译林版高中英语选修7学案：Unit3 Theworldonline SectionⅡ Word版含解析 (1).doc

unit 3the world onlinesection grammar1they wouldnt have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.(page 41)如果他们舍弃了他们的梦想他们就不会获得成功。abandon vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃the sailors abandoned the burning ship.海员们抛弃了燃烧着的船只。some trapped miners abandoned themselves to despair.一些被困矿工陷入绝望之中。(1)abandon oneself to sth./doing sth.某人陷入(做)某事(物)；沉湎于(做)某事(物)(2)辨析：abandon，desert和quitabandon的意思是“放弃”，强调完全、永远地放弃，尤指对之负有责任或义务者，放弃一个项目或计划。the project was abandoned due to lack of money.由于缺少资金，工程不得不被放弃。desert 表示抛弃自己的天职或应尽的义务，强调违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等。he deserted his wife and children and left the family.他抛弃了他的妻子和孩子，离家出走了。quit指突然或出其不意地放弃，常指“停止(做)”。he quitted his job and went back to school again.他放弃了工作，又回到了学校。单项填空1)he is the kind of person who _ his friends in time of trouble.aabandons bdesertscquits descapes2)dont abandon yourself _ the football match.ato watch bto observecto watching dto observing2i wonder whether mike is getting annoyed with me.(page 41)我不知道麦克是否正在生我的气。wonder v. 诧异；奇怪；纳闷；想知道n惊奇；惊异；奇迹she wondered at her own stupidity.她没想到自己竟会这样愚蠢。i wonder whether they will arrive on time.我不知道他们能不能准时到。i wonder who he is.我不知道他是谁。they looked at the conjurer in silent wonder.他们怀着惊奇的心静静地看着魔术师。we were filled with wonder.我们感到惊奇。walking on the moon is one of the wonders of our times.在月球上漫步是我们这个时代的奇迹之一。(1)相关句型及短语：its a wonder(that).令人惊奇的是do/work wonders 创造奇迹(2)派生词：wonderful adj. 令人惊奇的；极好的(3)形似词：wander v. 闲逛；徘徊；徜徉 n溜达；徘徊单项填空1)they were filled with _ when they saw the spaceship.awonder badmirecgaze dwander2)mother told him not to _ the streets after school.awander bwondercmove dgo3i think id better apologize to him tomorrow for not keeping the appointment.(page 41)我想明天我最好为没能赴约向他道歉。appointment n约会，预约；任命，委任you should phone his secretary if you want to make an appointment.如果想预约，你应该给他的秘书打电话。his appointment as principal他担任校长的任命(1)相关短语：make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会/预约keep/break ones appointment 坚守/违反某人的约定(2)appoint vt. 约定，指定(时间、地点)；任命，委任appoint sb.to be/as .任命/委任某人为appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事our visitors arrived at the appointed time.我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。hes been appointed to be a member of the state supreme court.他被任命为州最高法院的一名成员。a committee was appointed to carry out the plan.一个委员会被委任执行该计划。considering your experience in the field，we are very glad to appoint you as our agent.鉴于你在这一领域的经验，我们很高兴地指定你为代理。单项填空1)we must _ a new teacher at once to the mountain school.aappreciate bappealcapproach dappoint2)it doesnt make any sense for the prime minister to _ a banker to this post.achoose belect cappoint dselect助动词一、概念助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词。助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种。二、相关知识点精讲1助动词be的用法1)be现在分词，构成进行时态。they are having a meeting.他们正在开会。english is becoming more and more important.英语正变得越来越重要。2)be过去分词，构成被动语态。the window was broken by tom.窗户是汤姆打破的。english is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。3)be动词不定式，可表示下列内容：a表示最近的、未来的计划或安排。he is to go to new york next week.他下周去纽约。we are to teach the freshmen.我们将要教大一新生。注意：这种用法也可以说成是将来时态的一种表达法。b表示命令。you are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。he is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。c征求意见。how am i to answer him?我该怎样答复他？who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢？d表示相约，商定。we are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。2助动词have的用法1)have过去分词，构成完成时态。he has left for london.他已去了伦敦。by the end of last month，they had finished half of their work.到上月末为止，他们已经完成了一半的工作。2)havebeen现在分词，构成完成进行时。i have been studying english for ten years.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。3)havebeen过去分词，构成完成时被动语态。english has been widely used in many fields for many years.多年来，英语已被广泛应用于众多领域。3助动词do 的用法1)构成一般疑问句。do you want to pass the exam?你想通过考试吗？did you study german?你(们)学过德语吗？2)donot 构成否定句。i do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评。he doesnt like to study.他不喜欢学习。in the past，many students did not know the importance of english.过去，很多学生不知道英语的重要性。3)构成否定祈使句。dont go there.不要去那里。dont be so absentminded.不要这么心不在焉。注意：构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4)放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。do come to my birthday party.一定要来参加我的生日聚会。i did go there.我确实去那儿了。i do miss you.我确实想你。5)用于倒装句。never did i hear of such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事情。only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of english.进入大学以后，我们才认识到英语的重要性。注意：引导此类倒装句的副词有never，seldom，rarely，little，only，so，well等。6)用作代动词。do you like beijing?你喜欢北京吗？yes，i do.是的，我喜欢。(do用作代动词，代替like beijing)he knows how to drive a car，doesnt he?他知道如何开车，对吧？4助动词shall和will的用法shall和will作为助动词，可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。i shall study harder at english.我将更加努力地学习英语。he will go to shanghai.他要去上海。注意：在过去的语法中，语法学家说shall用于第一人称，will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在，尤其是在口语中，will常用于第一人称，但shall只用于第一人称，如用于第二、第三人称，就失去助动词的意义，已变为情态动词，试比较：he shall come.他必须来。(shall有命令的意味)he will come.他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时)5助动词should，would的用法1)should无词义，只是shall的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，只用于第一人称。i telephoned him yesterday to ask what i should do next week.我昨天给他打电话，问他我下周做什么。比较：“what shall i do next week？” i asked.“我下周做什么？”我问道。可以说，直接引语变成间接引语时，shall变成了should。2)would也无词义，是will的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，用于第二、第三人称。he said he would come.他说他要来。比较：“i will go，” he said.他说：“我要去。”此句变成间接引语，就成了he said he would come。原来的will变成would，go变成了come。答案：导学互动即学即练：11)a解析：遗弃对之负有责任者用abandon。2)c解析：句意为：“不要沉溺于观看足球赛之中”。abandon oneself to“使放纵，沉溺于”，to为介词。21)a解析：句意为：“