定语从句的翻译 - 副本.doc

1. 限制性定语从句的翻译1) 当限制性定语从句较短时,往往采用合译法. 常把它译成汉语的前置定语, “的”结构.Space and oceans arethe new world which scientists are trying to explore.2) 当句子结构较复杂时,往往采用分译法.International business has emerged as a separate branch of management training, because the growing scale and complexity of business transactions across national boundaries gives rise to new and unique problems of management and governmental policy that have received inadequate attention in traditional areas of business and economics.3) 在翻译 “there be”结构带的定语从句时，往往采用融合法，即将主从句融合在一起译成独立的句子.There are many documents that are to be handled within the validity of the letter of credit.太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。国际商务作为管理训练的一个分支出现，是由于跨国界的商业交易日益增长的范围和复杂性产生了新的、特殊的管理和政府政策问题。这些问题没有得到传统的商业和经济领域的足够重视。（指前照应）许多单证需要在信用证的有效期内办理。2. 非限制性定语从句的翻译1) 当非限制性定语从句与它所说明的先行词关系并不是很密切，或从句较长时，一般采用分译法。分译时可重复先行词或省略先行词。The buyer may cancel its order through a telegram to the seller, which is required to get to the latter prior to the beginning of any shipment.Elizabeth was determined to make no effort for conversation with a woman, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.买方可以通过电报通知卖方取消订货，电报须在装运开始之前到达卖方。（重复先行词“telegram”）伊丽莎白不肯再和这样一个女人说话，这个女人现在异常无礼，十分令人反感。/他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，这正是在该领域获得成功的关键。（省略先行词“enterprise and creativity”用“这”代替）2) 当非限制性定语从句比较简短，或与主句关系较密切时，采用合译法，即译成“.的”的结构。The party, who sets up a breach of the contract, shall be under a duty to take all necessary measures to mitigate the loss which has occurred.违反合同的一方有责任采取一切必要的措施减轻已经发生的损失。3. 定语从句翻译成状语从句有些定语从句兼有状语从句的职能，在逻辑上和主句有状语关系，说明原因、结果、让步、假设等关系。In office, figures, lists and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or factories.A new product which has beautiful packing, good quality and advertising may very likely be a hit in market.在办公室里，工作人员将各种数据、表格和信息加以汇编，以便让经理或主管人员了解他们的商店或工厂目前正在发生的情况。一种新产品，只要包装精美，质量过硬，宣传得力，就很有可能在市场中热销。1. He witnessed the sixth post-war economic crisis of serious consequence that prevailed in various fields in the USA.2. 这个县经历了那场中国70年代第四次较为严重的、遍及数省的自然灾害。他亲眼目睹了美国战后第六次后果严重的波及各个领域的经济危机。Th