学人教版选修七Unit3Under the sea Period2Language points学案（19页word版）.docx

2019学年度人教版选修七unit3under the sea period2language points学案话题素材海底世界好词1.beach n. 沙滩 2.surface n. 水面；表面3.serious adj. 严重的 4.wave n. 波浪5.shallow adj.浅的 6.still adj.平静的；静止的7.fresh water 淡水 8.freezing point 冰点第 51 页 共 51 页9.off the coast of.在海岸附近10.sea animals and plants 海洋动植物11.ocean environmental protection 海洋环保12.the depth of the sea 海洋深处13.be abundant in丰富；富含14.be greatly surprised/astonished 惊奇不已15.world ocean day 世界海洋日佳句1.the sea water is mainly composed_of water and salt.海水主要是由水和盐组成。2.the sea looks beautiful on a fine day. but it_can_be_very_rough when there is a strong wind.在晴朗的日子，大海看起来很美，可是在刮大风时，大海很粗暴。3.let us take_you_deep_into the ocean, discover_mysterious_wild_life and face the challenges thatcome in front of you.让我们带你去到海洋深处，发现神秘的野生动植物，面对出现在你面前的任何挑战。精美语篇the sea near my hometown has been polluted badlywater is black and a lot of rubbish is floatingon the sea. as a result， we often find dead fish on the beach. whats worse， many sea animals are dyingout. i think its human beings who are responsible for the result. first， tourists often throw rubbisheverywhere. second， the factories near the sea always dump polluted water directly into the sea. nowpeople are afraid to swim in the sea. its time for us to make people fully aware of the importance ofprotecting the sea. only when we live in harmony with the sea animals can we live a happy life on theplanet.高频单词1accommodation (n.) 住所；住宿accommodate (vt.) 提供住宿2abandon (vt.) 放弃；遗弃；抛弃abandoned (adj.) 被遗弃的；放纵的3reflect (vi.) 思考 (vt.) 映射；反射；思考reflection (n.) 反射；反映4aware (adj.) 意识到的；知道的unaware(adj.) (反义词)没有意识到的；不知道的awareness (n.)意识；觉悟5conservation (n.) 保存；保护conserve (vt.) 保存；保藏第 52 页 共 52 页6scare (vt.) 恐吓 (vi.) 受惊吓scared (adj.) 恐惧的；害怕的scary (adj.) 引起恐慌的7tasty (adj.) 好吃的；可口的taste (v.) 品尝；有味道 (n.) 味道；喜好tasteless (adj.) (反义词)无味的；不可口的8annual (adj.) 每年的；按年度计算的(n.) 年刊；年鉴annually (adv.) 每年地；年度地anniversary (n.) 周年纪念日9depth (n.) 深(度)；深处deep (adj.) 深的deepen (v.) 加深10relationship (n.) 关系；血缘关系；交往relation (n.) 关系；联系；交往；亲戚(关系)；亲属(关系)relate (vt.)把联系起来；讲述 (vi.) 有联系；理解relative (adj.) 与有关的；相比较的11urge (vt.) 催促；极力主张；驱策 (n.)强烈的欲望；冲动urgent (adj.) 急迫的；催促的；强求的urgency (n.) 紧急；迫切12sharp (adj.) 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的sharpen (vt.&vi.) (使)变锋利；削尖；磨快sharpener(n.) 削刀；磨床；磨器；磨具13narrow (adj.) 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的narrowly (adv.) 仅仅；勉强地重点短语1sort_out 分类；整理2be_about_to 即将；将要3ahead_of 优于；在前面4aim_at 瞄准5in_the_meantime 在此期间；与此同时6help.out 帮助摆脱困境或危难7be/become_aware_of 对知道、明白；意识到8upside_down 上下翻转9get_close_to 靠近10(be)_scared_to_death 吓死了11hold_up 阻挡12reflect_on 认真思考；沉思13be_abandoned_by. 被遗弃热点句型1a timewhen 引导的定语从句第 53 页 共 53 页it_was_a_time_when(那是一个时期)the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(教材 p19)2be about to动词原形，表示即将发生的事情this was the call that announced there_was_about_to_be (即将有)a whale hunt.(教材 p20)3v.-ing 的被动式作宾语补足语as we drew closer, i could see a whale being_attacked (正在被袭击)by a pack of about six otherkillers. (教材 p20)4with 的复合结构作状语im sitting in the warm night air with_a_cold_drink_in_my_hand (手持一杯冷饮)and reflecting on thedaya day of pure magic！(教材 p24)5“where., there be.”意为“在的地方，有”，where 引导地点状语从句the water was quite shallow but where_the_reef_ended,_there_was (在珊瑚礁尽头的地方，有) a steepdrop to the sandy ocean floor.(教材 p24)6动名词的复合结构作宾语the fish didnt seem to mind_me_swimming_among_them(介意我在它们中间游动)(教材 p24)巩固训练在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1we ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us _ (throw) itself outof the water and then crashing down again.答案：throwing2i looked down into the water and could see old tom swimming by the boat, _ (show) us theway.答案：showing3from james face, i could see he was terrified of _ (abandon) by us.答案：being abandoned4it took over half an hour _ (get) the boat back to james.答案：to get5and then old tom was off and back to the hunt _ the other killers were still attacking thewhale.答案：where6_ (see) such extraordinary beauty, i think every cell in my body woke up.第 54 页 共 54 页答案：seeing7a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me _ i could have touched it.答案：that8the first thing i became aware _ was all the vivid colours surrounding me.答案：of9then there were two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, _ suddenlyappeared from behind some coral.答案：which10i told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me _ (feel) scared to death for amoment!