人教版初一英语下册第七单元课件.doc

一. 教学内容：Unit 7 Wheres the post office?二. 语言目标：学会用英语问路和指方向三. 词语与日常交际用语：本单元围绕“问路”和“指路”两个话题进行编排，主要的句型和日常交际用语及词汇如下：1. 目标句型Is there a bank near here?Yes, theres a bank on Center Street.Is there a pay phone in the neighborhood?Yes, its on Bridge Street on the right.Wheres the supermarket?The supermarket is next to / across from / near / between .Just go straight/ along / down and turn left / down.2. 主题词表四. 语法：1. 学习由“where”构成的特殊疑问句在一般现在时中的使用方法，以及它相应的答语。2. 学习介绍方位的介词和介词短语。3. 能够熟练使用祈使句、条件状语从句等为他人指路。4. There be句型的一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答。五. 重点难点解析：1. pay及pay phonepay用作动词，意为“付款”，常与for连用。如：Tom pays one dollar for breakfast every day.汤姆每天花一美元买早餐。pay phone（pay为名词）pay phone（投币式）公用电话phone相当于telephone是名词。如：phone number电话号码phone book电话薄phone box电话亭phone card电话卡make a phone call打个电话phone还可用作动词，意思是“打电话”。如：Please phone me. / Please call me. / Please give me a call.请给我打电话。2. 表示方位的left和right作为形容词，left意为左边的，right意为右边的。如：the left hand左手 the right hand 右手作名词时，left作“左，左方，左侧”解，right作“右，右方，右侧”解，常和the或其他限定词连用。如：The supermarket is just on the right.超市就在右边。作副词时，right意为“右边，右面，右侧”讲，left意为“左边，左面，左侧”讲。如：Go straight down New Street and turn right.沿着新大街直走，然后向右拐。right作形容词时，还表示“正确的，对的”。如：Thats right.对。3. 本单元表示方位的介词短语across from“在对面”next to“在旁边，紧挨着”，相当于介词“beside”。如：The pay phone is next to the library.公用电话在图书馆的旁边。between . and .“在和之间”。这个短语既表达时间概念，也可以表达地点。May is between April and June.五月在四月和六月之间。in the neighborhood在附近，用in the neighborhood of相当于near。on the street在街上on the right / left = on the right/ left sidein front of 在前（反义词）behindoutside在外面4. Where is / are . ?“在哪里”？这是询问物品位置或方位的一种简单的提问方式，句中动词be的形式是根据句中主语的单复数（或不可数名词）而确定的。如：Wheres my pen? 我的钢笔在哪？Where are my shoes?我的鞋在哪？Where is the milk?（不可数名词）牛奶在哪？5. There be句型这也是本单元用于问路的重点句型之一，它表示某地或某时有某人或某物。there be句型中的be与临近它的第一个名词的单复数形式相一致。临近be的第一个名词是一个单数名词或不可数名词时，用is；若临近be的是一个复数名词时则用are。在构成否定句时，直接将not接在be动词之后表示否定；在构成疑问句时，将be动词提前，置于主语前面即可。在一般疑问句的语境下，肯定或否定的回答都要使用there be句型。如：There are two pencils and a pen in the pencil case.文具盒里有两枝铅笔和一枝钢笔。Is there a hospital near here?这附近有医院吗？Yes, there is. / No, there isnt.有/没有。How many classes are there in your school?你们学校有几个班？6. go straight / down与go throughstraight形容词，副词，意思是“直的，笔直的”，在使用时要注意它的双重词性。如：Draw a straight line.画一条直线（形容词）。Go straight and turn right.一直向前走，然后向右转（副词）。downdown在此为介词，意思是“沿着，顺着”相当于along和up，但up表示“向高处”，如：go up a hill登上一座山，down表示“向低处，沿着往下”，如：Go down Center Street.沿着中心大街走。through是介词“穿过，通过”通常指空间，从内部穿过。如：They go through the forest.他们穿过了森林。7. off介词，副词，有“离开，关闭”的含义。如：Keep off the grass.勿踏草坪。see sb. off看着某人离去take off脱掉 turn off关上8. Excuse meExcuse me为习惯用语，意为“对不起，抱歉”，常用于与陌生人谈话，打断别人说话，问路或表示异议等情景。如：Excuse me, is there a hotel in the neighborhood?打扰一下，请问这附近有邮局吗？Excuse me, but thats not right.对不起，但那不对呀。9. 定语和后置定语名词的修饰词称为定语，一般由形容词充当，用来描述人和物品。如：除了形容词作定语外，还有其他词与词组也可作定语。如：名词house有两个修饰语（定语），一个是形容词small，一个是介词短语with an interesting garden，它置于house的后面称为后置定语。10. take a taxi与by taxi及take a walk前两个词组都表示“乘出租车”的意义，但前者take是动词，而by则是介词。