中英文翻译 模板.doc

毕业设计(论文)外文翻译专 业：自动化 姓 名：刘延波班 级： 0745学 号： 15指导教师: 于静 职 称：讲师 2011 年 5 月外文翻译The supervising system of elevator base on PLC1. Nessicery of the comtent and general situation Coming into 90s,with the development of technology and the abroad application of computer ,people require more secure and reliable of the elevator,the failing of relay control becomes more evident.PLC has developed basing on the need of the order logical control,it is a electronic device of numeral operation. Whereas its variety virtue, now the relay control mode has been replaced by PLC gradually at the same time, because of the development of the technology has gradually transited to AC frequency conversion speeding.So the technology of PLC adding frequency speeding has became one hotspot in modern elevator industry.PLC is a expert computer using for automatic control, virtually it belongs to computer control mode. PLC control commonly has such point as high reliability、easy to operate、simple to maintain and program, strong agility and so on .Using PLC control and software to realize auto-control of elevator, reliability is improved greatly. Structure of the system is simple and its external line is predigested, In addition, the function can be increased or changed expendently. Also trouble can be automatic checked and alarming can be showed, security of moving is improved and examining and repairing is convenient.With the rapid development of electronic technology, micro-electronic technology and computer technology, the development of Acfrequency conversion speeding is also rapid, The AC frepuency conversion speeding of electromotor is a main measure of saving electricity、improving arts and crafts flow to improve quality of the product、amending circumstance and driving technology to go-ahead. Frequency conversion speeding is considered having developing future best of all because of its excellent timing capability and starting and stopping capability, high efficiency, high power factor and affection of saving electricity, broad applying range and other many strongpoint.Elevator of Frequency conversion speeding using advanced SPWM technology, amends moving quality and capability of elevator apparently, its timing range is vast and precision is high , dynamic of elevator apparently, its timing range is vast and precision is high, dynamic capability is good, comfort, quiet, shortcut , it nearly can compare beauty with clectromotor of DC .Simultaneity it improves quality of the power supply, reduces resonance wave, improves efficiency and power factor, saves electricity obviously.2. Choosing schemeThis design chooses the transducer and PLCof the system through comparing and dollating manifold scheme.2.1 Choosing transducer With the improvement of capability of transducer, AC frequency conversion speeding has been applied many field. Because of many advantages of the transducer,AC frequency conversion speeding has been used abroad in elevator. At present , there are a lot of expert transducers for elevator control,which have strong function, are used agility, but are very expensive. So this design does not use the expert transducer but current transducer .It also can get the same effect by reasonable station, design and program.At present , there are many kinds of current transducers in the market, but only a little can be used for elevator, The structure of the control system is not same, but the whole idea of the control is similar.An important content is the comfort feeling besides static state and dynamic capability in commonly industry control for timing desire, In this design, the key of drag timing system lies in ensuring the elevator to run by perfect speeding curve so that it can improve the comfort feeling. In addition, because the electricity cost of elevator occupies the whole by quite proportion. So the saving of electricity attach importance increasing. Because of all kinds of factors, this design chooses An-chuan VS-616G5 transducer . It has a lot of advanced functions such as magnetic vector control, rotate difference compensate, load torque self adapt, It can improve the power factor and dfficiency of electromotor farthest, at the same time it can reduce the spoilage of electromotor especially in the station that load changes frequently as electromotor.2.2 PLC choosingAccording to the checking method of the litter position ,it requires that PLC must have high speed counter . Because the elevator runs in two directions, the PLC must have contradictorily counter, So this design chooses series C type P machine which is made by Japanese company