答案：feeling1 witness vt.当场见到；目击 n目击者；证人；证据i thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then i witnessed it with my own eyes manytimes.(p20)当时我以为这只是个故事，但是后来我却多次亲眼目睹了这样的事情。归纳拓展(1)a witness to sth.某事的证人/证明in witness of 作为的证据bear/give witness to sth.为作证；证明(2)witness for 为作证witness to (doing) sth.作证证明(做)某事语境助记牛津高阶police have appealed for witnesses_to the accident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。the driver witnessed_to_having_seen the man enter the building.司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。第 55 页 共 55 页the witness who witnessed_the_accident_gave_witness to the police and promised to be a witness.这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警方提交了证据并答应作证人。2 urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n强烈的欲望；冲动“man overboard! turn the boat around！”urged george, shouting loudly. (p20)乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”归纳拓展(1)urge sb. to_do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sb. into doing sth. 怂恿某人做某事urge that. (should) do sth. 极力主张；强调it is urged that.(should) do sth. 坚决要求(2)have the urge to_do sth. 有做某事的欲望(3)urgentadj. 紧迫的；迫切的；非常重要的(4)urgencyn. 紧急；迫切语境助记2016江苏高考there are several reasons to believe that the urges_to_help,_inform and share arenot taught, but naturally possessed in young children.有几个理由让人相信，孩子们帮助、告知和分享的冲动不是教的，而是他们天生就具有的。2016江苏高考the authors purpose in writing the passage is to urge_people_to prepare for elnio.作者写这篇文章的目的在于提醒人们要对厄尔尼诺现象做好准备。牛津高阶the report urged_that all children be_taught to swim.这份报告呼吁教所有的儿童游泳。it is urged_that the government (should)_take immediate action to prevent such thing happeningagain.人们极力主张政府应该立即采取措施阻止此类事情再度发生。every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.一天中的每分钟都排满了急待解决的事情。3 abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃第 56 页 共 56 页from jamess face, i could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. (p21)从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。归纳拓展(1)abandon ones hope/plan/idea/post 放弃希望/计划/主意/职位abandon oneself to. 沉湎于；纵情于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地(3)abandonedadj. 无约束的；被遗弃的；废弃的语境助记the bad weather forced them to abandon_their_search.恶劣的天气迫使他们终止了搜寻工作。they abandoned_carrying_out the plan because of the lack of money.因为缺少资金，他们放弃了实施这项计划。it was not until then that i realized how foolish it was of me to abandon_myself_to computer games.直到那时我才意识到自己迷恋电脑游戏是多么地愚蠢。he owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned.他有一座农场，看起来几近荒芜。4 opposite prep.与相对 adj.相反的；不同的 n相反的事物；对立的人/物/反面we ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of thewater.(p20)我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面归纳拓展(1)be opposite to 在对面just the opposite 恰恰相反(2)oppose vt.反对；反抗oppose sb./sth.反对oppose doing sth.反对做某事(3)opposedadj.反抗的；抵抗的be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对做某事be opposed to.与相反第 57 页 共 57 页(4)oppositionn抵抗；反对语境助记opposite is st. pauls church, where you can hear some lovely music.对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。he lives in the house opposite_to ours.他住在我们对面的那栋房子里。5 reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考im sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the daya day of puremagic！(p24)我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情这是神奇的一天！归纳拓展(1)be reflected in 被反映在；被映照在中reflect on/upon sth. 仔细考虑/思考某事reflect that. 思考(2)reflectionn. 反射；反映；沉思；倒影；影像be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中a reflection of 的反映语境助记牛津高阶his face was_reflected in the mirror.他的脸映照在镜子中。you should set aside some time to reflect_on/upon your successes and failures.你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。when the suns rays hit the earth, a lot of heat is_reflected back into space.太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热量被反射到太空。2016全国卷in these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.在这些文化中，沉默是要求沉思的一种征兆。过关演练单句语法填空用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1it is not the story itself but what _ (reflect) in the story that counts.第 58 页 共 58 页答案：is reflected 考查被动语态。句意：重要的不是故事本身，而是故事中所反映出来的内容。分析句子结构可知，reflect 与 what 之间构成被动关系。2our city _ (witness) four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but inwinter you may feel a little cold.答案：witnesses 考查主谓一致。句意：我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，日照充分和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。主语为单数形式，故应填 witnesses。3we urged that he _ (apology) to mary.答案：(should) apologize 考查虚拟语气。当 urge 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词应用“should动词原形”，should 可以省略。4tony was _(scare) and begun to cry.答案：scared 考查词形转换。句意：托尼很害怕，开始哭起来。修饰人，应用形容词 scared，意为“害怕的”。5we were all _ (scare) to death when we found the ground was shaking.答案：scared 考查固定搭配。be scared to death 意为“吓死了”。6if you want to join, theres an annual membership fee of 10rmb and the organization publishes itslist of members _ (annual)答案：annually 考查词性转换。此处副词 annually 修饰动词 publishes。7he _ (pause) for breath and then continued climbing.答案：paused 考查时态。句意：他暂停下喘口气然后继续爬。由句意及 continued 一词可知，应用一般过去时，故填 paused。8the final score of the basketball match was 9394. we were _ (narrow) beaten.答案：narrowly 考查词性转换。副词 narrowly“勉强地；差一点”，修饰动词 beaten。9the villagers planned to _ (deep) the well so as to get more water from it.答案：deepen 考查词性转换。deepen the well 意为“将井挖更深”。10he spent six months in prison before _ (flee) the country.答案：fleeing 考查固定搭配。before doing sth.意为“(时间上)在做以前”。此处 before 应为介词，故填 fleeing。第 59 页 共 59 页1 help (.) out 帮助摆脱困境或危难what evidence was there that old tom was helping the whalers out？(p21)有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？归纳拓展(1)help sb. with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用等)(2)with the help of sb.with ones help 在某人的帮助下语境助记wed better sometimes talk with our parents, teachers or friends, who may help_us_out when were introuble.我们最好偶尔同父母、老师或朋友交流，在我们有困难时，他们可能会帮助我们脱离困境。a home environment in blue can help_people_reduce food intake.蓝色家居环境能帮助人们减少食物摄入量。faced with so much trouble, i cant_help_but_turn_to my parents for help.面对这么多困难，我不得不向我父母求助。i cant_help_wondering what happened to that little girl.我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。i cant thank him too much, with_the_help_of whom i have achieved my dream.我十分感谢他，在他的帮助下我实现了自己的梦想。2 be/become aware of 意识到the first thing i became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding mepurples, reds, oranges,yellows, blues and greens.(p24)我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。归纳拓展(1)be aware that. 知道；体会到make sb. aware of/that. 使某人注意到；提醒某人注意第 60 页 共 60 页as far as im aware 据我所知(2)awarenessn. 意识；认识；察觉develop an awareness of. 培养的意识raise awareness 提高认识语境助记2016全国卷for this courier job, youre consciously aware_that in that box youve got somethingthat is potentially going to save somebodys life.对于这个快递工作，你得清醒地意识到在那个盒子里有某个可能会拯救别人生命的东西。drivers should be_aware_of the danger of driving after drinking.司机应当清楚酒后开车的危险。we must take measures to raise_everyones_awareness of protecting our environment.我们必须要采取措施提高每个人的环保意识。2016全国卷her popular 1962 book silentspringraised_awareness_of the dangers of pollutionand the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.她 1962 年出版的畅销书寂静的春天提升了人们对污染危害以及化学药品对人类及地球上的湖泊和海洋的有害影响的认识。过关演练选词填空( be( scared to death ； upside down； help out； aware of； in the meantime；sort out； hold up； reflect on； ahead of； get close to1looking for his lost wallet, the man turned the whole room _.答案：upside down2do you work in this office?no, as a clerk in this office is on vacation, im just _ here for about a week.答案：helping out3after i heard the terrifying news, nothing could have stopped me from feeling _.答案：scared to death4we should often _ our past mistakes.答案：reflect on5the building work has been _ by the bad weather.答案：held up第 61 页 共 61 页6looking at her large empty apartment, i became _ how lonely my mother must have been inbrazil herself.答案：aware of7she told me to _ the papers that could be thrown away.答案：sort out8i like skiing and _， i know it is very dangerous.答案：in the meantime9a punctual person always finishes everything _ time.答案：ahead of10he didnt want to _ the tiger because he thought it dangerous.答案：get close to1 it_was_a_time_when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped thewhalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(p19)那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。归纳拓展it/there was a time when.意为曾经一度( 那时( ，其中 a time 表示一段时间，后接 when 引导的定语从句。语境助记it_was_a_time_when motorcars were rare.那时汽车是很罕见的。there_was_a_time_when this style of dress was popular with young girls.曾经一度这种款式的连衣裙很受年轻女孩的欢迎。i still remember a_time_when i lived in germany.我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。2 the water was quite shallow but where_ the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to the sandyocean floor.(p24)水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。