初一英语知识点练习(二).doc

英语知识点总结(二)一. 初中英语五六模块所有单词和词组必须记熟(P129页至130页单词表及补充单词和词组).二. 必须记熟的搭配:1. be healthy (是健康的) keep healthy = stay healthy 保持健康的(状态)healthy food(健康的食物)2. Its good for your health. (它对你的健康有好处.health是名词,指 “健康”)3. healthy的反义词是unhealthy (不健康的).一种不健康的饮料: an unhealthy drink4. have something for breakfast / lunch / dinner 早中晚饭吃如: 她每天早上吃面包和牛奶. She has bread and milk for breakfast every morning.三. 饮食中的可数与不可数名词1. 饮食中水果类的名词及蔬菜类的名词一般都是可数名词.单数形式为: 一个桔子an orange, 一个洋葱an onion, an apple, a carrot, a melon等.2. 这些可数名词的复数形式为: oranges, vegetables, carrots, melons, onions, noodles, hamburgers,都直接加s. 土豆和西红柿变复数时加es,即potatoes, tomatoes.通常用可数名词复数表示这一类食物.如: I like eating hamburgers.我喜欢吃汉堡. 此时用复数表示汉堡这类食品.3. 饮食中肉类(beef, chicken, mutton, pork, duck, fish,等) 和饮料类名词(milk, water, Coke, juice等)一般都是不可数名词,因为没法数,所以没有一个或几个的概念,所以这类名词前面不能加a,后面不能加s.如: I like drinking Coke. He doesnt like eating beef. She likes eating chicken.4. 表示一类食物的总称通常是不可数的,如food, fruit, candy, cake, meat,但蔬菜vegetable和饮料drink是可数名词,可变为vegetables, drinks.5. 主食中noodle通常用复数noodles,而rice不可数.6. 不可数名词如果要用数量表示,要把复数形式加在和这个不可数名词相关的量词上.比如,我们不能说 “两水”,但我们可以说 “两瓶水,三杯水”: two bottles of water, three glasses of water. 再如,我们不能说 “四可乐”,但我们可以说 “四瓶可乐,两罐可乐”: four bottles of Coke, two cans of Coke.类似的词组还有: some pieces of bread(几片面包), two pieces of beef (两片牛肉), two bottles of milk(两瓶牛奶),two cups of tea(两杯茶), four bowls of rice(四碗米饭)等.7. 可数名词,如有需要,也可以用量词表示.如: five bowls of noodles (两碗面条) two boxes of tomatoes(两箱西红柿),此时量词与可数名词都要用复数形式.四. some 和any和用法1. some通常用于肯定句中,表示 “一些”的意思.可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词.如:some vegetables, some wateri.e.: 你应该早餐吃些面包喝点牛奶.You should have some bread and some milk for breakfast. 2. 当提问者想得到肯定回答时,也可以把some用于一般疑问句中.i.e.: 你有钱吗? Have you got some money?妈妈,你有钱吗?我想买本书. Mum, have you got some money? Id like to buy a book.3. any通常用于否定句和疑问句中. 可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词.如:冰箱里没有蔬菜了. There arent any vegetables in the fridge.杯子里有水吗? Is there any water in the glass?五. 与介词有关的固定短语1. on + 具体日子: on Monday, on Tuesday, on Sept.10th, on Sunday morning2. in + the +早中晚: in the morning, in the evening, in the afternoon3. at + 某个地点: at the cinema, at the theatre, at the gate(大门) of 4. 固定的介词介词搭配: in the army, in the park, on the farm, on the playground 六. 表示邀请的四种表达法:1. Would you like to do ?2. Lets do .3. Shall we do ?4. How about doing ?如: 你周五想去(听)音乐会吗? Would you like to go to the concert on Friday?我们晚上去(听)音乐会吧. Lets go to the concert in the evening.我们周六晚上玩电脑游戏怎么样? Shall we play computer games on Saturday evening?How about playing computer games on Saturday evening? 其中lets = let us(让我们),表建议,后面加动词原形(让)我们帮帮她吧. Lets help her. 而“让我”的说法是let me do sth. 如: 让我帮你吧. Let me help you.让她帮你吧. Let her help you.让他们帮你吧.Let them help you.让他帮你吧. Let him help you.