国际商务英语阅读短句翻译.doc

Homework 11. 用这样或那样的方式对进口进行限制to restrict on imports in one way or another2. 减少对商品和服务的自由流动的限制reducing restrictions on the flow of goods and services3. 世界贸易组织的贸易制度可追溯到半个多世纪以前The trading system of WTO can be dated back almost half a century ago.4. 为国际商业活动建立一个繁荣的多边贸易制度to establish a prosperous multilateral trading system for international commerce5. 成功地削减关税并且几乎消除了配额的“肯尼迪回合”Kennedy Round succeeding in reducing tariffs and virtually abolishing quotas6. 受到欧盟等国的贸易保护主义者政策的歧视be discriminated against by protectionist policies such as those of the EU members7. 由世界上大多数贸易国协商而成并签署的世界贸易组织协议agreements negotiated and signed by most of the worlds trading nations8. 依据WTO协议中的规定的争端解决程序采取行动initiate actions under a dispute settlement process spelled out under one of the WTO agreements9. 争执的双方和有利害关系的第三方之间的磋商consultation between the disputing members and interested third-parties10. 超出WTO协议中所存在的在贸易条件方面的让步trade concessions over and above those already available trading terms under the WTO agreements11. 以低于合理价格在他国销售商品sell the goods in other countries at a lower than reasonable price12. 诸如出口补贴以及为了获得市场以低于成本的价格倾销产品这种不公正的行为unfair behaviours such as export subsides and dumping products in order to get the market to the price lower than the cost13. 将生产分布在全球的不同区域distribute the production over the different areas of the world14. 生产的最优化分配the optimization allocation of productionHomework 21. 在违约的情形下: in the event of default2. 有法律约束力的合同: a legally binding agreement3. 以双方观点一致为基础的协议：an agreement on the basis of the same opinion of the two parties4. 进行建设项目的投标：make bids on construction projects5. 依据招标书中的书面要求：pursuant to written guidelines called specifications6. 通过受约人的接受使要约转变为协议to transform an offer into an agreement by acceptance of an offeree7. 规定受要约人的发货或付款等行为stipulate the offerees shipment of goods or payment of money8. 由要约人向受要约人表示的要约offer made by the offeror to the offeree9. 具有法定的签约能力have legal capacity to enter into a contract10. 法院判定心智不健全的人persons adjudged by a court of law to be mentally incompetent11. 联合国国际货物销售合同公约CISG: the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods12. 要约人：offeror13. 要约邀请：be invited by an offer14. 普通法、案例法、习惯法：Common Law15. 大陆法、成文法：Civil law16. 法律意义上的行为能力：legal capacityHomework 31. 通过消除传统的金融和技术障碍来建立一个内部没有国界的欧洲work toward the creation of a Europe without internal frontiers through the elimination of the financial and technical barriers that traditionally have restrained trade among these nations2. 在不经过成员国国家立法机构的认可或介入的情况下直接对成员国的公民发生作用affect citizens of member-nations directly without the intervention or approval of the national legislatures of the member-nations3. 通过共同关税和针对非成员国的贸易政策以追求经济贸易的增长the pursuit of trade and economic growth via a common customs tariff and trade policy toward non-member countries4. 为旨在促进欧盟经济平衡发展和一体化进程而进行的资本投资提供贷款provide loans for capital investment promoting the Unions balanced economic development and integrationHomework 41. 卖方在他自己的工厂或仓库将货物交给买方The seller hands the goods over to the buyer / puts the goods at the disposal of the buyer at his own premises or warehouse.2. 装船和启运后发生的事件所引起的货物的灭失或损坏the loss of or damage to the goods due to events arising after shipment and dispatch3. 负担将货物运至目的地国家所需的一切费用和风险to bear / to be responsible for all risks and costs that are involved in bringing the goods to the country of destination4. 当货物在指定装运港越过船舷时即完成交货to deliver / to complete delivery when the goods passes the ships rail at the named port of shipment5. 按CIF术语由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费The CIF terms / Under CIF / on CIF bases, the seller is to contract for marine insurance and pay the insurance premium.6. 请报最低的CIF上海价格，说明装运期及付款条件Please quote your lowest CIF Shanghai price.Please quote us your lowest price on CIF Shanghai basis, with particulars regarding / indicating /specifying date of shipment and terms.Homework 61. 交付依据信用证条款所制作的单证the surrender of documents made out in compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit2. 向银行申请开立以出口商为收益人的不可撤销的跟单信用证to apply to the bank for the issue of an irrevocable documentary letter of credit in favour of the exporter3. 向银行出示信用证并连同所需的各种单证to present to the bank the letter of credit together with the required documents4. 补偿议付行所付出的款项，并连同实际发生的费用to reimburse compensate the negotiating bank for the amount claimed including fees charged and out-of-pocket money paid by the negotiating bank (incidental charges)5. 收益人出示汇票并连同相伴的单据以便进行议付或付款The beneficiary presents his draft together with the accompanying documents for negotiation or for payment.6. 取决于开证行与申请开证人之间就信用证问题所作出的安排depending on the existing credit arrangement between the issuing bank and the applicant7. 开立以卖方为收益人的信用证issue the credit favouring the seller8. 开证行与申请人就信用证事宜所达成的安排the credit arrangement between the issuing bank and the applicant9. 开出供开证行或信用证中所指定的其他被开票人进行承兑的期票to draw a draft at a tenor for acceptance by the issuing bank or any other drawee named in the credit10. 授权收益人将信用证的全部或部分款项转让给他人to authorize the beneficiary to transfer a part or the whole of the benefit of the credit to someone elseHomework 71. 外汇是指以外币表示的可以用来进行国际结算的支付手段。Foreign exchange refers to the tools of financing international payment denominated in foreign currencies.2. 外汇汇率是用一个国家的货币折算成另一国家的货币的比价。Foreign exchange rate refers to the ratio at which the currency of one country is converted to that of another.3. 直接标价法是指以一定单位的外国货币为基准来计算应付多少本国货币的标价方法。直接标价法下，外国货币的数额是一个不变量，而本国货币的数额是一个可变量。Direct quoting method is one under which a fixed amount of foreign currency can be converted into a variable amount of local currency. Under direct quoting method, the rate is quoted in terms of a variable amount of local currency per fixed unit of foreign currency.4. 远期汇率与即期汇率之间的差额叫远期差价，用“升水”，“贴水”和“平价”表示。The differential between the forward rate a