六年级英语名词的数.doc

名词的数一、名词 概念：名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词。它分为普通名词和专有名词，普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词二、可数名词和不可数名词： 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。表示一个人或物用单数形式；表示两个或两个以上的人或物用复数形式。三、名词的复数变化 名词复数的规则变化 规则变化：1.一般情况下(1) 在词尾加-s 清辅音后读/s/; map-maps lake-lakes book-books浊辅音和元音后读 /z/: bag-bags car-cars ruler-rulers pen-pens(2) 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词变复数时在词后加-es 读 /iz/ bus-buses watch-watches注：(以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/ license-licenses)(3) 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词变y为i再加-es 读 /z/ baby-babies family-families 注：boy -boys toy- toys(4) 以f 或fe结尾的名词的复数形式多数是变f 或fe为v，再加-es。读/z/如：leaf-leaves thief-thieves wife- wives knife-knives 但是：roof -roofs gulf -gulfs(5) 以o结尾的名词，有生命的变复数时再加-es 读 /z/如：Negro-Negroes 黑人 hero-heroes 英雄 tomato -tomatoes西红柿 potato-potatoes 马铃蓍 （口诀：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃蓍）无生命的变复数时加-s 读/z/ 如：photo -photos radio -radios 名词复数的不规则变化 ：1. 改变单数名词中的元音字母，或其他形式。如child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth goose -geese mouse-mice man-men woman-women 2. 国人变复数：中日不变，英法变，其它加-s One Chinese - two Chinese one Japanese -two Japanese An Englishman - three Englishmen a Frenchman - two Frenchmen An American - two Americans a German - two Germans,此外Russian, African, Asian, Australian, Canadian, Italian, European等变复数时都是直接在词尾加-s.3. 复合名词的复数形式.名词加名词构成的复合名词,将第二个名词变为复数. 如：apple tree apple trees shoe shop shoe shops letter box-letter boxes girl studentgirl students boy student boy-students注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，变复数时要把这两个词都变成复数.man teacher men teachers woman doctor women doctorssport 和其他名词构成词组时,习惯上用复数形式sports. 如: a sports hat sports news sports shoes特别的复数形式1. 单复同形 如：deer，sheep，Chinese，Japanese，jin，yuan，two，three mao，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters2. 集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle，the English，the British， the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。3. 以s结尾，仍为单 数的名词，a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b. news 是不可数名词。c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 是一本非常有趣 e. 表示由两部分构成的东西，只用复数形式如：glasses (眼镜) trousers裤子 clothes衣服 gloves 手套 stockings 长筒袜 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers注意：另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes(各种)鱼 四、不可数名词的数不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它包括抽象名词，物质名词。如：health advice milk water English money news weather homework air information rice traffic luck paper trouble等词常用作不可数名词，因此没有复数形式，其谓语动词须用单数形式。注意：当water 意为“海水，江水”，paper 意为“报纸，试卷”时可有复数形式。特别提示：不可数名词还可以量化，但须用表示量化单位的词来修饰。如：a piece of news / paper / work / bread / meat a bottle of milk / water three bowls of rice ten cups of tea 一. 写出下列名词的复数形式： 1. house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 6. exercise _ 7. brush _ 8. family _ 9. bus _ 10. city _ 11. box _ 12. baby _13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. glass _ 16. dictionary _ 17. watch _ 18. woman _ 19. match _ 20. man _ 21. wish _ 22. German _ 23. tomato _ 24. policeman_ 25. kilo _ 26. human _ 27. potato _ 28. Chinese _ 29. shelf _ 30. Japanese _ 31. leaf _ 32. American _33. life _ 34. tooth _ 35. wife _ 36. foot _ 37. knife _ 38. sheep _ 39. half _ 40. child _ 二. 选择填空： 1. I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 2. They dont have to do _ today. A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D. much homeworks 3. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 4. June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 5. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan 6. Miss Green is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary 7. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 8. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 9. Many _ are singing over there. A. woman B. women C. girl D. child 10. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 11. Mr. White has three _. A. child B. children C. childs D. childrens 12. -Are these _? - No, they arent. Theyre _. A. sheep, cows B. sheep, cow C. sheeps, cow D. sheeps, cows 13. There are many _ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread 14. - Whose room is this? - Its _. A. Li Ming B. Li Mings C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 15. Here are _ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato 16. Here are some birthday cards with our best _ for her. A. wish B. hope C. wishes D. hopes 17. I always go to that _ to buy food on Sunday. A. shop B. park C. zoo D. garden 18. _ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lilys C. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys 19. Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _. A. two orange B. two bottle of oranges C. two bottles of orange D. two bottles of oranges 20. How wonderful! The _ is made of _. A. house, glass B. house, glasses C. houses, glass D. houses, glasses 21. I met some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. A. Janpaneses B. American C. Chineses D. English 22. There are two _ in the room. A. shelf B. shelfs C. shelfes D. shelves 23. There are seven _ in a week. A. years B. months C. days D. minutes 24. My father is a _. He works in a hospital. A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. writer 25. - Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, Im from _. A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D. American, America阅读理解（五）Miss Lee is only twenty-one. She is tall and thin, and she has brown, long hair. She likes children and her teaching work. From Monday to Friday she stays at school and gives the children classes. She has much work to do, but she often plays games with her students after school. The children like her very much. On Sunday she drives her car to her fathers house and stays with her father and mother. Sometimes she goes to see her friends on Sunday. She drives back to school on Monday morning. She likes singing , dancing and swimming. Shes a nice teacher .根据短文的意思，选择正确的答案。( )1. Miss Lee is a _ teacher . A. very good B. very old C. good English D. good Chinese ( )2. Which is right ? _ A. She has no work to do after plays with the children .B. She plays with the children from Monday to Friday . C. She likes her students and plays games with them .D. She always (总是) works , but doesnt play at all .( )3. She goes and sees her friends _ .A. every day B. on Sunday C. on Saturday D. on Friday ( )4. Miss Lee goes home _ .A. in her car B. on a bus C. on foot D. by her car ( )5.Miss Lee likes _ .A. driving B. cooking C. running D. teaching 阅读理解（六）Jack and Sally are brother and sister. They are twins. They like to swim and ride bike