基本表达(Basic Elements of English Writing).doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除1、方便：convenient/convenience2、效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency3、节省：save time/money/space; economical, thrift ； 浪费 waste time/money/space; costly, lavish4：人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverance;selfish, isolated, conservative5、人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic6、娱乐：colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax，tired, boring, lonely7、环境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty8、安全和危险：safe, danger, risk9：经验：experience, social experience, enter the society10、人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely基本表达(Basic Elements of English Writing)：越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that许多问题：a host of/a number of problems引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.意识到：there is a growing awareness/realization of/that, awaken sb. to the fact/danger适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society获得成功：achieve/accomplish success提出观点/建议：advance / put forward / come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions作出努力：make tremendous/persistent/sustained effort to do sth., take great pains to do(with work/study)影响学习/工作：interfere with studies/work产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on life/personality, have a dramatic/undesirable effect on较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of ones life剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity取代就的方式：substitute for/take the place of the old way采取措施：take effective steps/measures to控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment躲避危险/挑战：shy/run away from the dangers/challenge满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of补偿损失：compensate for/make up for the loss/damage解释某现象：account for/explain the phenomenon对很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of, have a new perspective on. provide/gain an insight into把某因素考虑进去：take sth. Into account(consideration), give much thought to品位人生/自由/青春：savor the life/freedom/youth培养对的信心：develop/foster ones interest/confidence in经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience表现出自信心等：project ones confidence/feeling/image生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice追求学习/职业：pursue ones academic interest/professional career学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill被看作学习的榜样：be held up as a good example交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge发挥/起到重要作用：play an (important/active/great) role/part逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture知识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience确立/追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/objective克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success, be an obstacle/barrier to success/growth阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom发表看法：voice/express ones opinion持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of求得帮助：enlist ones support/help缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fill the gap/gulf (between city and country)把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to对重要：be indispensable/important/vital to施加压力：put/exert a academic pressure on重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate ones attention/efforts/thoughts upon提供机会/信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.抓住机会：grab/seize/take the opportunity得到机会：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/information有可能：there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that, chances/the odds are that展开竞争：compete against/with sb. for the prize/position/control/the mastery of开展运动：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage) a (vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/advertising) campaign (for/against)对我很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to me带来无穷的幸福/满足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment/pride/complaint献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career大不（没什么）两样：make much(little/no) difference真正重要的是：what really matters/accounts is 改变生活旅程：change/alter the course of life建立在大量的学习/实践上：built on tremendous amount of study/practice进行调查/执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment辞去工作/学习：leave/quit ones job/work/school参加考试/竞赛等：enter (for) the examination/contest, race参加活动/讨论：take part/participate/be engaged in sports/activities/discussion影响思想/态度/事件的形成：shape ones thinking/attitude进入大学/社会/家庭/劳力市场/职业：enter a school/college/society/the work force/professionals实现自己的理想/愿望：realize/fulfill/achieve ones dream(hops/wish/desire)减轻压力/紧张：reduce/alleviate/relieve the stress/pressure/tension提高社会地位：enhance/improve/upgrade social status/position/standing rise to the position of leadership提高技术/能力：sharpen (increase/improve/enhance/boost) ones skill/ability加快/促进发展：accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of随着生活节奏的加快：with the quickening pace/rhythm/tempo of modern life/society开阔眼界/兴趣：broaden ones interest/outlook, expand(broaden/enlarge) ones mental horizons有助于了解/发展/宣传/解决：contribute much/little/greatly/to a better understanding of/the popularity of/the growth of/the solution of有助于解决问题：go a long way to(towards) solving the problem迷恋名利/分数：be obsessed/preoccupied with grades/fame/fortune把时间花/浪费在：spend/waste time doing sth., put in hours doing sth.