。at the beginning of.在的开始，为固定短语，故begin变为名词形式beginning。3. pleasure【解析】句意：这位画家画画不是为了钱，而是为了他自己的快乐。分析句子结构可知，空格处填名词。根据提示词可知填pleasure。4. listener【解析】句意：一个好朋友就是一个好的倾听者。让我们结交更多的好朋友吧。分析语境可知横线处需要用一个指人的名词作表语，根据所设空前不定冠词a，可知此处名词用单数，故填listener。5. buying【解析】句意：康健意识到美国人几乎不能避免买中国制造的产品。avoid doing sth.避免做某事。故填buying。6. helpful【解析】句意：在我看来，做一些适当的功课是必要且有益的。and连接并列成分，所以此处需填形容词，且由句意可知是有用的。故填helpful。7. harmful【解析】句意：吸烟对我们青少年有害。is后需接表语，由提示词可知应为harmful。be harmful to.对有害。故填harmful。8. communication【解析】句意：电子邮件和电话一样，在我们的日常交流中发挥着重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，形容词daily应修饰名词，故填communication。9. waiter【解析】句意：据说那个男孩兼职做服务生。根据空前a可知此处缺少名词，且为单数形式，再由句意可知是当服务生。故填waiter。10. climber【解析】句意：登山者跋涉到山脚下花了1个月时间。分析句子结构可知空处缺少名词作宾语，再由this可知用单数形式。故填climber。11. handing【解析】句意：你应该在交试卷之前仔细检查一下你的答案。分析句子结构可知此处需填动词，且位于介词before之后，故填handing。12. inventor【解析】句意：作为一位伟大的发明家，托马斯爱迪生对我们的生活有很大影响。根据空前形容词great可知此处缺少名词，且由常识可知爱迪生是发明家。故填inventor。13. manager【解析】句意：我对这里的服务不满意。我想要跟经理谈谈。由句子结构可知，此处需填名词。根据语境可知是指要找经理。故填manager。14. introduction【解析】句意：老师让我为我的论文写一个介绍。但我不知道如何开始。由句子结构可知，此处需填名词作宾语。故填introduction。15. bring【解析】句意：老电影总是能带给我们很多回忆。情态动词can后跟动词原形，故填bring。16. dancing【解析】句意：当我参加聚会时，我真的很喜欢跳舞。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。故填dancing。17. watering【解析】句意：这些花需要浇水，让我们给它们浇点水吧。need doing sth.需要做某事(表被动)。故填watering。18. broken【解析】句意：琳达是如此不小心以至于她被一片碎玻璃划破了手指。根据空后名词glass可知此处缺少形容词，且由句意可知是破碎的。故填broken。19. excited【解析】句意：在英语演讲中赢得第一名，埃米莉激动不已。结合句意和主语Emily可知此处需用修饰人的形容词excited。故填excited。20. unbelievable【解析】句意：他独自完成了那项艰难的任务，真是难以置信。分析句子结构可知is后缺少形容词作表语，且由句意可知他独自完成那项艰难的任务是令人难以置信的。故填unbelievable。二、1. D【解析】考查感官动词词义辨析。句意：池子里有许多鱼在游，他们_非常开心。taste尝起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来；look看起来。分析句意及联系语境可知，鱼自由自在地在池子里游，看起来非常开心，故选D。2. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你违反规定的时候，你应该向你的老师_。apologize道歉；introduce介绍；expect期待；compare比较。根据句意和常识可知，违反校规了，就应该向老师道歉，故选A。3. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于学校来说，_所有学生发展的需求是很有必要的。cut切断；hide隐藏；refuse拒绝；satisfy满足。由句意推知，这里指的是“满足所有学生的发展需求”。故选D。4. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家新开的公司为当地的人们_更多的工作机会。gives给予，常用于give sb. sth.或give sth. to sb.结构；provides提供，常用于provide sb. with sth.或provide sth. for sb.结构；offers提供，供给，常用于offer sb. sth.或offer to do sth.结构；shows展示，常用于show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.结构。根据句意及空后的with可知此处应用provides。故选B。5. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“一个人在南京可以免费_共享单车多久？”“一个小时。”keep保有；get得到；borrow借入；lend借出。