如：Sometimes I take a taxi to school. = Sometimes I go to school by taxi.我有时候乘出租车上学。take a walk相当于have a walk散步11. street、avenue和waystreet意为“街道”，它常指市区内供车辆、行人走的道路。on the street是美式英语，而英式英语常用in the street，如：on wall street在华尔街，street可略为ST。avenue意为“林荫大道”，在美国是指城市中的大街，如the center Avenue中心大街，可略为Ave。way为“道路”，具有广泛的意义，表示各种各样的路，way还可以表示抽象意义的“路、途径，方法”等。12. arrive与getarrive是不及物动词，后需跟介词in（到达较大地方）或at（到达较小的地方），之后再接表示地点的名词，表达较为正式。而get表示到达，也是不及物动词，后可直接加here, there, home等副词，分别表示“到这儿；到那儿；到家”；get之后接地点名词时，只能加介词to。如：The plane arrives at the airport at five oclock.飞机五点钟到达机场。I usually get home at 6:00 pm.我通常晚上六点到家。13. across, through两者都是介词，表示“从（一定范围的）一边到另一边。”它们的区别是：across表示“通过某一平面”，强调“横过”；而through则表示“通过某一个三维空间”，强调从“里面穿过”。如：Go across the bridge and turn left.走过那座桥，然后向左拐弯。They walk through the forest carefully.他们小心地穿过森林。14. 敢问“路”在何方（1）英语中常见的问路方法有：Is there a . near here?这儿附近有吗？Wheres the ., please?请问在哪儿？Do you know the way to ., please?请问您知道去的路吗？Which is the way to., please?请问哪条是到的路？How can I get to .?我如何才能到达？Can you tell me the way to .?你能告诉我去的路吗？Can you find the way to . ?你能找到去的路吗？I want to go to . Do you know the way?我要去，你知道那条路吗？（2）英语中常见的指路方法有：回答Wheres the .?可用以下简单的答语：Its over there.在那边。Its behind the .在的后面。Its next to the .它挨着。Its across from . 它在的对面。Its between . and .它在和之间。回答Which is the way to ., please?和How can I get to .?等时，可根据具体情况，将下列有关句子组织起来用。Walk / Go along this street.沿着这条街走。Its about . metres from here.离这儿大约米远。Take the first turning on the left/ right.在第一个转弯处向左/右拐。Its about . metres along on the right / left.在前方右边/左边大约米远。Walk on and turn left / right.继续走，然后向左/右转弯。特别提醒问路时要打扰别人，因此要先说Excuse me，以表示歉意。问路时，若对方不知道，问路人仍要向他（她）表示谢意。如：Excuse me. Is there a bank near here?请问，这儿附近有银行吗？Sorry, I dont know.对不起，我不知道。Thank you all the same.谢谢。15. when / if开头的状语从句及that / where引导的宾语从句一个完整的句子若充当了另一个句子的某一个成份，这个句子就叫从句，如果充当的是状语，称为状语从句，是宾语就称作宾语从句。本单元出现的从句有：if: And if youre hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了，你可以在超市里买些食品。if在此句中是连词，意为“如果”用来引导条件状语从句。when: When you see a big supermarket, turn left.当你看到一个大超市时向左拐。when在此处作连接副词，引导一个时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”。Draw a picture of where your partner lives.请画一张你同伴居住地方的图画。介词“of”后面没有直接接一个名词作介词宾语，而是接了一个宾语从句，连接词虽是where，但整个句子仍保持了陈述句的语序。再如：Ask your partner about where he or she lives.（宾语从句）向你的同伴询问他或她居住的地方。Is there a big supermarket near where you live?（宾语从句）你居住的地方附近有个大超市吗？I hope you have a good trip.（宾语从句，作动词hope的宾语）hope可以接不定式或从句作宾语：hope to do ; hope + 宾语从句但不能说hope sb. to do sth.。如：I hope you to go out for a walk with me. ()I hope you go out for a walk with me. ()我希望你和我一块去散步。16. be busy with sth.与be busy doing sth.等动词短语的用法enjoy oneself与enjoy doing sth.have to与mustbe busy with sth.忙于某事be busy doing sth.忙于干某事He is busy doing his homework. = He is busy with his homework.他正忙于作业。enjoy oneself = have a good time 过得愉快玩得高兴have fun也能表达此意。enjoy doing sth.喜爱干某事must与have to都可以表示“必须”。must着重于主观上认为有义务，有必要；而have to 着重于客观上的需要，含有“不得不”的意味。如：We must work hard.我们必须努力工作。（是我们要这样做）We have to work hard.我们得努力工作。（环境使我们不得不这样做）六. 