2010年英语四级翻译练习.doc

第三部分 翻译特训练习与答案训练三1. If you want to _(取得成就或实现雄心壮志)，you must work hard，make efforts and get prepared.2. The successful person _(总是作好充分准备)to meet opportunities as they duly arrive.3. (唯一需要做的是) a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.4. No other reproduction in any form is permitted (未经出版社书面同意).5. The environmental effect of this new factory (完全可以从周围的田地和河流看出来).6. This is yet _ (两国人民的又一个共同点).7. His scientific works _(在英语国家得到广泛阅读).8. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_(改革也是解放生产力).9. He is optimistic _(对现时信息产业的发展状况).10. Work in all fields should be subordinated to and _(服务于经济发展的进程).11. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend，_(结果却被告之她到时候不能来了).12. The identical twins resemble each other_(长相相似但性格不同).13. I would rather join you in research work_(而不愿到海滨去度假).14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language，they can communicate with adults _(通过面部表情和靠发出噪声).15. Although I liked the appearance of the house，_(真正让我决定买下它的)was the beautiful view through the window.答案与解析1.【答案】achieve something or fulfill your ambitions本题考查短语搭配。“取得成就”可以有这样的表达：make achievements或achieve something，前者“成就”作名词，后者作动词。“实现雄心壮志”中“实现”可选用realize，fulfill，此外makecome true，carryout也有实现梦想/理想之意。2.【答案】always makes adequate preparations“做准备”的表达有：Preparefor; make preparations for“充分的”可选形容词有：enough，sufficient，adequate，而well-prepared多在句中充当表语成分，如：His counsel was well-prepared.他的律师做了充分准备。3.【答案】All that is needed is此句不要受汉语思维的影响用only来翻译，“唯一要做的”，其实是“你所需要做的一切”。4.【答案】without written permission from the publishing house介词短语：without written permission表示“未经允许”;written permission表示“(书面)允许”;the publishing house表示“出版社”。5.【答案】is most clearly observable in the surrounding field and riveris most clearly observable表示“完全可以看出来”，句型The effect ofisobservable.表示“的效果是可以看出的”;surrounding field and river表示“周围的田野和河流”。6.【答案】another common point between the people of our two countries本题通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是“共同点”是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补 between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一。7.【答案】were widely read in English-speaking countries这句话易被错译为were widely read in English countries。原文中“英语国家”的含义是“讲英语的国家”。又如：我卖掉了彩电。I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清“彩电”的含义。其有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。这都体现了英汉表达差异。8.【答案】and so does reform考点有二：考查词性转移。原文中“解放”用作动词，“生产力”作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语“对生产力的解放”。考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得累赘。为避免重复，可选用and so does来代替这个动宾结构。9.【答案】about the present development of information industry“对表示乐观”可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。“状况”是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。10.【答案】serve the economic development“服务于”即“为服务”，所以要用serve sb./sth.的结构，不能译成be served to。“进程”也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，be subordinated to是一个固定结构，含义是“从属于隶属于”。11.【答案】only to be told that she couldnt come by then本题考查对“only+不定式”结构的掌握。此结构相当于一个结果状语，意为“结果却”，表示事情的发展与预料相反。如：He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路奔跑赶到车站，可是车已经开走了。12.【答案】in appearance but not in characterin appearance表示“外表”，往往包括衣着，而looks 复数形式表示容貌，单数形式则表示“表情、神色”，尤指高兴时的表情;in character表示“性格”。13.【答案】than go on holiday to the seaside虚拟语气：than go on holiday表示“不如”，其结构为：主语+would rather+动词谓语+than+动词原形，表示“宁可”、“与其不如(做)，不愿”。on holiday表示“度假”。seaside表示“海滨”。14.【答案】through facial expressions and by making noises本题要注意介词的选择。同样是表示方法途径，前后的介词选择却有不同，考生要注意比较和记忆。15.【答案】what really made me decide to buy it本题考查对what引导的主语从句的掌握。根据句子结构，前半句是although引导的让步状语从句，而主句中只有系表结构，缺少主语，故需要翻译的部分应该是一个主语从句。1.I have had great deal of trouble_.(跟得上班上的其他同学)答案：1. keeping up with the rest of the class.2._(我们没有人料到主席会出现) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.答案：2. none of us expected the chairman to turn up3. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(正如预料的那样).答案：3. as was to be expected4. Most doctors recognize that medicine is as much_(是一门科学，也是一门艺术).