根据For可知应填延续性动词。故选A。6. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“太棒了！我们女排在周六的里约奥运会上_金牌！”“是的。我们再一次看到了伟大的中国女排精神！”won表示赢得比赛、名次、奖牌； beat后跟竞争对手，打败某人或某队； lost表示输了比赛，或输给某人； missed表错过或想念。根据空格后的“the gold medal”可知选A。7. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“你在读什么？”“有关一位棒球运动员的书。这个人因为致力于慈善事业而很受_。”enjoyed喜欢；respected尊敬；behaved实现；expected期望。分析语境可知此处表示这个运动员因为致力于慈善事业而受到尊敬。故选B。8. A【解析】考查近义动词辨析。句意为：作为教师，看到这么多戴眼镜的学生，我确实感到担忧。wearing穿戴，表状态；dressing穿，表动作；putting on穿，表动作；being in后加颜色，表示穿什么颜色的衣服。wearing glasses戴眼镜，为固定搭配。故选A。9. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些橘子看起来很好，但是_很酸。feel 感觉；taste 尝起来；sound 听起来；look 看起来。由sour一词可以得知taste符合语意，故选B。10. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：“你认为歌曲成都怎么样？”“哦，我情不自禁想唱这首歌。它的旋律一直_我的脑海里。”根据句意可知此处是指这首歌的旋律一直留在脑海里。故选C。11. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：为了_早上的交通高峰，杨老师通常很早就出发了。根据句意可知此处是指为了避免交通高峰。故选C。12. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：购物袋不应该被扔掉。我们应该_它们。前一句说不要扔购物袋，结合常识可知此处表示要重复使用它们。故选C。13. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过阅读单词的前后句子我们可以_一个单词的意思。guess猜测；admire仰慕，钦佩；repeat重复；review复习。根据句意可知此处是指猜测的一个单词的意思，故选A。14. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“春节期间你参加过微信红包活动吗？”“当然。”join参加；share分享；play玩耍；have有。根据句意可知参加红包活动。故选A。15. C【解析】考查感官动词词义辨析。句意：这种丝绸_又软又滑，我想用它做件裙子。smells闻起来；sounds听起来；feels感觉；tastes尝起来。根据句意可知是摸起来，故选C。16. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为路况非常糟糕，这次旅行花费我很长一段时间。cost 的主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语 it)，不能是人； pay 的主语只能是人；spend 的主语也只能是人；take 的主语可以是事或物(包括形式主语 it)，也可以是人。cost 的宾语补足语通常是钱；pay的宾语补足语只能是钱；take 的宾语通常是时间；而 spend 的宾语则可以是时间、钱或精力。故选B。17. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是这个世界上最容易_的东西。因此，永远不要尝试着对信任我们的人撒谎。lose丢失，输掉；share分享；expect期望；afford支付得起。根据语境并结合常识可知此处表示最容易失去。故选A。18. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看这幅美丽的画。在蓝蓝的天空下，白色的雪_青山。hides隐藏；covers覆盖；reaches到达；crosses穿过。由句意可知，应该是白色的雪覆盖着青山，故选B。19. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“汤姆，我们放学后一起去逛吧。”“抱歉，我已经_弗兰克和他一起写生物报告。”advised建议；expected期待；promised承诺；allowed允许。由句意可知应是承诺了弗兰克。故选C。20. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏珊_穿棉质衣服。她认为它们穿着很舒服。dares敢；prefers更喜欢；hates讨厌；scares害怕。因为棉质衣服舒服，因此苏珊更喜欢穿它们。故选B。21. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“我找不到我的钥匙了！我们怎么进家门呢？”“你可能把它们_车上了。”caught抓住；forgot忘记；took拿，取；left丢下，落下。根据语境可知应是将钥匙落在车上了，故选D。22. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人把他的爱_别人，世界将变得更美好。