厚翻译论文关联理论观照下的厚翻译研究.doc

厚翻译论文：关联理论观照下的厚翻译研究【中文摘要】非裔美籍学者安东尼阿皮亚在他的厚翻译一文中提出了“厚翻译”这一概念。它指的是一种通过加注,对原文的术语进行解释,将文本置于丰富的文化与语言语境中的方法,被称作厚翻译。在此文中,他解释了厚翻译的必要性及价值,即在如今西方边缘化其他民族文化的现象严重的情况下,通过厚翻译使边缘化的文化得到理解、传播、树立其与西方文化平等的地位的做法是十分有必要的。厚翻译现象在翻译中十分普遍,文学翻译中有之,科技文体翻译中亦有之。早在阿皮亚提出此翻译理论之前的一百多年前,严复在他的天演论中就大量地实用了加注,加评论的方法。厚翻译术语虽新,现象却十分普遍,阿皮亚的功劳就在于为厚翻译这一现象命名。然而,厚翻译产生的原因、其必要性,以及过度厚翻译的不良后果到目前还没有系统的研究。本文试从关联理论的角度,对红楼梦两个译本中厚翻译现象的比较研究,考察厚翻译的成因,探究其合理性、必要性和审美效果。关联理论中的认知语境,关联度,最佳关联原则,对理解厚翻译,以及评论厚翻译的优劣长短具有十分重要的作用。故此成为解释厚翻译中相关现象的理论基础。红楼梦是一部文化巨著,具有丰富的文化内涵。文化因素是红楼梦的精华,是中华民族文化积淀的体现。在翻译的过程中,如果过滤了原文中的异质文化信息,显而易见,红楼梦的欣赏价值和艺术魅力将大大减少。保留红楼梦中的文化因素,既是对原文的忠实,也是对中华民族文化的尊重。通过对分析杨宪益、戴乃迭合译的A Dream of Red Mansions,英国汉学家大卫霍克斯翻译的The Story of the Stone,作者发现,在两个英译本中,厚翻译现象都十分的明显。然而,厚翻译的内容却各有侧重：从显性的厚翻译来看,杨宪益的译文中更侧重于阐释文化信息,而霍克斯的译文则更侧重于作者生平、创作背景和部分文化信息的阐释。之所以存在这样的差异,主要有三个原因：语读者与原文作者、读者认知语境的差异、译者的文化取向差异以及译者主体性的发挥。本文作者认为,厚翻译作为一种翻译策略在跨文化交流中有着十分重要的作用,是十分必要的。但过度的厚翻译也会改变原文关联度,对原文不忠实；给读者带来困难,甚至造成原文的误读等不良后果。因此,在翻译的过程中,应避免过度的厚翻译,否则,会导致民族中心主义的文化自恋。【英文摘要】In the essay thick translation, Anthony Appiah put forward a term in translationthick translation. Thick translation is a way to use annotations and accompanying glosses to locate the text in a rich cultural and linguistic context. He comments that it (thick translation) is very worth doing. The necessity and value of thick translation are explained in his essay. Thick translation is a phenomenon pervasively exists in all kinds of translation works, literary translation,.scientific translation, etc.”thick translation” is a new term, however, the phenomenon exists long before its inventionmore than one hundred years ago, in China, Yan Fus translation of “Evolution and Ethics” was already prominent with thick translation. Although Appiah put forward the new term, and stressed its importance in cultural communication, the causes of thick translation, necessity, negative effects of overuse of thick translation and the aesthetic value of the original work havent been studied thoroughly both at home and abroad. The present thesis attempts to find a way to solve and give answers to these questions.In relevance theory, some concepts and principles are crucial in explaining the phenomenon of thick translation. They are:cognitive environments, degree of relevance and principle of relevance, which form the theoretical basis of the thesis.Hong Lou Meng is a magnum opus in Chinese literature, with rich cultural connotations. Cultural elements are the essence of Hong Lou Meng, which is also the embodiment of the great Chinese culture. In translation, if these cultural elements are cut apart from the novel, or filtered in the translated text, it is obvious to see that the artistic value of the novel will be decreased to a great extent. Preserving the cultural elements of the original novel is both to be faithful to the original novel and to be respectful to Chinese culture. Through analyzing the two English versions of Hong Lou MengA Dream of Red Mansions by Yang Xianyi &Gladys Yang, and The Story of the Stone by British sinologist David Hawkes, the author finds that in the two versions, the phenomenon of thick translation is obvious but different in various ways. Most thick translations in Yangs version are concerned with culture, while David Hawkesthick translation are mainly concerned with background of the novel, such as the life experience of the author, creating background of the novel, and etc. The author of this thesis thinks that the causes of these differences are three fold, first the different cognitive environments of the target readers and original writer and readers, second the different cultural orientation of the translators, and third, the translators subjectivities. In cross cultural translation, thick translation is necessary. However, over use of thick translation may bring some negative effects. First, over interpretation will make the relevance degree stronger than the original, and also unfaithful to the original. Second, too much thick translation may cause the readers great difficulty in learning unnecessary information provided by the translator; misunderstandings may occur due to too much unnecessary information provided. What is more, over use of thick translation to some extent may even cause cultural narcissism. As a result, unnecessary over use of thick translation should be avoided.【关键词】厚翻译 关联理论 最佳关联 红楼梦翻译【英文关键词】thick translation relevance theory optimal relevance Hong Lou Meng【目录】关联理论观照下的厚翻译研究Acknowledgements4-5Abstract5-6摘要7-9Contents9-11Chapter One Introduction11-151.1 Necessity and significance of the study11-131.2 Objective of the study131.3 Organization of the thesis13-15Chapter Two Literature Review15-212.1 Previous studies of thick translation abroad15-182.1.1 Kwame Anthony Appiah and his thick translation15-172.1.2 Theo Hermans study on thick translation17-182.2 Previous studies of thick translation at home18-21Chapter Three Rationale of the Thesis21-303.1 Relevance theory21-253.1.1 Context and cognitive environments21-223.1.2 Selection of context and Contextual effects22-233.1.3 Relevance and principle of relevance23-253.2 The application of Relevance theory in translation25-293.2.1 Translation as an act of communication25-273.2.2 Translation as an interpretive use27-283.2.3 Optimal relevance in translation28-293.3 Thick translation from the perspective of relevance theory29-30Chapter Four A case study of thick translation in the two English versions of Hong Lou Meng30-484.1 A brief introduction to Hong Lou Meng and its influence304.2 The cultural elements in Hong Lou Meng30-314.3 Introduction to the different versions of translations of Hong Lou Meng314.4 Thick translation prominent in A Dream of Red Mansions by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang31-414.4.1 Historical figures, geographical locations and thick translation31-354.4.2 Allusions and thick translation35-374.4.3 Chinese idioms and thick translation37-394.4.4 Homophones and trick translation39-414.5 Thick translation in the Story of the Stone by David Hawkes41-484.5.1