答案：4. an art as it is a science5. Some women _(本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.答案：5. could have made a good salary.6.Over a third of the population was estimated_(无法获得) to the health service.答案：6. to have no access7. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_(习惯了学生迟到) his lecture.答案：7. to students being late for8. The price of beer_(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season.答案：8. ranges/varies from 50 cents to $49.Wed like _(预订一张餐桌) five for dinner this evening. 答案：9. to reserve a table for10. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_(想找麻烦).答案：10. to make trouble11. It may be necessary to stop_(每隔时间) in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.答案：11. at intervals 12. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _(伤害自己).答案：12. injure himself13.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was_(忙着准备) her examination.答案：13. busy preparing for14. The ships generator broke down and the pumps_(不得不用手工操作) instead of mechanically.答案：14. had to be operated manually15. Why didnt you tell me you could me the money? I_ (本来不必从银行借钱的)答案：15. neednt have borrowed it from the bank.16.By the time you get to New York, I_(已经动身去) London.答案：16. shall have left for17. Buying clothes_(是一件很耗时的工作), because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.答案：17. is often a very time-consuming job18. Its time_(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.答案：18. something was done/some measures were taken19. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon_(克服了这种心理).答案：19. overcame it/got over it20. Please dont stand in the kitchen, youre_(挡路了).答案：20. in the way2010四级翻译 12月四级翻译题精选练习(5)1. The number of the students in this city has _ （增加了6倍） in comparison with 2001. 2. _ （有些大一新生打定主意） to pursue a masters degree after undergraduate studies. 3. _ （不管任务多么艰巨）, we must fulfill it in time. 4. He had understood nothing, _ （也没尝试着去） understand. 5. _ （随着时间的流逝）, they forgot their bitter sufferings. 6._ （ 据说 ） the painter used his aunt as the model in that painting. 7. Most of the people who die in earthquakes _ （ 是正在倒塌的建筑物砸死的 ）. 8. Most people tend to believe that the newer, the better, _ （ 尽管并不总是这样 ）. 9. _ （ 没有人不称赞他们 ） for their great accomplishment. 10. _ （ 毫无疑问 ） he is qualified for the job. 11. This leaflet tells you _ （怎样在旅行期间防止生病）. 12. The book is _ （我够不着）; would you please pass it to me? 13. Im not accustomed to such luxury, _ （它简直是浪费钱）. 14. He came to the meeting _ （不顾重病）. 15. Then I found myself _ （被许多男孩子包围着）. 参考答案: 1. increased 5 times 2. Some freshmen make up their minds 3. No matter how hard the task is However hard the task is No matter how hard the task may be However hard the task may be 4. nor did he try to 5. With the passage of time 6. It is said that 7. are killed by falling buildings 8. though that is not always the case 9. There is no one who does not praise them 10. There is no doubt that 11. how to avoid getting ill while traveling 12. beyond my reach 13. which is just a waste of money 14. despite his serious illness in spite of his serious illness 15. surrounded by many boys 1. The club _ （采用一套新的制度） concerning its membership. 2. My parents are _ （不同意） our picnic plan. 3. The swimmer caught in the whirlpool_ （挣扎着避免溺水 . ） 4. The carpet was _ （固定在地板上） with tacks. 5. （ 2 天了都没有走出沙漠，又没有水喝 ） _he was unquenchable. 6. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _ （ 主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的 ）. 7. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and _ （ 超过 250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困 ）. 8. _ （ 除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议 ）to set up a branch office in the suburbs. 9. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are _ （ 为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇 ）. 10. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before_ （ 发达国家尤为如此 ）. 11. （只要看一眼这封信） _ ， will convince you th