values珍惜；loses丢失；gives给予；ignores忽视。根据语境可知用gives，即“如果每个人把他的爱献给别人，世界将变得更美好。”，故选C。23. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，这位著名的歌手为无家可归的人_钱。kept保存；borrowed借；raised筹集；saved节省。根据常识，歌手通常以举办音乐会等形式为无家可归的人筹款，故选C。24. D【解析】考查感官动词词义辨析。句意“你喜欢哪种音乐？”“我喜欢轻音乐，它_很美妙。”tastes尝起来；looks看起来；feels感觉起来；sounds听起来。分析句意，歌曲应该是听起来很美妙，故选D。25. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师们应该_他们的学生尽可能多地练习说英语，以便可以提高他们的英语口语(水平)。encourage鼓励；introduce介绍；make使；keep保持。根据句意可知应是老师鼓励学生说英语，故选A。26. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“下周我们将要去植树。”“太棒了！植树很有趣。我想_你们。”follow跟随；visit参观，拜访；invite邀请；meet遇见。根据语境可知应是想要跟随一同前往去植树，故选A。27. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在一个陌生的地方旅行时，知道如何_地图可以帮助你。read 阅读，看(书、报纸、杂志等)；watch 观看(比赛、电影、电视等)；look 看(强调动作)；see 看见(强调结果)。看地图应该用“read a map”来表示，故选A。28. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想利用这个机会向您_我的感谢，刘老师。谢谢您的帮助。invent发明；express表达；describe描述；explain解释，说明。根据句意可知应是表达感谢，故选B。29. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候生活不是和我们_中的一样完美。我们必须接受我们生活中的失望，但是我们永远都不应该丧失信心。imagine 想象；finish 完成；mind 介意；know 知道，懂得。分析句意可知此处是指生活并不像“我们”想像得完美。imagine符合题意。故选A。30. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：露西，把你的药放在一个更高的地方，这样你的妹妹就不能_它。reach 到达，够得着；receive 收到；refuse 拒绝；arrive 到达，不及物动词。由语境可知，把药放在更高的地方后，妹妹就够不着了，故选A。31. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“祝贺你！你被_为儿童之家的一名志愿者。”“谢谢你。我将会尽我最大的努力帮助残疾儿童。”chosen 选择；refused拒绝；made 制造，使得；wished 希望。由答语“Thank you. Ill try my best to help the disabled children.”可知是被选中去当志愿者，故选A。32. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天通常_大约两个小时读书，因为阅读充实我的思想。四个选项都有“花费”的意思，当表示“某人花费多少时间做某事”时，用句型“sb.spend时间/金钱doingsth.”，故选D。33. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“请问你现在能帮助我修理电脑吗？”“对不起，我太忙了，甚至没有一分钟_。”spare分出，空出；think认为；understand理解；know知道。根据语境可知A项符合语境。故选A。34. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：当我读了鲁滨逊漂流记这本书，我知道了鲁滨逊总是和他的朋友星期五_他的快乐和悲伤。由后面的介词with以及句意和所给选项可知，应该用“share.with sb. 和某人分享”。故选C。35. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为“她爸爸尽力_没有什么不同寻常的事发生。”“事实上，它不严重。”根据语境及答语中的“In fact”可知此处指的是“假装，装作”，故选B。36. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：为了研发这台机器，他已经花费了十多年时间了，他不会允许自己_。根据句意及所给选项可知，花费了十多年的时间，他不允许自己失败。故选A。动词短语1. D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有人总是正确的，当人们犯错误的时候，我们不应该_他们。wait for等待；send for召唤，派人去请；knock at敲；laugh at嘲笑。分析句意及语境可知，人无完人，不应该嘲笑犯错误的人，故选D。2. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不知道你的小孩在房间哪个角落？关掉网络，他们就_