难题解析：考题1：根据汉语完成下列句子，每空一词。（1）街上有许多公用电话。There are many _ _ on the streets.（2）你购物时，经常刷卡吗？不，我没有信用卡。When you go shopping, do you usually _ with your credit card.（信用卡）No, I dont have credit card.解析：此题主要考查pay作名词和作动词的用法，在第（1）题中pay用作名词，在（2）题中pay用作动词，由上栏可知。答案：（1）pay phones （2）pay考题2：根据句意或首字母提示完成句子。（1）Not many people write with the l_ hand.（2）Is that the r_ time?（3）A: Excuse me?B: Yes?A: Is there a hospital near here?B: Theres one near Louis Supermarket.A: W_ Louis Supermarket?B: Go down this street, and take the first turning（第一个拐弯处）on the r_, then the second turning on the l_, then turn r_ again.A: Thank you very much.解析：此题主要考查right和left的三种用法。根据题意和上栏的讲解可知。答案：（1）left （2）right （3）Wheres, right, left, right考题3：根据下图，完成下列各句中所缺的介词。（1）The video arcade is _ Bridge Street.（2）The hotel is _ the supermarket.（3）The bank is _ the hotel.（4）There is a bench _ the park.（5）A supermarket is _ the hotel and the post office.解析：此题主要考查本课中出现了的几个重要的表示空间关系的方位介词的用法，由上栏和图示可知。答案：（1）on （2）next to （3）across from（4）in front of （5）between考题4：在句子中正确的词下面划线。（1）Next to the post office (is / are) a small house (has / with) an interesting garden.（2）(Wheres / where) the park? Its across from the hotel.（3）There (is / are) two chairs and a desk in the room.解析：此题主要是考查主谓一致的问题，由上栏的讲解和题意可知答案为：（1）此句为倒装句，正常的语序为：A small house with an interesting garde is next to the post office。主语house为单数，故用is；（2）Wheres；（3）are。答案：（1）is with （2）Wheres （3）are考题5：根据考题3中的图示，回答下列问题。（1）Is there a video arcade in this neighborhood?_（2）Is there a bank on New Street?_（3）Where is the supermarket?_解析：此题主要考查there be句型的一般疑问及其回答，由上栏的讲解和题意可知。答案：（1）Yes, there is. （2）No, there isnt. （3）Its on New Street.考题6：根据句意，选择正确的答案完成句子。（1）The bank is _ Bridge Street on the right.A. from B. down C. between D. off解析：句意：银行在大桥街的右边。down在这里是介词“沿着”。答案：B（2）If you go to the New Park, youll have to go _ Center Avenue.A. across B. pass C. on D. through解析：go是动词只能与介词搭配，因此此处不能用动词pass。答案：D（3）Go _（直接）/down / straight）to school without shopping.（包头市中考题）解析：句意：直接去学校不要购物。答案：straight考题7：单项选择。The water is _.A. in B. over C. up D. off解析：句意：自来水停了。由上栏讲解题及题意可知答案为D。答案：D考题8：选择括号中的词语完成对话。May I come? _, you cant come to the video arcade, because you are a student.（Excuse me/ Sorry）解析：表示委婉拒绝，不同意对方的要求，用sorry。打扰别人，询问情况用Excuse me，故答案为Sorry。答案：Sorry考题9：英汉词组互译。（1）a man with a lot of money（钱）（2）the beginning of his new life（3）许多作业要做（4）桌子上的书（5）到我家的路（线路）（6）a good place to have fun解析：此题主要考查介词短语和动词不定式作后置定语。由上栏及题意可知。答案：（1）一位很有钱的人 （2）他新生活的开始（3）a lot of homework to do （4）the book on the desk（5）the way to my house （6）一个娱乐的好场所考题10：How does your mother usually go to work?She usually goes to work _.A. take taxi B. take a taxiC. by taxi D. by a taxi解析：goes to work是动词短语，因此，只能与by taxi搭配，表示“上班”的方式，即go to work by taxi。答案：C考题11：根据句意，选择正确的词填空。（1）Let me tell you the _ to the airport.（way / road）（2）Dont play football on the _. （street / way）（3）You go through Sixth _, Seventh Avenue and Eighth Avenue. （Avenue / street）解析：此题主要考查词语的辨析，由上栏和题意可知。