OMRON. The series C type P machine has a lot of advantages such as small cubage, strong function, cheap price, using agility and convenient. This paper designs for 7-floors, According to switches and equipments, there are about 52 input and 34 output to control. Thinking of 10%15%abundant, I choose C60P+C40P, It has 56/44 I/O.3. Hardware design3.1 Transducer parameter setting Principle of parameter setting: (1) The proportion coefficient of speeding annular should be small, but the integral time constant should be big; (2) In order to improve the efficiency, the flier frequency should be industry frequency, while the crawl frequency should be as low as possible so as to reduce stopping impulsion ; (3) Zero speed should be set on 0HZ, Holding brake with speed will affect the comfort feeling; (4) Other parameter of transducer can be input according to electric net and nameplate of electromotor.3.1.1 Transducer capacity computeThe power of transducer can be select by motor power, moving speed , load and match weight . If the power of elevator motor is P,the speed is V , the weight is W , the load is W , the match weight is W , the acceleration of gravity is g, the power of transducer is P . Under the most load, the power required by elevator is P:P=(W+W-W)g+FVTthereinto the friction force: F1=K(W+W-W)g+ can be ignored . P should close to P, but should be much bigger than P , so we can select P1.5 P.3.1.2 Parameter of trig resistance computeBecause the elevator is load of location energy , it will produce rebirth energy in running course . So the equipment of frequency timing should have the function of trig. The equipment which has a function of contradictorily changing can return the rebirth energy to electrical net , but it is too expensive , The rebirth energy can be used up on the trig resistance through trig cell by the energy-costing method , It costs little and its using effect is very nice . The resistance(R) of energy-costing should make the trig current less than half of the rating current , namely.I=U/RIThereinto U is the direct current voltage under rating station Because the trig resestance does not work continuum , the power can be much less than the power electrified . 3.2 The design of PLC control system The PLC control system of elevator , which is like the others control system of elevator , is mainly made up of the signal control system and drag control system . Picture 3.1 is the basic structure chart of PLC control system , litter control tray , stairs tray of hall outer calling , the equipment of pointing floor ,door motor, timing equipment and main drag system . The core of the control system is PLC mainframe , control tray , stairs tray of hall outer calling , well path and safety signals are sent to PLC through input port , are stored in the storage and dealt by PLC , then send out display signals to the equipment of pointing floor and calling lamps through output port , and send control signals to dragging and door control system . 3.3 Structure chart of system 4. Design of softwareThis system designs ladder shapped diagram according to its function , including open-close door , dealing of in-out instruction , floor selecting and direction , throw-over and intercepting and so on . 基于PLC的电梯控制系统1. 课题的必要性与发展概况进入九十年代，随着科学技术的发展和计算机技术的广泛应用，人们对电梯的安全性、可靠性的要求越来越高，继电器控制的弱点就越来越明显。可编程序控制器（PLC）是根据顺序逻辑控制的需要而发展起来的，是专门为工业环境应用而设计的数字运算操作的电子装置。鉴于其种种优点，目前，电梯的继电器控制方式已逐渐被PLC控制代替。同时，由于电机交流变频调速技术的发展，电梯的拖动方式已由原来直流调速逐渐过渡到了交流变频调速。因此，PLC控制技术加变频调速已由成为现代电梯行业的一个热点。PLC是一种用自动化控制的专用计算机，实质上属于计算机控制方式。PLC控制一般具有可靠性高、易操作、维修、编程简单、灵活性强等特点。电梯采用了PLC控制，用软件实现对电梯运行的自动控制，可靠性大大提高。控制系统结构简单，外部线路简化。另外可方便地增加或改变控制功能。也可进行故障自动检测与报警显示，提高运行安全性，并便于检修。随着电力电子技术，微电子技术和计算机控制技术的飞速发展，交流变频调速技术的发展也十分迅速。电动机交流变频调速技术是当今节电、改善工艺流程以提高产品质量和改善环境、推动技术进步的一种主要手段。变频调速以其优异的调速性能和起制动性能、高效率、高效率因数和节电效果，广泛的适用范围及其它许多优点而被国内外公认为最有发展前途的调速方式。变频调速电梯使用了先进的SPWM技术，明显改善了电梯运行质量和性能，调速范围广、控制精度高，动态性能好，舒适、安静、快捷，几乎可与直流电机媲美。同时明显改善了电动机供电电源的质量，减少了谐波，提高了效率和功率因数，节能显著。2. 方案选择本设计通过多种方案的比较和对照，完成了电梯控制系统中变频器和可编程控制器的选择。21 变频器的选择随着变频器性能价格比的提高，交流变频调速已应用到许多领域，由于变频调速的诸多优点，使得交流变频调速在电梯行业也得到广泛应用。目前，有为电梯控制而设计的专用变频器，其功能较强，使用灵活，但其价格昂贵。因此，本设计没有采用专用变频器，而是选用了通用变频器，通过合理的配置、设计和编程，同样可以达到专用变频器的控制效果。目前，市场流行的通用变频器的种类繁多，而电梯行业中使用的变频器的品牌也不少，其控制系统的结构也不尽相同，但其总的控制思想却是大同小异。电梯的调速要求除了一般工业控制的静态、动态性能外，他的舒适度指标往往是选择的一项重要内容，本设计中拖动调速系统的关键在于保证电梯按理想的给定速度曲线运行，以改善电梯运行的舒适感；另外，由于电梯在建筑物内的耗电量占建筑物总用电量的相当比例，因此，电梯节约用电日益受到重视。考虑以上各种因素，本设计选用安川VS-616G5型全数字变频器，它具有磁通矢量控制、转差补偿、负载转矩自适应等一系列先进功能，可以最大限度地提高电机功率因数和电机效率，同时降低了电机运行损耗，特别适合电梯类负载频繁变化的场合。22 可编程序控制器（PLC）的选择根据选择的轿厢楼层位置检测方法，要求可编程控制器必须具有高数计数器。又因为电梯是双向运行的，所以PLC还须具有可逆计数器。综合考虑后，本设计选择了日本OMRON公司生产的C系列P型机。C系列P型机具有体积小，功能较强，价格便宜，使用灵活、方便