2009版货代英语unit13的翻译.doc

一、CMR 国际公路货物运输合同公约 (考试重点)1-1 课文：Rail transport plays more or less the same role as road transport in the domestic economy of a country.注释：rail transport: 铁路运输 more or less: 或多或少 play (a) role: 扮演角色 the same as: 与.相同 road transport: 公路运输 domestic: 本国的，国内的，对内的 economy: 经济，经济制度课文意思：在一国国内经济中，铁路运输或多或少与公路运输扮演同一角色。2-2 课文：Rail transport and road transport are often complementary, with rail transport undertaking the long haul and road transport undertaking the local collection and distribution. Freight forwarders should be able to organize the carriage of goods by road and rail efficiently.注释：complementary:互相补足的，补充的，补足的 undertake: 承担，担任 long haul: 长途运输(haul: 拖拉，拖运)local collection and distribution: 本地的集散(collection: 收集，采集，聚集 distribution: 分配，分发，散布)be able to: 能够，有能力(做). organize: 组织，筹备 carriage of goods: 货物的运输 efficiently: 有效率地，有效地课文意思：铁路运输和公路运输通常是相辅助性的，铁路运输承担长距离运输，公路运输从事本地的集散。货运代理人应有能力有效地组织铁路和公路运输。2-3 课文：In the contract of carriage of goods by road, the rights, duties and responsibilities of the road carrier may be discussed under Convention de Merchandises Par Routes (CMR) and the national law.注释：contract: 合同 right: 权利 duty: 义务 responsibility: 责任 discuss: 讨论，论述 Convention de Merchandises Par Routes: 国际公路货物运输合同公约(简称“CMR”) national law: 国内立法(national:国内的)课文意思：在公路运输合同中，公路承运人的权利义务和责任在国际公路货物运输合同公约和国内立法中有详细论述。2-4 课文：The CMR convention is the convention on contract for international carriage of goods by road which was adopted in 1956 and which generally governs international transport of goods by road. (国际公路货物运输合同公约成立的时间和作用，了解一下)注释：convention: 公约，协定 international: 国际的 adopt: 采用，采纳，正式通过 generally: 一般，通常 govern: 约束，控制，支配，治理，管理课文意思：CMR公约是指国际公路货物运输合同公约。该公约于1956年被采纳，并且通常用来调整国际公路货物运输2-5 课文：The CMR convention has been ratified only by countries in Europe and road transport in the countries outside Europe is to a great extent governed by national laws and ordinances which vary from country to country.注释：ratify: 批准，认可 Europe: 欧洲 outside: 外部的，在.以外的 to a great extent: 很大程度上，非常 ordinance: 法令，市政令 vary from. to.: 从.到.不等，在.到.之间变动课文意思：CMR公约仅被欧洲国家认可，而欧洲以外的国际的公路运输很大程度上是受国内法律和法规制约的，各国的规定又不尽相同。2-6 课文：However, it is of benefit to forwarders outside Europe to be aware of the convention as they could then understand the legal regime applicable to movement of cargo when they act as intermodal transport operators, when land transport in Europe forms part of the intermodal transport system.注释：benefit:有益的，有利的be aware of: 知道，了解 understand: 了解，理解，明白 legal regime: 法律体制(legal: 法律的，法定的 regime: 体制，政体)applicable：可适用的，适当的，合适的(后面常接“to”)movement of cargo: 货物的运输 act as: 担当 intermodal transport: 多式联运 (intermodal: 联合运输的)operator: 营运人 land transport: 陆路运输，陆上运输 form part of: 组成.的一部分 system: 体系，系统，体制，方法课文意思：然而，欧洲以外的货运代理了解该公约也是有益的，因为一旦他们作为多式联运的营运人并且当欧洲的陆路运输构成该多式联运的一部分时，他们可了解货物运输所适用的法律体制。二、CMR公约下，承运人的责任(考试重点)在CMR公约下，承运人将对下列情况负责：1.The acts and omissions of his agents and servants or other persons whose services he makes use; 承运人的代理人，受雇人或其他人的作为和不作为。注释：act: 行为，举动，作为 omission: 疏忽; 失职, 懈怠;不作为 servant: 受雇人2. Loss of or damage to the goods occurring between the time he takes over the goods and the time of delivery as well as for any delay in delivery.自他接管货物到交付期间发生的灭失和损害和延迟交付。注释：loss: 损失 damage: 损坏，破坏 occur: 发生，出现 take over：接受，接管 delay in delivery : 延迟交付三、CMR 公约下，承运人的免责 (考试重点)在下列情况下，承运人对货物的灭失，损害和延迟交付免除责任：1. Any wrongful act or neglect of the consignor. 由于发货人的错误行为或者过失造成的货物的灭失，损害和延迟交付，承运人不承担责任。注释：wrongful: 不正当的，错误的 neglect: 疏忽，忽视，过失 consignor: 发货人，委托人2.Inherent vice of the goods; 货物的固有缺陷注释：inherent vice: 固有缺陷，内在缺陷 (inherent:固有的，内在的vice: 缺点，缺陷)3. Circumstances which he could not avoid and the consequence of which he was unable to prevent. 承运人无法避免的情况以及无法预防的结果。注释：circumstance: 情况，形势 avoid: 避免 consequence: 后果，结果 be unable to: 不能，没有能力. prevent: 防止，预防但是承运人在此情况下不能免责：The carrier shall not be relieved of liability of reason of the defective condition of the vehicle used by him in order to perform the carriage, or by reason of the wrongful act or neglect of the person from whom he may have hired the vehicle or of the agents or servants of the latter.对于由于为履行运输而使用之车辆的不良状态或由于承运人已租用其车辆的人的或他的代理人或他的受雇人的错误行为或过失，承运人不