七. invite与invitation的用法:1. invite somebody to someplace(邀请某人到某地)如: 他经常昨天邀请我去他家了. He often invites me to his home.谢谢你邀请我去你的聚会. Thanks for inviting me to your party.而invitation是名词 “邀请”的意思.如: 谢谢你的邀请. Thank you for your invitation.2. invite somebody to do something (邀请某人去做某事)如: 黄叔叔经常邀请我和他一起打篮球.Uncle Huang often invites me to play basketball with him.八. would like 的用法:1. 肯定句: somebody would like to do sth. 意为“某人想做某事”。她今天下午想打网球. She would like to play tennis this afternoon.我们这周五想要去游泳. We would like to go swimming this Friday. 2. 疑问句: 把would 提到句子最前面,即为would somebody like to do sth.?意为了”某人想要做某事吗?”你今天下午想打网球吗? Would you like to play tennis this afternoon?3.特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序.What / When / Where + would you like to do ? 如: 你下午想玩什么? What would you like to play this afternoon?你什么时候想打网球? When would you like to play tennis?4.否定句: would后面加not,缩写成wouldnt,即somebody wouldnt like to do something (某人不想做某事)如: 她不想和我打网球. She wouldnt like to play tennis with me.九. look, see 和watch的区别: look是“看,看着”, 经常和at搭配, look at看如: Look at the picturesee是“看见”。如: Can you see the picture? / What did you see in that room? watch是“观看,观摩,观察” 。如: He watches TV every evening.十. ask的用法:1. “询问”的意思.如: Can I ask you some questions?2. ask somebody to do something “让,叫某人做某事”.如:她妈妈总是叫她多喝水.Her mother often asks her to drink more water.Tony总是让他的老师帮他. Tony often asks his teacher to help him.十一.词组总结:1. 想要做某事 2. 去看电影 3. 在早晨 4. 在下午 5. 在晚上6. 上映,上演7. 在星期天 8. 让,请求某人做某事 9. 邀请某人去 10.在周六的晚上11.我最喜欢的电影明星12.他最喜欢的电影明星13.他们最喜欢的电影明星十二.重点句型:1. 汉堡是不健康的食物.2. 我最喜欢的食物是鸡蛋和面包.3. 你最喜欢的食物是什么?4. 你早餐吃什么?5. 可乐是种不健康的饮料.6. 它对你的健康有好处.7. 你想去看魔术表演吗?8. 你想要邀请你的朋友来你的聚会吗?9. 我们在周六下午去看场电影怎么样?(两个句型)10. 电影每天下午上演.11. 你什么时候想去看电影?12. 今天下午你想干什么?13. 她的老师经常叫她打扫教室.14. 她喜欢看电视.15. Tony每天看电视.16. 我们(将)在哪见面?17. 我们在校门口见吧.18. 多少钱一张票?19. 电影是什么时候的?20. 比赛是在哪(举行)的?Exercises:I. Fill in the blanks.1. Noodles and rice are _ (健康的)food.2. Coke _ _ (是种)unhealthy drink.3. There _ _ (有许多)tomatoes in the fridge.4. _ _ (多少)potatoes are there in your basket?5. Potatoes and tomatoes _ (是) my favourite vegetables.6. There _ _ (有一些)pork in the fridge.7. Onions and carrots are called _ (蔬菜).8. _ _(他最喜欢的)food _（是）hamburgers.9. _ you like some water? (想要)10. Tonys parents often _ _ _ (邀请我们)to his party.11. Let her _ (坐) next to me.12. Im thirteen, _ （连词）he is thirteen too.13. Tony asks Daming _ (让,叫)play basketball _ (和)him.14. There _ (有)some rice in the bowl.15. I _ _ _ (有个)aunt and two uncles.16. How about _ (打)basketball with me?17. Lets _(做) the housework for our mother.18. _(游泳) is my favourite sport.19. Would you like _ _ _ （去）the cinema with me?20. My favourite food _ （是）tomatoes.21. Have you received an _ (邀请)from Tony?22. Ive got five _ (刀子).23. She has got two _ （西红柿）in her hand.24. He has got _ _ _ （两瓶）Coke.25. _ is between Tuesday and _.II. Translation.1. 你想去看魔术表演吗？_ _ _ _ watch a _ _?2. Ja