利用机会/技术：make (full/better) use of/take advantage of opportunity/time, tap/harness technology potential/skills/talent把知识/经验运用到：apply/put the theory/knowledge/experience to practice/daily life/good use取得进步：make much progress/strides/gains in充分发挥潜力/能力：develop ones ability/potential to the full, give full play to ones ability充满激情/渴望：have a burning desire/a great passion for认为，主张 argue, maintain, hold, believe考虑take sth. into consideration, consider, ponder, meditate, contemplate, think over, reflect on/ upon,meditate on the matter(思考这问题), ponder over下结论断定come into conclusion, arrive at the conclusion, draw the conclusion, conclude, decide, assert 宣称, wind up卷起，使振奋获得acquire, obtain, attain, reap赢得，取得earn, gain, procure支持， 赞成approve of, in favor of, uphold, stand by ones side, agree with, give ones assent提倡advocate, recommend反对opposite, object to抵制resist意义深远的，重大的far-reaching, profound, significant, eventful (变故多的，重要的)重要的，有决定性的vital, crucial, critical, decisive充分运用optimize, make best use of, make full use of,使用employ, utilize (vt) 应用apply后来，然后afterwards, later on, later, after all高兴的，心情好的be in a good mood, happy, cheerful, joyful,Joyous, pleased, delighted当前，目前nowadays, at present, currently, presently表达voice, convey, express, deliver, communicate描绘，描述，描写depict, describe, picture勤奋的，勤勉的diligent, studious (慎重的), industrious, assiduous认真的，谨慎的conscientious, cautious冷静的，清醒的sober, reasonable, sensible, rational聪明的，有才智的intelligent，bright，wise，brilliant疲惫不堪的exhausted，fatigued，rundown，worn out，weary适应be adapted to，be accustomed to，be adjusted to阻碍，阻止hinder（后面的），curb（路边），hamper，restrain，prevent，ward off，avoid好处，优点advantage，merit，benefit坏处，缺点disadvantage，defect，flaw，drawback，deficiency参加participate in, attend，take part in，go in for，engage in集中精力于focus on，center on，concentrate on专心于set ones mind on抽出时间做set aside, put aside, spare依赖，依靠rely on, lean on沮丧的，失意的frustrated, discouraged, depressed, down-hearted, dishearted, low-spirited努力做，尽力做attempt to, make efforts to, endeavor(尽力) to, manage to do进步，成就，成绩advancement, achievement, accomplishment, feat, fulfillment, progress (v)志气，抱负，渴望aspiration, ambition, yearning, thirst；Long for/ aspire after/ aspire to sth./ aspire to do sth.禁止ban, disallow (不接受)，prohibit, forbid；Ban sth./ ban sb. from doing除之外apart from, in addition to, along with开展，实施，做practice, carry on, conduct, perform, implement，Bring into effect, put in practice强调，突出lay/ place emphasis on, attach emphasis to, stress on, highlight, underline(划线，强调)优秀的outstanding, perfect, brilliant, remarkable, distinguished, excellent, splendid, first-rank, first-class实现，完成achieve, accomplish, fulfill, complete把看作，当做regard as , consider as, look on.as, treat as, view as珍爱，珍惜，重视cherish, treasure, value, attach importance to全面的，彻底的sheer, utter, thorough注定be doomed to, be destined to解释account for , illustrate, clarify起作用play a role, perform, function, serve, play a part证实，证明testify, confirm, verify, turn out；The teacher testified to the pupils ability.；We thoroughly enjoyed ourselves.Verifiable, verification遇到，碰到come across, meet with, encounter, confront粗俗的，不雅的vulgar, unrefined, obscene, improper, foul, crude, coarse, rough教育性的，启发性的instructive, educational, enlightening难以置信的，惊人的fantastic, incredible, unusual, unbelievable, exceptional, extraordinary, marvelous, notable, noteworthy, striking, amazing, appalling(令人震惊的，骇人听闻的)，shocking, astonishing迷人的，吸引人的enchanting ,charming, appealing, alluring, fascinating, attractive, fetching(动人的)，absorbing(有趣的), surprising, pretty, beautiful扩展，扩大expand, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge ，spread请教，咨询consult, return to , resort to(诉诸于)等不及，渴望cant wait to , be eager to/for , long for, yearn for/to/after, hunger for/after, look forward to；Expand on sth.(详述)Extend vi+that 伸展，延伸vt伸出，提供，给予，使延期；I need to extend my visa.忧虑的，不安的anxious, uneasy, troubled, concerned, restless有机会stand a chance of , have an opportunity to, have a chance to有偏见的，偏心的biased, prejudiced, partial, discriminative为了for the sake of, in order to ,so as to, on the purpose of事实上in reality, in effect , as a matter of fact, practically, virtually, actually低等的，次要的inferior, junior, minor, secondary, lesser, insignificant明智的，合理的advisable, sensible, rational, sane, logical, reasonable提高improve, increase, enhance, raise, elevate, grow给予，捐赠，赠予impart(传授), denote, contribute ,give使信服convince, persuade, assure, confirm有敌意的，反对的hostile, adverse, aggressive方法，手段method, approach, means, measure, mode减少，削弱reduce, decrease, diminish, lessen, lower全部的，全面的entire, overall, comprehensive唯一的，仅有的sole, single, unique教授tutor, coach, educate显示point to , indicate, demonstrate, reflect, manifest缩短，减少shorten, cut down滋生，产生breed, cultivate, develop, produce节约的，节俭的 economical, thrifty, frugal, prudent(谨慎的), saving, sparing(节俭的，保守的)建立construct, build, set up, put up, found, establish迟早，最终eventually, sooner or later, at length, ultimately, finally遭受，遭遇be subjected to, sustain, encounter, suffer在我看来，就我而言in my view, in my belief, as far as I can see, in my mind, as far as I am concerned, in my opinion想出，想到come up with, cross ones mind, occur to sb, put forward, point out与相联系be connected with, be linked to ,be relevant to, have sth to do with需要call for, require, demand, need真诚的，诚实的，正值的sincere, truthful, genuine, upright轻视，藐视despise, contempt(n), belittle (vt), distain(v使变脏，伤害名誉)假的,伪造的fake, deceptive(欺骗性的), disguised(伪装)， cheating涌入flood into, overflow into, crowd into, swarm(v/n泳往，挤满) in合作cooperate, join forces, work side by side, make joint efforts建设性的，有益的constructive, helpful, valuable, useful遵守abide