答案：（1）way （2）street （3）Avenue考题12：根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。（1）火车什么时候到站？When _ the train _ at the station?（2）她常常到家很晚。She often _ _ very late.解析：此题主要考查这两组同义词的辨析，（1）does, arrive（at只能与arrive搭配）。（2）gets home与arrives home均可（home是副词，前面不能用介词at或to）。答案：（1）does, arrive （2）gets home或arrives home考题13：选择。（1）There are two bridges _ the river.（2）I can see you _ the window.A. across B. through C. on D. over解析：（1）over表示在垂直的正上方。（2）through表示透过玻璃。答案：（1）D （2）B【模拟试题】（时间：60分钟；满分100分）I. 词汇语法练习（22分）A. 根据句意，选择适当的图片，将图片序号填在题前的括号里，将该单词写在句中的横线上。（10分）（ ）1. If you want to post a letter, you can go to the _.（ ）2. Many people in Wuhan enjoy themselves in the _ on weekends.（ ）3. We can buy cheap goods（货物，商品）in this _.（ ）4. My parents often take a walk in the _ near our home.（ ）5. Its too late. We cant get back. We have to find a _ to live in.（ ）6. Hes making a call over I _.（ ）7. The people in Wuhan put two beautiful _ across the Changjiang River.（ ）8. We often borrow books from this _.（ ）9. He is driving his car along a busy _ called Zhongnan Ave.（ ）10. Lets play computer games at a _.B. 用适当的介词填空。（8分）11. Welcome _ the garden district.12. The library is next _ the park.13. Is there a scinece market near the bank?No, you have to walk _ the park. Its _ the new hotel and the library.14. My brothers school is across _ Dadongmen Free Market, _ Qianjia Street.15. The post office is down Bridge Street _ the right.16. Here are some flowers _ our best wishes.17. Turn left _ busy Green Street.18. The Greens will arrive _ China next week.C. 按要求改写句子。（4分）19. Is there a pay phone near here?（改为同义句）Is there a pay phone _ _ _?20. Can you tell me how to get to the bank?Can you _ me _ _ to the bank?21. Turn right at the second crossing.（否定句）_ _ right at the second crossing.22. The video arcade is on Seventh Avenue.（对划线部分提问）_ _ the video arcade?II. 句子配对（10分）A23. Is there a pay phone around here?24. Excuse me. How can I get to the hotel?25. Is the library next to the park?26. Shall we play games in the video arcade?27. Where is your house?BA. Yes, it is.B. OK. Lets go.C. Go straight and turn right.D. Yes. Its next to the bank.E. Its on Center Street.23. _ 24. _ 25. _26. _ 27. _III. 单项选择（20分）28. Is there _ video arcade near here?Yes, theres _ near here.A. a; the B. the; aC. a; one D. one; a29. The post office is _ the bank _ the school.A. between; and B. between; orC. next; to D. across; from30. Sara stands _ of the classroom.A. on a right B. on the rightC. in a right D. in the right31. The Blue Sky Hotel is _ George Street.A. in B. onC. next D. between32. She buys a nice dress _ her daughter.A. for B. inC. on D. at33. At the _ of the term he doesnt always listen to the teacher carefully.A. begin B. beginingC. begins D. beginning34. Lets _.A. take walk B. take a walkC. take walking D. take a walking35. Mona begins _ at 5:30 a.m. every day.A. run B. runingC. running D. runs36. Are you _ tomorrow? Would you like to go to see a movie with me?Sorry, Im _. I have many things _.A. free; busy; doing B. free; busy; to doC. busy; free; doing D. busy; free; to do37. Jane and Julia enjoy _.A. watching TV B. watch TVC. to watch TV D. to watching TVIV. 