2020年高考英语模拟卷含答案解析（12）

2020年高考英语模拟卷（12）第一部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。AWhile smart phones stand accused of a variety of crimes, these pocket computers can certainly be a force for good. Your phone is always with you, making it the perfect device to push you into a more beneficial way of living. Here are some of the best apps that can help.HabiticaHabitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring. Its a lot of fun, and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular repeating habits, you can add a more general todo list, and the rewards customized to you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.Smoke FreeIf youve got a specific habit in mind youll usually find specific apps to help, like Smoke Free. If youre determined to give up smoking, this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features to people wanting to go smokefree: the ability to see your progress over time, charts showing how your health is improving, daybyday encouragement, and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.My Fitness PalYou can find tons of health and fitness apps for your phone, but My Fitness Pal stands out not just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host of data, from the calories(卡路里) youre taking in to the number of swims youre doing per week, and offer reports on calorie consumption and macro-nutrient(大量营养素) breakdown.1What can Habitica help you to do?AWin a tough game.BStart a lasting friendship.CFind a fancy restaurant.DDevelop a pleasant habit.2Which of the following can Smoke Free provide?AThe freedom to smoke.BThe ability to make progress.CAdvice on how to quit smoking.DCharts about your excellent health.3What can we learn about the three apps mentioned in the text?ATheyre cheap.BTheyre practical.CTheyre free.DTheyre interesting.BNine months ago, I was packing my daughters backpack with new school supplies, wondering how I was going to send her off to kindergarten. I stood on the playground, tears pouring down my face because I wasnt ready for this first day of kindergarten,but she was ready. Today I will be standing on the playground, once again with tears, because this precious time went by too quickly. This week I realized that I never told you thank you,I dont know how to express a mothers thanks in the way a teacher deserves.We first met you at the open house the week before school started and I immediately knew you would be the type of teacher we would appreciate forever. While the students lined up for the day, you touched each one on the shoulder as you greeted them. If a student was having a tough morning, you quietly held his hand and walked him into the school.I got to know you as I volunteered in the lunch room. You made sure your students were all ready for lunch before you went on your own lunch break. You kept track of their big things and small things, because as a veteran kindergarten teacher, you know that the small things are the big things. I loved the way you made each student feel special. You helped them fall in love with school, which is so important at the start.To all of the teachers in the world who are like you, I wish you knew how grateful parents are for you. We adore you, respect you, and appreciate you. We dont tell you enoughwe probably dont tell you ever. I wish we could take you with us to the next 12 grades.4Why did the authors tears come down on her daughters first day of kindergarten?AShe hadnt made full preparations for her daughter.BHer daughter wasnt willing to go to kindergarten.CShe felt worried about her daughters being away.DHer daughter wasnt familiar with the teachers.5The author noticed the teachers characteristics when _.Ashe stood on the playgroundBshe was at the open houseCshe said goodbye to the teacherDshe worked as a teacher at lunch time6What does the underlined word “veteran” in Paragraph 3 mean?ABeautiful.BGenerous.CSkillful. DHumorous.7What is this text mainly about?AGood wishes to a kindergarten teacher.BSincere thanks to a kindergarten teacher.CA sweet memory of kindergarten life.DA kids daily behavior in the kindergarten.CI started to work as an editor for a travel magazine. I didnt really mind the work, but I wanted something more challenging. My sister sent me some details for a position in a startup. The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests, so I jumped at it.However, soon after I joined the company, its model changed to focus on education, and everything about my position changed. I was asked to take on the completely different roles of selling contents to teachers and training people. I had no experience in sales, training or education. On top of that, Im an introvert(内向的人)I felt more a little outside my comfort zone.I knew I wanted to grow as an individual and make a serious impact on the company. I told myself that everything feels overwhelming at first and I should at least try. In a way, I felt like I didnt have a choice. I knew jumping out of the nest was the right thing for me, even though it felt pretty awful.I was fortunate to be surrounded by very helpful people, both at work and at home. My boss never asked if I thought I could do it; she asked if I was interested in trying.I spent hours researching my companys products. I asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers that there were soon more good experiences than difficult ones. I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort. The more I did, the better I felt.Over time, I discovered that the job was something I could do and liked doing. It was incredibly rewarding to see the company grow. I also learned its important to take risks and accept new opportunities, even when youre not sure if youll do well. I dont think theres anything worse than failing to try. Im so glad I tried, and it surely paid off.8Why did the author want to change her job?AShe intended to challenge something new.BShe was paid too little at her old job.CShe followed her sisters advice.DShe got bored of her old boss.9How did the author feel after she entered the new company?AExcited. BCurious.CStressed. DComfortable.10The author could finally handle her job mainly because_Apeople around her helped her solve the challengeBshe was hardworking and made a lot of effortCshe knew she would do wellDher boss trusted her to try11Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo tell readers that failure is the mother of success.BTo warn about the risks and challenges when changing jobs.CTo expose risks and challenges in a small and newly founded company.DTo encourage readers to take on challenges and turn risks into opportunities.DAs evolution tends to remove waste, how come we evolved such large, energyconsuming brains? The dominant hypothesis(假设) suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force. But our new study done in an unusual way shows that human brain expansion is likely driven by ecology(生态)Scientists have tested the ecological and social hypotheses before. The common approach is to look at many species and investigate whether large brains are associated with specific problems. For example, do primates or other animals with large brains have a diet that is challenging to find but nutritionally rewarding? This would indicate an ecological origin. Or do they live in large groups where they face lots of social problems?While many studies have found such associations, there is a problem. It cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the difficult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems.To find out the causes of brain expansion, we recreated the scenarios(情景) of the two hypotheses using a mathematical model. We found that a combination of ecological and social challenges does produce the brain size we see in humans. But it was ecological challenges that expanded brains. In contrast to the dominant view and our own expectation, we found that social challenges contributed by decreasing brain size. But you need both factors to get the brain size we see today,if there were no social challenges our brains would have been even larger but likely poorly suited to social life. Bigger isnt necessarily better.But many animals face hard ecological problems. Why dont they all have large brains? We found that ecological problems only lead to humansized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow. So our results and those of others suggest that hard ecology and the accumulation of cultural knowledge could act together to produce a humansized brain.Will the human brain expand further? The complexity of the systems involved makes it impossible to say much with certainty at present.12In most peoples view, what makes human evolve large brains?ASocial challenges.BSocial and ecological challenges.CEcological challenges.DCompetition with other large animals.13Whats the problem of the common approach?AIts model is not reliable enough.BIt doesnt tell the cause and effect clearly.CIts hypothesis cannot be proved effectively.DIt doesnt find brain size is connected with problems.14Why dont many animals have large brains?AThey dont learn from each other.BThey dont face hard ecological problems.CThey dont need to cooperate with each other.DThey dont keep learning tough skills as they grow.15Which of the following do the researchers find most surprising?AAnimals dont have large brains.BSocial challenges decrease brain size.CEcological challenges increase brain size.DIts unclear whether human brains will expand further.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever had times questioning yourself and feeling discouraged? If you answer yes, what youve experienced is negative selftalk. 16._. You say to yourself untrue things like, “Im not good enough. Im a disappointment.” These false beliefs stop us in our tracks. So, how do you stop the negative selftalk?17._Know youre special. You are “One of a Kind”！ There is no other person that thinks exactly like you. When you begin to sincerely believe how special you are, its easier to fight the negative selftalk.Change your associationsYour negative selftalk comes from your environment. You didnt just accidentally wake up one day thinking of bad things about yourself. It may be because someone, somewhere in your life has told you negative things about you and whether you accept it or not, you believe them. However, if you surround yourself with the right people, they will build you up, inspire you and make you feel better. 18._Change your dialogueRead and say all the wonderful things about yourself at least 5 times per day. Look at yourself in the mirror and say, “I am amazing！” 19._，and youll believe you are awesome pretty soon.Of course, there are other things to stop negative selftalk. 20._, but if you are determined to think positively in every situation, that will bring a positive change in your life.AThink the same wayBChange is not easyCChange your positionDIt begins in your brainEChange your state of mindFYoull seek out the right people to help change your thoughtsGYoull start to believe the great things they tell you little by little第二部分语言知识运用(共两节， 满分45分) 第一节(共20小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分30分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold. Yet, he went unnoticedhe had been _21_ every examination since first gradeuntil Miss Wilma appeared.In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was _22_for basic skills.“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the_23_， “except for one boy. And it _24_ my heart to tell you this, but.” she _25_， “the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve _26_ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.After that, Steve still wouldnt do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma _27_ punished him, he remained _28_.“Steve, please! I care about you！”_29_， Steve got it! “Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a _30_ on the weekend homework. Steve _31_ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of _32_， Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.Miss Wilmas face was in a _33_ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then _34_， then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand _35_， but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became _36_After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) _37_ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have _38_ themselves without him.A _39_ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who _40_ about him.21. A. missingBfailingC. passing Dskipping22A. tested BclassifiedC. separated Ddismissed23A. questions BeffectsC. lessons Dresults24A. fills BpressesC. breaks Ddestroys25A. shouted BhesitatedC. interrupted Dlaughed26A. dropped BraisedC. covered Dclosed27A. strangely BsteadilyC. severely Dsecretly28A. helpless BstubbornC. flexible Dcrazy29A. Commonly BUnwillinglyC. Particularly DSuddenly30A. quiz BchanceC. speech Dpresentation31A. slept BlookedC. lived Dhurried32A. disappointment BsurpriseC. satisfaction Dinspiration33A. bitter BtotalC. precious Dridiculous34A. down BawayCout Dback35A. homework BgradesC. knowledge Dsubjects36A. outstanding BlazyC. rough Dtroublesome37A. tiring BordinaryC. hardworking Dsuccessful38A. relied on Blooked afterC. turned to Dbelieved in39A. competition BchoiceC. change Dcampaign40A. waited BlistenedC. wished DCared第2节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In todays world of mobile payment, all we really need 41._(survive) is a smart phone. But one company is hoping to make traditional wallets cool again, by 42._(bring) them into the digital age.Armenian firm Voltermans smart wallet takes security to a new level. Its fitted with different technology, such as 43._ alarm, a GPS tracker, and even a camera. If your smart-phone and wallet become separate, the alarm will warn you 44._ you dont leave it behind. And if your wallet 45._(lose) or stolen, the GPS tracker can help you reach it.Even 46._(interest) is the frontfacing camera. “If someone dares to open your wallet 47._ permission, a little camera inside 48._(take) a picture and send it to your mobile phone. You will find it 49._(easy)by receiving a picture of the thief，” Azat Tovmasyan, Voltermans founder, told news site Banks.am.The hightech wallet will be released later this year and will come in three 50._(model), with the cheapest expected to cost $179.第三部分写作(共两节， 满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、 删除或修改。增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改： 在错的词下画一横线， 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处， 多者(从第11处起)不计分。It was raining hardly outside, which made it difficult for me to go home for lunch. Just as I was wondering what I should eat at noon, I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom. I rushed out and found it was my mother, already in fifties, which brought me lunch in spite of the heavy rain. In China, many parents make great sacrifices for our children. But what had the children done in return? All too often, most children just take it for granted that their parent should serve for them unconditionally. My dear mum or dad, thank you very much for bringing me up. How shall I do for you?第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是李华， 你的英国笔友Robert最近给你发了一封内容如下的电子邮件， 请你根据邮件内容和写作要点给他回复一封邮件。Dear Li Hua，I am really upset at present. I had many friends, but now none of them want to talk to me. At lunchtime, nobody likes to share a table with me. I feel really puzzled and lonely. And I cant understand why theyre trying to avoid me. Would you please give me some advice? Thank you!Robert要点：1.对他的处境表示理解；2给他提出合理的建议；3表示愿意继续为他提供帮助。注意： 1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。Dear Robert，_ Yours， Li Hua参考答案第一部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读理解A【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三款在日常生活中很实用的手机软件。1D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“Habitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring. Its a lot of fun, and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family.”可知，Habitica是一款培养用户好习惯的软件，该软件有自己的角色和得分，很有趣，还可以让你的朋友和家人受益。故D项正确。2C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的“the ability to see your progress over time, charts showing how you