归纳拓展“where.， there be.”意为“在的地方，有”。where 引导地点状语从句，另外 wherever“在第 62 页 共 62 页何处；无论何处”也可引导地点状语从句。语境助记as the saying goes, where there is a will, there_is a way.常言道，有志者，事竟成。it is well known that the panda lives where_there_is plenty of bamboo.众所周知，熊猫生活在有大量竹子的地方。as far as im concerned, you are free to go wherever you like.就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。as young men, we should learn to stand up where_we_fall.作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。过关演练.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1did you see that boy _ (question) by the police?答案：being questioned 考查现在分词的被动语态。see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人做某事”，又因为 boy 与 question 是动宾关系，故用 being questioned。句意：你看见那个正在受警察盘问的男孩了吗？2you have to trust your mind that itll take you _ you want to go.答案：where 考查 where 引导的地点状语从句。句意：你必须相信你的头脑，它会带你去你想去的地方。3i was about _ (do) an important piece of work when my daughter came to interrupt me.答案：to do 考查固定句式。句意：我正要做一件重要工作这时女儿过来打断了我。sb. be aboutto do sth. when.意为“某人正打算做某事这时候”。4i strongly believe that _ there is a dream, there is hope.答案：where 考查 where 引导的地点状语从句。句意：我坚信有梦想，就有希望。5it was a time _ most people did not know how to operate a computer.答案：when 考查固定句式。it/there was a time when.意为“曾经一度(那时)”。.完成句子1as the saying goes, _， there is a fire.常言道，无风不起浪。答案：where there is a smoke第 63 页 共 63 页2_ when i felt very lonely.曾经一度我感觉很孤独。答案：there was a time3_ years to get back on my feet.我花了好几年时间才重新找回自己。答案：it took me复习-ing 形式的被动语态当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing形式的被动语态，即being done形式。它与其主动语态一样在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语、补语、状语。1 作主语being done 用于句首作主语，表示一个被动的动作。being exposed to sunshine for too much time will do harm to ones skin.2作宾语being done 可以用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示一个被动的动作。the film star wears sunglasses. therefore, he can go shopping without being recognized.3作定语being done 作定语，只能置于被修饰的名词后，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。the problem being discussed now is very important.4作补足语being done 可以用在某些动词(see, hear, watch, feel, notice, find, keep.)后作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。youll find the topic being discussed everywhere now.5作状语being done 用作状语，是一个比较重要的用法，主要用于句首表示原因，有时也表示其他关系(如时间等)。being repaired, the road is blocked now.being done 的完成式为“having been done”，通常在句中作宾语和状语。having been taught many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises.第 64 页 共 64 页being done 的否定形式为“not being done”；其完成时的否定形式为“not having been done”。he was unhappy for not being invited to the party.过关演练单句语法填空用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1after only six months of _ (care) by 25yearold woman from china, the boy can alreadyunderstand basic chinese daily expressions.答案：being cared 考查 being done 作宾语。介词 of 后接 v.ing 形式，且由空格后的 by 可知，表示被动。故填 being cared。2as a student, i can tell you that there is nothing better than _ (praise) by my teacher beforemy classmates.答案：being praised 考查 being done 作宾语。than 在此为介词，故后面接 v.-ing 形式，且由空格后的 by 可知，表示被动。故填 being praised。3the lecture _ (give), a lively question-and-answer session followed.答案：having been given 考查独立主格结构。lecture 与 give 之间为被动关系，且表示发生在谓语动词之前。4what do you know made susan so upset?_ (charge) with giving away state secrets.答案：being charged 考查 being done 作主语。句意：你知道是什么使苏珊这么烦恼？被指控泄露国家秘密。susan 与 charge 是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因本句为省略句，回答部分在句中作主语，故用 being charged。5the building _ (build) now will be used as our reading room.答案：being built 考查 being done 作定语。句意：正在被修建的大楼将用作我们的阅览室。所填内容表示正在进行的被动动作。.阅读理解(建议用时 16)ai dont think i can recall a time when i wasnt aware of the beauty of the ocean. growing up in australia,i had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. the first time i went to halfmoon bay,i_suddenly_had_the_feeling_of_not_being_able_to_feel_the_ground_with_my_feet_anymore.for my 10th birthday, my sister and i were taken out to the great barrier reef. there were fish indifferent colors, caves and layers of coral. they made such an impression on me. when i learned that only 1第 65 页 共 65 页percent of australias coral sea was protected, i was shocked. australian marine w1 life is particularlyimportant because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. but sadly, only 45%of the worlds reefs are considered healthy.this statistic w2 is depressing w3 ， so its important for us to do everything