人教版选修七Unit 4 Sharing Language points课时作业（8）.docx

unit 4 sharing language points课时作业第一节 完型填空i lost my sight when i was four years old by falling off a box car in a goods yard in atlantic city and landing on my head. now i can dimly remember the1 of sunshine and what color red is. it would be wonderful to see again, but a(n) 2 can do strange things to people. it3 to me the other day that i might not have come to love life as i do if i hadnt been blind. i believe in life now. i am not so sure that i would have believed in it so deeply, 4. i dont mean that i would prefer to 5 without my eyes. i simply mean that the loss of them made me appreciate more what i had 6.life, i believe, asks a continuous series of7 to reality. in 8 of the fact that they are never easy, i had my parents and teachers to help me. the hardest lesson i had to learn was to believe in myself. if i hadnt been able to do that, i would have 9 and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the rest of my life. when i say belief in myself i am not talking about 10 the kind of self-confidence that helps me down an 11staircase alone. that is part of it. but i mean something bigger than that, an assurance that i am, despite12, a real, positive person; that there is a special place where i can make myself 13.it took me years to discover and14 this assurance. it had to start with the most elementary things. once a man gave me an indoor baseball. i thought he was laughing at me and i was hurt. “i cant use this.” i said. “take it with you,” he urged me, “and roll it around.” the words 15 in my head. “roll it around!” by rolling the ball i could hear where it 16. this gave me an idea how to achieve a goal i had thought 17playing baseball. at philadelphias overbrook school for the blind i invented a successful variation of baseball. we called it ground ball.all my life i have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to achieve them, one at a time. i had to learn my18. it was no good crying for something that i knew at the start was wildly out of 19because that only20 the bitterness of failure. i would fail sometimes anyway but on the average i made progress.1.a.attractionb.brightnessc.warmthd.charm2.a.crashb.experiencec.catastrophed.memory3.a.struckb.happenedc.occurredd.appealed4.a.eventuallyb.thereforec.meanwhiled.otherwise5.a.chooseb.stayc.god.see6.a.leftb.forgottenc.lostd.heard7.a.changesb.referencesc.trialsd.adjustments8.a.termsb.favourc.spited.place9.a.collapsed b.criedc.sighedd.escaped10.a.possiblyb.simplyc.franklyd.inevitably 11.a.unbelievableb.unstablec.unfamiliard.unlikely12.a.fearb.imperfectionc.concernd.unfairness13.a.fitb.livec.standd.realize14.a.abandonb.strengthenc.broadend.regain15.a.stuckb.hitc.slipped d.jumped16.a.stoppedb.fellc.bouncedd.went17.a.reasonableb.realisticc.impossibled.potential18.a.dreamsb.abilitiesc.limitationsd.achievements19.a.controlb.pityc.charged.reach20.a.proposedb.invitedc.includedd.extended答案1.b2.c3.c4.d5.c6.a7.d8.c9.a10.b11.c12.b13.a14.b15.a16.d17.c18.c19.d20.b第二节 阅读理解athe idea of exploring the past through the human history of a single crop has been around for a while. what is striking about james walvins new book is that, while focusing only on sugar, it does not restrict itself to the past. rather, the book takes the story of perhaps the most popular crop of all time and brings it disturbingly into the present day.walvin begins his research where most of us begin our relationship with the stuff: the sweet shops of childhood memory. if sugar is a guilty pleasure then it is one with which almost every one of us is drunk on a daily basis. the unstoppable march of sugar raises the question: why? after all, sugar cane(甘蔗)is difficult to grow and the processes of refinement and clarification required to produce eatable sugar are time-consuming andexpensive. yet, as walvin explains, sugar has one enormous temptation: it satisfies our seemingly born desire for sweet tastes, but the satisfaction that sugar provides comes at a terrible cost, both to those who produce it and those who consume it. sugar changed world history more profoundly than any other crops. it fuelled the atlantic slave trade and the african wars. were familiar with the story of how millions of enslaved africans were transported to the caribbean, the us and brazil, but the growing global demand for sugar also led to the migrations of other groups. the profitability of sugar production also inspired american producers to ship thousands of poor indians from their homeland to the caribbean, south america and fiji as well as japanese peasants to plantations in hawaii. the story of sugar, then, is not just one of changing diets and expanding waistlines, but also one of mass migrationsboth forced and voluntary, both familiar and unfamiliar.sugars story in the 20th and 21st centuries can only be told with reference to the development of american agricultural businesses and the giant food corporations, most notably the coca-cola company. the modern anti-sugar movement is demanding better labelling and the reduction of sugar in foods and drinks targeted at children.the sugar industry stands today where the tobacco corporations stood in the 1960s, accused of knowingly contributing to a global health crisis and obesity. this is just the latest moral crisis faced by the food giants of the sweet stuff.1.by mentioning migrations of different groups, the author aims to . a.illustrate the difficulty of sugar cane plantingb.criticize the greed of american sugar producersc.confirm the huge impact of sugar on human historyd.explain the reasons for slave trade and african wars2.what attitude does the author hold towards sugar according to the passage?a.critical.b.ambiguous.c.casual.d.favorable.