by(vi坚持，遵守vt容忍) , observe, conform目的，目标purpose ,objective, aim易于，倾向于be prone to ,be liable to, tend to, incline to, be likely to重复的repetitively ,repeatedly., Over and over, time and again, again and again失业的unemployed, laid-off, jobless, workless熟悉，知道be acquainted with, be familiar with, be informed of解决，处理resolve, settle, deal with , cope with, manage, work on必要的，不可缺少的indispensable, essential, necessary影响affect, impact, have effect on意识到be aware of , be conscious of ,realize, recognize消费consume, expend专心于set ones mind on sth, concentrate on, be absorbed in, be engrossed in, be lost in, be occupied in, be attentive on, pay attention to决心做be determined to do, make up ones mind to do, decide to do足够的，充足的sufficient, adequate, ample吸收，消化assimilate, digest, grasp, absorb, comprehend永久的，长期不变的permanently, enduringly, lastingly, constantly过时的go out of style, go out of fashion抛弃，放弃desert, abandon, quit吸引allure(v), captivate, fascinate ,tempt因为due to, owing to, thanks to, result from, because of巨大的tremendous, immense, huge ,gigantic, giant, enormous不计其数的countless, endless, unlimited, innumerable, immeasurable, incalculable, numberless, numerous具体的，明确的concrete, specific, particular, definite, special逐步的，逐渐的step by step, little by little, bit by bit, gradually令人厌倦的boring, dull, monotonous, annoying, irritating熟人acquaintance 伙伴associate, companion密友，知己intimate, confidant坚持不懈地perseverant, persistent, relentless(无情的)不屈服的unyielding坚持的insistent有决心的determined, resolute, resolve 坚决的firm教育性的，启发性的instructive, educational, enlightening有意义的meaningful, significative有价值的valuable占有，持有，拥有occupy, hold, own, possess珍贵的，昂贵的precious, valuable, valued, prized, cherished, treasured, dear, costly, high-priced上升increase, ascend to(追溯到), go up, rise, mount, on the rise, roar(滚动，咆哮)提前ahead of time, ahead of schedule, beforehand, in advance, prior to冷淡的，漠不关心的indifferent, unconcerned, uninterested, chilly(寒冷的)恢复restore, recover, regain(v恢复，重新获得), resume迷人的，吸引人的enchanting, charming, appealing, alluring, fascinating, attractive强烈的，激烈的keen, intense, fierce, violent, strong (heavy)繁荣的，兴旺的prosperous, flourishing, thriving, booming富裕的affluent, wealthy, well-off壮丽的，引人注目的splendid, grand, magnificent, superb, striking, impressive, grand, marvelous, wonderful位于be located, be situated, stand, sit, lie能力capability, competence, capacity, faculty, talent各种各样的a variety of, various, diverse, all kinds of, all sorts of显示，反映demonstrate, reflect, manifest, indicate, point to, reveal胜过,比优越have the edge on突然的，出其不意的abruptly, unexpectedly, suddenly胜过，超过outweigh, exceed, surpass空前的，无前例的unprecedented 罕见的exceptional, unusual, uncommon, rare承受，经历undergo, endure, live with ,go through, experience(整体)由组成be made up of, consist of, be comprised of, be composed of构成(整体)constitute确信的unquestionably, indisputably, undeniably, out of question, going without saying, unsurprisingly, undoubtedly. It is no wonder thatdefinitely娱乐，乐趣entertainment, amusement抽象的，深奥的abstract复杂的complicated, complex费解的mysterious, incomprehensible, obscure, unintelligible混杂的，不清楚地，迷惑的confused, bewildered, perplexed目击witness, observe, view遵守abide by , observe, conform违反，侵犯violate, disobey, infringe(vt),(break)责备，斥责blame, accuse, denounce,( scold)真诚的，衷心的hearty, sincere, frank,(honest)寒冷的chilly, wintry, frigid使不安，扰乱upset, agitate(v搅动,煽动), bother, disturb, trouble,(worry)英语常用高频短语及搭配1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。 must strictly abide by rules必须严格遵守规则2. be absent from. 缺席，不在； The absent party is always to blame. 不在场的一方总遭责备。3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉；appears/seem absent 显现/似乎 心不在焉4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被动语态) be absorbed in 全神贯注于 近义：be engrossed ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on; be focused on ; be centered on5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有；There is an abundant supply of（cheap labour）. 6. access(to)(不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解；have/ gain access to sth.；give /offers easy access 获得或提供方便进入7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地,8. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地9. accords with 与一致 . out of ones accord with 同.不一致；with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地10.in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依据，适应，与.一致；If all goes according to plan, 如果一切都按计划进行12. on ones own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2)(=at ones own risk) 自行负责3)(=by oneself)依靠自己on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of account 有重要性.13. takeinto account(=consider)把.考虑进去； on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由)；account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.15. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装)18. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉21. act on 奉行,按照行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于23. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的28. adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地.30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件;33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致36. ahead of 在之前, 超过; ahead of time 提前.37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all只此一次; above all最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责.44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.45. be anxious about 为焦急不安; 或be anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth.