译林版必修三Unit 3 Back to the past language points学案（3）.docx

unit 3 back to the past language points学案1 be+doing进行时表示将来we are in italy now,and tomorrow we are visiting pompeii.现在我们在意大利,明天我们即将参观庞贝古城。(教材原句 p42)考点释义后一分句中的谓语动词are visiting是用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。可以这样使用的动词还有arrive、come、go、leave等。i am going to anhui on business next week.我下周要去安徽出差。the plane at the airport is taking off.机场的飞机就要起飞了。发散思维可用来表示将要发生的动作的结构如下:(1)be to do表示计划或安排中将要发生的动作。we are to meet at the school gate at eight tomorrow morning.我们计划明早八点在学校门口集合。(2)be about to do表示“正要做某事”。i was about to sleep when there was noise downstairs.我正要睡觉,这时楼下传来嘈杂声。(3)be on the point of doing.表示“正要做”。活学活用完成句子(1)如果你要得到好的照顾,你得有资源,没有足够的钱你就不能得到好的照顾。 if youget good care you have to have the resources, you cant do it without enough money.(2)这些运动员将在长沙待五天。the players in changsha for five days.2 so引起的倒装句many people were buried alive,and so was the city.许多人被活埋了,整座城市也被掩埋。(教材原句 p42)考点释义so was the city是部分倒装,表示“也是如此”。“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示上述肯定情况也适用于该主语。the door is shut, and so are the windows. 门关着,窗户也关着。bill can speak french, and so can his brother. 比尔会说法语,他的哥哥也会。he has lots of books, and so does his wife. 他有很多书,他的太太也有很多书。发散思维(1)so+主语+表示赞同前面所说的话,意为“的确如此”。此时,前后为同一主语(人或事)。(2)neither/nor+表示前面的否定情况也适用于另一个人或另一件事。(3)so it is/was with.或it is/was the same with.表示前面出现的各种情况也适用于另一个人或另一件事。口诀:巧记so的替代词so i do, so i do,正常语序跟着so,“的确如此”,“是这样”,前后主语应一样。so do i, so do i,倒装语序跟着so,“某某也一样”,前后主语不一样。i do so, i do so,“do so”不变放后头,表示“做了那件事”,代替前面免重样。活学活用完成句子(1)总之,成功是重要的,失败也是重要的,因为它是成功之母。in a word, success is important,and failure, because its the mother of success.(2)警察赶到了那里,中国日报的记者和摄影师也到了。the police arrived there, and reporters and a photographer from china daily.(3)她没有读它,我也没有读。she hasnt read it and .(4)我是一个好学生,学习很努力,她也是如此。i am a good student and study hard. .3 it is/was believed+不定式it is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from ad 200 to ad 400.人们相信,从公元200年到公元400年,它已被沙尘暴逐渐吞没。(教材原句p43)考点释义it is/was believed+不定式表示“人们相信”。可以转换成sb/sth be believed+不定式。it is believed that the couple have left the country.据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。the vases are believed to be worth over $20,000 each.那些花瓶据估计每个价值都超过2万美元。活学活用句型转换wisdom is believed to be born with a man.=wisdom is born with a man.4 动名词的复合结构the desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sandwhat a pity!这片沙漠曾经是大树成荫的绿洲,但这些树被砍倒了,那导致(楼兰)这座城市被沙尘埋葬多遗憾啊!(教材原句p43)考点释义the city是being buried的逻辑主语,the city being buried 作为动名词的复合结构作介词in 的宾语。发散思维在确定逻辑主语的格的形式时须注意以下几点:(1)动名词复合结构作主语时一般用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。nixons visiting china marked a new year between u.s. and china diplomatic relations. 尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。 (2)在口语和非正式语体中,只要不是作主语,动名词复合结构的逻辑主语常采用名词通格、人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词。the doctor does not mind me/my eating a little meat occasionally.医生并不介意我偶尔吃一点肉。 (3)如果逻辑主语是一个短语或有修饰语, 一般用名词通格或人称代词的宾格形式。the teacher insisted on the boy apologizing.老师坚持要那个男孩道歉。 i insist on both of them coming on time.我坚持要他们两人准时来。 (4)无生命的事物名词作逻辑主语时一般采用通格形式。the suggestion of the meeting being put off was not adopted by the chairman.延期召开会议的建议没有被主席采纳。 -s 结尾的复数名词作逻辑主语时一般用通格。the librarian wouldnt like his books being earmarked.图书管理员不喜欢书角被折。 集合名词、单复数同形的名词或变化不规则的复数名词作逻辑主语并同动名词一起作宾语时,一般用通格。i was surprised at the children playing in the street yesterday.我没想到昨天孩子们在大街上玩。活学活用完成句子(1)mary没准时到火车站使得她的家人都很担心。 to the station on time made all of her family worried. (2)我一点也不知道她在部队服过役。i know nothing about in the army. 5 状语从句的省略when asked how a statue from distant greece could have appeared in china, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of alexander the greats influence.当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时,研究人员解释说,这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。(教材原句p58)考点释义状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致,或从句主语为it;从句谓语动词是be的某种形式时,从句中的主语和be动词通常可省略。when(the museum is)completed, the museum will be open to the public next year. 当博物馆完工后,明年它将对公众开放。hell go to the seaside for his holiday if(it is)possible.如果有可能的话,他将去海边度假。发散思维状语从句的省略常存在于以下五种状语从句中:(1)由if、unless等引导的条件状语从句;(2)由although、though、even if/though等引导的让步状语从句;(3)由when、while、as、before、after、until/till等引导的时间状语从句;(4)由as、as if等引导的方式状语从句;(5)由as、than等引导的比较状语从句。常见的状语从句的省略形式有以下几种:(1)连词+不定式 he stood up as if(he were)to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。(2)连词+现在分词as(she was)walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。(3)连词+形容词as(he was)young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。(4)连词+名词while(he was)a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就总是乐于助人。活学活用完成句子(1)有人问她时,她确认了她将要退休。when, she confirmed that she was going to retire. (2)她有空就去逛商店。whenever, she often goes shopping.(3)尽管他曾经是个农民,但现在是位著名的导演了。although, now he is a famous director.(4)即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。he wouldnt solve the problem even iftake charge.重点句型练习1.长城可以追溯到两千多年前。the great wallover two thousand years ago. 2.泰姬陵是世界奇迹之一,很有价值。the taj mahal is in the world and. 3.人们相信,从公元200年到公元400年,它已被沙尘暴逐渐吞没。it is believed to over by sandstorms from ad 200 to ad 400.4.这片沙漠曾经是大树成荫的绿洲,但这些树被砍倒了,那导致这座城市被沙尘埋葬多遗憾啊!the desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city by sandwhat a pity! 5.当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时,研究人员解释说,这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。when asked how a statue from distant greecein china, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of alexander the greats influence. 单元语法练习用所给动词的适当形式填空1.its difficult to get a car(go)on a cold morning. 2.i have had my bike(repair), and im going to have my brother(repair)my radio tomorrow. 3.dont leave the water(run)while you brush your teeth. 4.travelling to pompeii(be)exciting. 5.that it keeps raining cats and dogs (worry)the tourists. 6.contrary to what we had expected, the noodles and rice they served on th