阅读理解（30分）AThis is a street crossing. There are red and green lights at each corner. Drivers must watch the lights carefully.When there is a green light, the cars may go on. When there is a red light, the cars must stop. They must wait until the red light changes（变）to green. Then they can go on. Sometimes the cars want to make a right turn or a left turn. They can make a right turn when the light is green or red. But they must wait until the green light is shining（闪亮）if they want to turn left.Some people are colour-blind（色盲）. They can not see the difference between red and green. These people must not drive, or else there will be an accident（事故）. We must keep our streets safe.根据短文内容选择正确答案。38. Drivers must pay attention to（注意）_ at each corner of the street crossing.A. the red light B. the green lightC. all kinds of lights D. the red and green lights39. No one should drive on when _.A. the green light shines B. the red light shinesC. there is a light D. the light changes40. A car can turn right when there is _.A. either a green light or a red oneB. not only a green light but also a red oneC. a green light and not a red oneD. no green light or red one41. A car cant make a left turn _ the green light shines.A. when B. becauseC. if D. until（直到）42. Something may happen to a colour-blind man if he _.A. arrives B. walksC. drives D. runsBOne day Mr Li and Mr King go to London to see a friend. They dont know much English and London. They cant find their friends home. They walk in the street for a long time. Then they see a man near a bus stop. They go up to him and ask the way. The man smiles but says nothing. Then he puts his hand into his pockets（口袋）and takes out a book. He opens the book and reads, “Im sorry. I dont speak English.” In the evening they find their friends home with the help of a policeman.阅读短文，判断正误，符合短文内容的在相应题号前填写“T”，否则填写“F”。（ ）43. Mr Li and Mr King know much about London.（ ）44. They cant speak much English.（ ）45. The man near the bus stop helps them find their friends home.（ ）46. They dont see any policeman in London.（ ）47. The man near the bus stop cant speak much English like Mr Li and Mr King.V. 写作园地（18分）看这幅社区的平面图，然后写一篇短文介绍这个社区。【试题答案】I.A. 1. E post office 2. J park 3. H supermarket 4. G garden5. A hotel 6. I pay phone 7. F bridges 8. C library9. D street 10. B video arcadeB. 11. to 12. to 13. through, near 14. from, on15. on 16. with（带有） 17. off 18. in（arrive in后接大地点）C. 19. in the neighborhood 20. show, the way21. Dont turn 22. Where isII. 此题考查交际用语23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. EIII.28. C 回答时用one。29. A 30. B 31. B32. A for在此意为“为”。33. D begin是动词，此句需要名词开端，开始。34. B take a walk是固定结构。35. C begin doing sth.“开始做某事”也可以begin to do表示。36. B 此题的综合性很强。由下句“和我一块看电影好吗？”此上句应填free，再由答语sorry可推断，第二个空应填busy，最后一个空应填to do（有许多作业要做）。37. A 考查enjoy doing的用法。IV.A.