答案1.c 2.abscientists have discovered how the “wiring” of in-built sat-navs in bees brains helps them plot the most direct route back to their hive.the researchers have found that a complex network of neurons(神经元) integrates(整合)every detail of the outbound journeys, helping bees to return directly home.while it has long been known that bees use their vision to navigate(导航)，until now little is known about what happens inside their tiny brains as they perform this task. now, researchers from the university of edinburgh have discovered neurons that detect speed and direction to help guide bees home. the neurons are located in a part of the insect brain called the central complex. scientists have found this region plays a key role in controlling the navigation system, which is used by many animals, including bees, ants and humans. these cells are used to add up all elements of the outbound journey, creating a memory that bees use to fly home by the most direct route, researchers say.the researchers have discovered the complex workings of the system by studying the brains of nocturnal(夜间的)rainforest bees. they monitored nerve function by attaching tiny electrodes(电极)to bees heads as the insects were shown virtual reality simulations(模拟)of what they see when flying forward or rotating.their results, together with microscope studies of how the nerve cells are connected, were used to develop a detailed computer model of the bees brain. the model was tested on a simulated bee and on a robot.the findings could lead to the development of new algorithms(算法)for navigation in autonomous robots that do not require gps or expensive computer systems.professor barbara webb, lead author of the study said:“the most exciting part of this research was when computer modelling of connections between nerve cells revealed the elegant principle by which bees keep track of their position and steer back home. understanding such a complex behaviour at the level of single neurons is an important step forward for the science of brain function.”3.the underlined part in paragraph 1 refers to“”.a.built-in satellite navigation fixed by scientistsb.built-in direct routes plotted by scientistsc.inborn complex network of bees neuronsd.inborn models of bees speed and position4.according to the passage,which of the following statements is not true?a.previous studies have shown that bees use sight navigation to fly back to their hive.b.the complex network of neurons integrates every detail of journeys leaving a place.c.the computer model based on the studies was tested both on a real bee and a robot.d.the research was done by monitoring nerve function of nocturnal rainforest bees.5.the findings of the research on bees could probably.a.further the microscope studies of cellsb.push forward the science of brain functionc.contribute to the test computer models of beesd.promote the study of other insects in the rainforest答案3.c4.c5bconly 60 percent of students seeking a bachelors degree at an american college or university finish their study program within six years. that information comes from the united states department of education. it was part of a report released in may. the report talks about full-time students who attended a four-year college or university for the first time in 2008.it states that 60 percent of them completed their degree program by 2014.experts say there are many reasons why this number is so low. but many schools are looking for ways to increase the graduation rate. for example, every american college or university requires students to identify the main subject, or “major”, of their studies. after all their requirements have been met, students receive their degree in that major. some universities require individuals to declare a major at the beginning of their studies. other schools let students wait until their second year. changing majors is also acceptable. but some experts argue against changing majors. they note it may cause students to take more time to complete their degree program.however, a new study suggests that students who change their majors may be more likely to graduate. the education advisory board (eab) released the report on the study last month. the board studies higher education and tries to help american colleges and universities make improvements. the study was based on information gathered from over 78,000 college students. it looked at the graduation rate of students who changed majors within the first four years of study. on average, their graduation rate was between about four to six percent higher than students who never changed majors. the report also suggests that changing majors within the first three years of study has little to no effect on the average time it takes students to complete their degree.the eabs senior director ed venit wrote the report. he would not comment on whether or not college students should change majors. but he said that about 80 percent of students do change at some point. venit also said it is not completely clear why changing majors might help students. but he thinks some people become more invested in their studies once they have had time to decide what they truly want to do.“students who chose a major early on: maybe they didnt have full information about what they wanted to do. maybe they just picked something that felt familiar . or their parents pushed them to something, whatever it might be. but maybe they didnt make a full choice early on. . those students were only, perhaps . just kind of attached to their major, versus students who either wait and explore a little bit longer or have declared something, explored further and found something else that they like even better.”venit added that the departm